Develop Reference

Blank page when removing all mentions of grid()

I've switched from .grid() to .place() in my program, so I decided to remove a frame that contained the grid widgets:
BackButtonR = Button(registerPage, text="Back", command=lambda: show_frame(Menu))
BackButtonR.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
Button2F3 = Button(registerPage, text="Find")
Button2F3.grid(row=1, column=1)
Button3F3 = Button(registerPage, text="Calculate").grid(row=6, column=1)
LabelTitleF3 = Label(registerPage, text="Calculate Buy Price").grid(row=0, column=3)
label1F3 = Label(registerPage, text="Enter Ticker Symbol:").grid(row=1, column=0)
label2F3 = Label(registerPage, text="Expected CAGR").grid(row=2, column=0)
label3F3 = Label(registerPage, text="Years of Analysis").grid(row=3, column=0)
label4F3 = Label(registerPage, text="Expected PE Ratio").grid(row=4, column=0)
label5F3 = Label(registerPage, text="Desired Annual Return").grid(row=5, column=0)
entry1F3 = Entry(registerPage, width=7).grid(row=1, column=1, padx=0)
entry2F3 = Entry(registerPage).grid(row=2, column=1, pady=10, padx=0)
entry3F3 = Entry(registerPage).grid(row=3, column=1, pady=10, padx=0)
entry4F3 = Entry(registerPage).grid(row=4, column=1, pady=10, padx=0)
entry5F3 = Entry(registerPage).grid(row=, column=1, pady=10, padx=0)
But weirdly, when I rerun my program everything turns blank. This shouldn't happen, since I've removed any reference to .grid(), so the program should be working fine with .place(). Here is my full code:
print(220+135)
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
root.title("Account Signup")
DarkBlue = "#2460A7"
LightBlue = "#B3C7D6"
root.geometry('350x230')
Menu = Frame(root)
loginPage = Frame(root)
registerPage = Frame(root)
for AllFrames in (Menu, loginPage, registerPage):
AllFrames.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nsew')
AllFrames.configure(bg=LightBlue)
def show_frame(frame):
frame.tkraise()
show_frame(Menu)
# ============= Menu Page =========
Menu.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
menuTitle = Label(Menu, text="Menu", font=("Arial", 25), bg=LightBlue)
menuTitle.place(x=130, y=25)
loginButton1 = Button(Menu, width=25, text="Login", command=lambda: show_frame(loginPage))
loginButton1.place(x=85, y=85)
registerButton1 = Button(Menu, width=25, text="Register", command=lambda: show_frame(registerPage))
registerButton1.place(x=85, y=115)
# ======== Login Page ===========
loginUsernameL = Label(loginPage, text='Username').place(x=30, y=60)
loginUsernameE = Entry(loginPage).place(x=120, y=60)
loginPasswordL = Label(loginPage, text='Password').place(x=30, y=90)
loginPasswordE = Entry(loginPage).place(x=120, y=90)
backButton = Button(loginPage, text='Back', command=lambda: show_frame(Menu)).place(x=0, y=0)
loginButton = Button(loginPage, text='Login', width=20).place(x=100, y=150)
# ======== Register Page ===========
root.mainloop()
Why is my program turning blank?

When you use pack and grid, these functions will normally adjust the size of a widget's parent to fit all of its children. It's one of the most compelling reasons to use these geometry managers.
When you use place this doesn't happen. If you use place to put a widget in a frame, the frame will not grow or shrink to fit the widget.
In your case you're creating Menu, loginPage and registerPage and not giving them a size so they default to 1x1 pixels. When you use place to add a widget to the frame, the frame will remain at 1x1 pixels, rendering it virtually invisible.
The solution is to either give these frames an explicit size, or add the frames to the window with options that cause them to fill the window.
For illustrative purposes I've changed the background color of the window to pink, and set the size of Menu to 200x200. As you can see in the following screenshot, the frame with the widgets is there, and becomes visible when you give it a larger size. Of course, one problem with place is it's up to you to calculate the appropriate size.
The better solution in this specific case would be to use the appropriate grid options to have the frames fill the window. You can do that by giving a weight to the row and column that the frames are in. Unused space in the parent frame will be allocated to the row and column with the widget.
root.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
root.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
Generally speaking, grid and pack are superior to place for implementing most layouts because they are able to automatically make all widgets fit into a window with very little work. With place it's up to you to do calculations for position and size, and to make sure that all ancestors are appropriately sized and are visible.

