Develop Reference

Passing arguments to functions in tkinter

I'm trying to set up a GUI feature that allows users to click a button, then be quizzed on/input new words in the categories 'nouns,' 'verbs,' 'adjectives,' etc. The program I have set up references .txt files saved in the same directory as the program.
I haven't been able to pass arguments to buttons, and the answers I've found suggest using lambda functions in some simple situations. The program works if I remove all passed arguments and simply assign a specific file (farsi_nouns, etc.) within each function. I'm not able to tell if I'm doing this incorrectly, or if Tkinter is too basic a GUI to pass arguments to functions in this way. Thanks very much for any feedback!
Tkinter ver. 8.5, Python 3.5.2, OSx High Sierra 10.13.4.
file_in_use = 'farsi_words'
def defaultFile(filename):
file_in_use = filename
return file_in_use
bN = Button(f0, text = 'Nouns', command =lambda: defaultFile('farsi_words'))
bN.pack(side='left')
bN.bind("<Button-1>",
bV = Button(f0, text = 'Verbs', command =lambda: defaultFile('farsi_verbs'))
bV.pack(side='left')
bA = Button(f0, text = 'Adjectives', command =lambda: defaultFile('farsi_adjectives'))
bA.pack(side='left')
bP = Button(f0, text = 'Prepositions', command =lambda: defaultFile('farsi_preps'))
bP.pack(side='left')
def commit(file_in_use):
word = e1.get()
definition = e2.get()
appendFile = open(file_in_use, 'a')#was this defined before def?
appendFile.write('\n' + word + ': ' + definition)
appendFile.close()
e1.delete(0, 'end')
e2.delete(0, 'end')
def review(file_in_use):
t1.delete('1.0', END)
readFile = open(file_in_use, 'r')
size = 0
splitList = []
for line in readFile:
splitWord = line.split(':')
splitWord = splitWord[0].strip('\n ')
splitList.append(splitWord)
size += 1
n = random.randint(0, size - 1)
t1.insert(INSERT, splitList[n] + '\n')
readFile.close()
def answer(file_in_use):
word = e3.get()
def1 = t1.get('1.0','end-1c')
def1 = def1.strip('\n')
readFile = open(file_in_use, 'r')
for line in readFile:
splitWord = line.split(': ')
if def1 == splitWord[0].strip('\n'):
if word == splitWord[1].strip('\n'):
t1.insert(INSERT, 'Good job!')
else:
t1.insert(INSERT, 'Not quite! Good try =)')
readFile.close()
def hint(file_in_use):
def1 = t1.get('1.0','2.0')
def1 = def1.strip('\n')
readFile = open(file_in_use, 'r')
for line in readFile:
splitWord = line.split(': ')
if def1 == splitWord[0].strip('\n'):
hint = splitWord[1]
hint1 = t1.get('2.0','end-1c')
lenHint1 = len(hint1)
if lenHint1 >= len(hint):
pass
else:
t1.insert(INSERT, hint[lenHint1])
print (hint1)
readFile.close()

You can pass arguments easily if you put your code in a class. Another thing is the tkinters function .after() you can try. I have made a simple GUI for demonstration of both.
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import *
class GUI:
def __init__(self, master):
self.file_in_use = 'farsi_words'
self.master = master
self.bN = Button(master, text = 'Nouns', command = self.farsi_words)
self.bN.pack(side='left')
self.bN.bind("<Button-1>")
self.bV = Button(master, text = 'Verbs', command = self.farsi_verbs)
self.bV.pack(side='left')
self.bA = Button(master, text = 'Adjectives', command = self.farsi_adjectives)
self.bA.pack(side='left')
self.bP = Button(master, text = 'Prepositions', command = self.farsi_preps)
self.bP.pack(side='left')
def farsi_words(self, event=None):
self.file_in_use = 'Nouns'
self.master.after(1, self.commit)
def farsi_verbs(self, event=None):
self.file_in_use = 'Verbs'
self.master.after(1, self.commit)
def farsi_adjectives(self, event=None):
self.file_in_use = 'Adjectives'
self.master.after(1, self.commit)
def farsi_preps(self, event=None):
self.file_in_use = 'Prepositiones'
self.master.after(1, self.commit)
def commit(self, event=None):
print(self.file_in_use)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = Tk()
my_gui = GUI(root)
root