You need to call root.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1) and root.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1) so that the shown frame use all the space of root window, otherwise the size of those frames are 1x1.
Also Menu.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1) is useless because widgets inside Menu are using .place().

Tkinter LabelFrame not expanding in both directions when using grid()

So I'm trying to expand my LabelFrame named "Admin Frame" in the X and Y directions somewhat like the pack() system's fill=BOTH argument but it doesn't seem to be working. But I want to be able to do this with the grid()system because I have a complex interface.
This is my code for the LabelFrame:
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
root = Tk()
root.title("Election App Mockup")
root.geometry("800x600")
root.resizable(0,0)
frameStyle = ttk.Style().configure("my.TLabelframe.Label")
adminFrame = ttk.LabelFrame(root, text="Admin Panel", style="my.TLabelframe")
adminWinLabel = ttk.Label(adminFrame, text="Welcome Admin")
voterOpBtn = ttk.Button(adminFrame, text="Configure Voters' List", style="my.TButton")
candidateOpBtn = ttk.Button(adminFrame, text="Configure Candidates' List", style="my.TButton")
setVoteSessionBtn = ttk.Button(adminFrame, text="Setup Voting Session", style="my.TButton")
startVoterSessionBtn = ttk.Button(adminFrame, text="Start a Voting Session", style="my.TButton", padding=(25,3,25,3))
adminSettingBtn = ttk.Button(adminFrame, text="Admin Settings", style="my.TButton", )
adminLogoutBtn = ttk.Button(adminFrame, text="Logout", style="my.TButton", padding=(20,3,20,3))
adminWinLabel.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=2, pady=(170,5), padx=(150,0))
voterOpBtn.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=(150,5), pady=(10,10), ipadx=15)
candidateOpBtn.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=(10,5), pady=(10,10))
setVoteSessionBtn.grid(row=2, column=0, padx=(150,5), pady=(10,10), ipadx=15)
startVoterSessionBtn.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=(10,5), pady=(10,10))
adminSettingBtn.grid(row=3, column=0, padx=(130,0), pady=(10,10), columnspan=2)
adminLogoutBtn.grid(row=4, column=0, padx=(130,0), pady=(10,10), columnspan=2)
adminFrame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=NSEW)
adminFrame.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
adminFrame.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
root.mainloop()
I've tried adding extra arguments like ipadx and ipady in but it doesn't work:
adminFrame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=NSEW, ipadx=200, ipady=20)
Adding a padding argument in the adminFrame does work but it is very tricky to work with just to expand the frame to the window's full length and breadth.
Thanks in advance! Oh and do note that I did not learn object oriented programming in python, so I won't understand any answers using the class system.

So I'm trying to expand my LabelFrame named "Admin Frame" in the X and Y directions somewhat like the pack() system's fill=BOTH argument but it doesn't seem to be working.
As a rule of thumb, any time you use grid to manage widgets, you should give at least one row and one column a weight greater than zero. You are putting adminFrame in the root window with grid, but you haven't given any rows or columns in the root window a weight.
So, if you want adminFrame to expand to fill the window, you need to give a weight of 1 to row 0 and column 0. The other thing that needs to be done -- that you are already doing -- is to set the sticky attribute so that the frame "sticks" to all four sides of the space allocated to it.
adminFrame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=NSEW)
root.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
root.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

Look at this:
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
root = Tk()
root.title("Election App Mockup")
root.geometry("800x600")
# root.resizable(False, False)
frameStyle = ttk.Style().configure("my.TLabelframe.Label")
adminFrame = ttk.LabelFrame(root, text="Admin Panel", style="my.TLabelframe")
adminWinLabel = ttk.Label(adminFrame, text="Welcome Admin")
# A frame for the centre 4 buttons
centre_buttons_frame = Frame(adminFrame)
voterOpBtn = ttk.Button(centre_buttons_frame, text="Configure Voters' List", style="my.TButton")
candidateOpBtn = ttk.Button(centre_buttons_frame, text="Configure Candidates' List", style="my.TButton")
setVoteSessionBtn = ttk.Button(centre_buttons_frame, text="Setup Voting Session", style="my.TButton")
startVoterSessionBtn = ttk.Button(centre_buttons_frame, text="Start a Voting Session", style="my.TButton", padding=(25,3,25,3))
adminSettingBtn = ttk.Button(adminFrame, text="Admin Settings", style="my.TButton", )
adminLogoutBtn = ttk.Button(adminFrame, text="Logout", style="my.TButton", padding=(20,3,20,3))
# I think the buttons looks better when they have an equal size so I added
# sticky="ew" to expand them in the horizontal direction.
voterOpBtn.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="ew", padx=(0,15), pady=10, ipadx=15)
candidateOpBtn.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky="ew", padx=(15,0), pady=10)
setVoteSessionBtn.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="ew", padx=(0,15), pady=10, ipadx=15)
startVoterSessionBtn.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky="ew", padx=(15,0), pady=10)
adminWinLabel.grid(row=1, column=1, pady=(0,5))
centre_buttons_frame.grid(row=2, column=1)
adminSettingBtn.grid(row=3, column=1, pady=10)
adminLogoutBtn.grid(row=4, column=1, pady=(10,0))
# `adminFrame` is packed in the root so it can expand. There should be a way
# to make it work with .grid, but .pack is easier in this case
adminFrame.pack(fill="both", expand=True)
# Expand the 0th and 6th row - there are no widgets
adminFrame.grid_rowconfigure((0, 6), weight=1)
adminFrame.grid_columnconfigure((0, 3), weight=1)
root.mainloop()
It looks like this on my computer:
I added a frame for the centre 4 buttons so that I can avoid columnspan. Also I used adminFrame.pack(fill="both", expand=True) because it is easier than using .grid_propagate(False) and manually setting the width and height of the frame.
Right now, the GUI should look good with any window size.

why isn't my frame stretch completely in tkinter

I tried to stretch the frame using sticky='nsew' but it's not working properly. I have attached the screenshot here.
the white color window is my frame and i want to stick to all corners. i dont wanna mess up with the buttons that i made. its working if i set row=0 but in that case i lost the buttons.. i wanna keep that button too
from tkinter import *
root=Tk()
root.title("manage your cashflow")
#for setting full screen window
screen_width=root.winfo_screenwidth()
screen_height=root.winfo_screenheight()
print(screen_height, screen_width)
root.geometry("%dx%d" % (screen_width,screen_height))
root.configure(bg='grey')
#configure
Grid.rowconfigure(root,0,weight=1)
Grid.columnconfigure(root,0,weight=1)
Grid.columnconfigure(root,1,weight=1)
# creating tabs
up_button1= Button(root, text="the list of month", bg='#ebca87')
up_button1.grid(row=0,column=0, sticky='NEW')
up_button2=Button(root, text="the new month",bg='#ebca87')
up_button2.grid(row=0,column=1,sticky='NEW',pady=0)
#class for frames
class frame:
#method for
def frame2(self):
#for frame sticky
Grid.rowconfigure(root,1,weight=1)
Grid.columnconfigure(root,0,weight=1)
Grid.columnconfigure(root,1,weight=1)
#frame for listbox
frame2=Frame(root)
frame2.grid(row=1,column=0,columnspan=2,sticky="NSEW")
Grid.rowconfigure(frame2,0,weight=1)
Grid.columnconfigure(frame2,0,weight=1)
Grid.columnconfigure(frame2,1,weight=1)
salary_text=Label(frame2,text="salary")
salary_text.pack()
salary_entry=Entry(frame2)
salary_entry.pack()
frame_ob=frame()
frame_ob.frame2()
root.mainloop()
I want to stretch the frame to the buttons. how do I do it?
you guys can see in the screenshot that the white frame doesn't stick to all corners of the 2nd row and 1st and 2 column

Your main issue is Grid.rowconfigure(root,0,weight=1). This is causing the row where the buttons sit to expand at the same rate as the row the frame is in.
Just get rid of that line and it should fix your problem.
That said there are several things I would change with your code.
You use Grid.rowconfigure() and so on and this is not the standard usage. Is there any reason you are doing it this way? Normally I would expect to see frame2.rowconfigure(0, weight=1).
You build your frame as a class but don't actually do anything in it that would require it to be a class. You also do not inherit tk.Frame in your class. I would write it a little different here.
import * is frowned on. It can cause problems when maintaining code over time as it grows and makes it harder to know where the methods are from so trouble shooting can be harder. try import tkinter as tk and use the tk. prefix.
Reasons you might need or want to set a variable name for a widget is if you plan on interacting with it later. Like updating a label or if you want to set a variable name to make it easier to ID what that widget is for. Then you can do that but personally I prefer to avoid setting variables if they will never be modified later.
Your code can be reduced quite a bit.
Here is a non OOP example (I set the frame background to black to make it easier to see if the frame was expanding. You can change this back if you need to):
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("manage your cashflow")
root.geometry("%dx%d" % (root.winfo_screenwidth(), root.winfo_screenheight()))
root.configure(bg='grey')
root.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
root.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
root.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
tk.Button(root, text="the list of month", bg='#ebca87').grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='NEW')
tk.Button(root, text="the new month", bg='#ebca87').grid(row=0, column=1, sticky='NEW', pady=0)
frame2 = tk.Frame(root, bg='black')
frame2.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky="NSEW")
frame2.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
frame2.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
frame2.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
tk.Label(frame2, text="salary").pack()
salary_entry = tk.Entry(frame2)
salary_entry.pack()
root.mainloop()
Results:
For a more OOP geared option you can do something like this.
import tkinter as tk
class App(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.title("manage your cashflow")
self.geometry("%dx%d" % (self.winfo_screenwidth(), self.winfo_screenheight()))
self.configure(bg='grey')
self.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
tk.Button(self, text="the list of month", bg='#ebca87').grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='NEW')
tk.Button(self, text="the new month", bg='#ebca87').grid(row=0, column=1, sticky='NEW', pady=0)
frame2 = Frame2()
frame2.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky="NSEW")
class Frame2(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__(bg='black')
self.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
tk.Label(self, text="salary").pack()
salary_entry = tk.Entry(self)
salary_entry.pack()
if __name__ == '__main__':
App().mainloop()

Tkinter: Too much space between label and button frame

I'm pretty new to Tkinter and I build a little window with different widgets.
My Code looks like this:
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
class Application(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, master):
super().__init__(master)
self.master = master
self.master.geometry("800x600")
self.master.title("Tkinter Sandbox")
self.master.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.master.grid_columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
self._create_left_frame()
self._create_button_bar()
self._create_label_frame()
def _create_left_frame(self):
frame = tk.Frame(self.master, bg="red")
tree_view = ttk.Treeview(frame)
tree_view.column("#0", stretch=tk.NO)
tree_view.heading("#0", text="Treeview")
tree_view.pack(fill=tk.Y, expand=1)
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, rowspan=2, sticky=tk.N + tk.S)
def _create_button_bar(self):
frame = tk.Frame(self.master, bg="blue")
button_run_single = tk.Button(frame, text="Button 1")
button_run_all = tk.Button(frame, text="Button 2")
button_details = tk.Button(frame, text="Button 3")
button_run_single.grid(row=0, column=0)
button_run_all.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=(35, 35))
button_details.grid(row=0, column=2)
frame.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.N)
def _create_label_frame(self):
frame = tk.Frame(self.master, bg="blue")
name_label = tk.Label(frame, text="Label 1")
performance_label = tk.Label(frame, text="Label 2")
name_entry = tk.Entry(frame)
performance_entry = tk.Entry(frame)
name_label.grid(row=0, column=0)
name_entry.grid(row=0, column=1)
performance_label.grid(row=1, column=0)
performance_entry.grid(row=1, column=1)
frame.grid(row=1, column=1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
root = tk.Tk()
app = Application(root)
app.mainloop()
Between the three buttons and the label + entry frame is a huge space. I want the button and label + entry frame right under each other, without the huge space but the treeview should also expand vertically over the whole application window.
I think the problem might be my row and column configuration but I don't know how to solve this problem.

The way you've structured your code makes it hard to see the problem. As a good general rule of thumb, all calls to grid or pack for widgets within a single parent should be in one place. Otherwise, you create dependencies between functions that are hard to see and understand.
I recommend having each of your helper functions return the frame rather than calling grid on the frame. That way you give control to Application.__init__ for the layout of the main sections of the window.
For example:
left_frame = self._create_left_frame()
button_bar = self._create_button_bar()
label_frame = self._create_label_frame()
left_frame.pack(side="left", fill="y")
button_bar.pack(side="top", fill="x")
label_frame.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
I used pack here because it requires less code than grid for this type of layout. However, if you choose to switch to grid, or wish to add more widgets to the root window later, you only have to modify this one function rather than modify the grid calls in multiple functions.
Note: this requires that your functions each do return frame to pass the frame back to the __init__ method. You also need to remove frame.grid from each of your helper functions.
With just that simple change you end up with the button bar and label/entry combinations at the top of the section on the right. In the following screenshot I changed the background of the button_bar to green so you can see that it fills the top of the right side of the UI.

You need to change line
self.master.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
to
self.master.grid_rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
so that the second row takes all the space. Then you need to stick widgets from the label frame to its top by adding sticky parameter to the grid call in _create_label_frame:
frame.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=tk.N)

I prefer to use the Pack Function since it gives a more open window - its easy to configure. When you use Pack() you can use labels with no text and just spaces to create a spacer, by doing this you won't run into the problem your facing.

Tkinter frame problem : resizing does not work

I want to be able to use nested frames but there is a weird behavior : when I enter the height and width parameters they seem to not work. I use .grid() Is that what is causing the problem ? I use ttk Frame, is there some behavior I do not know about ?
I looked at the documentation but nothing seemed to be helping. I tried changing the parameters but I didn't help either.
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
root = Tk()
root.title("Tk test")
root.geometry("800x800")
frame_1 = ttk.Frame(root, height=400, width=400, relief="sunken")\
frame_1.grid(row=0, column=0, rowspan=1, columnspan=1)
frame_2 = ttk.Frame(frame_1, height=200, width=200, relief="sunken")\
frame_2.grid(row=0, column=0, rowspan=1, columnspan=1, sticky="N, S, W, E")
label_1 = ttk.Label(frame_2, text="Text")
label_1.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="S, W, N, E")
root.mainloop()
Expected result : there is a sunken frame inside another sunken frame. Inside the nested frame there is a label named "Text"
Actual result : The label is always in the upper left corner and does not want to move.

You can give cells on a grid a minimum size using the grid_columnconfigure() and grid_rowconfigure methods, as documented here.
Applied to your code (along with other corrections & improvements):
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Tk test")
root.geometry("800x800")
frame_1 = ttk.Frame(root, height=400, width=400, relief="sunken")
frame_1.grid(row=0, column=0)
frame_2 = ttk.Frame(frame_1, height=200, width=200, relief="sunken")
frame_2.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="NSWE")
frame_2.grid_rowconfigure(0, minsize=200)
frame_2.grid_columnconfigure(0, minsize=200)
label_1 = ttk.Label(frame_2, text="Text")
label_1.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="NW")
root.mainloop()

Since the grid manager doesn't know how many rows and columns there are to be on the main window, it doesn't allot the frames with the defined height and width.
If you add padding to each frame, you will see that the Text widget in not the upper left corner. But the Text widget will always be in the upper left corner as it has been placed on the 0th row and column.
Also, use rowconfigure and columnconfigure to ensure that the frames take the space specified by you on the main window.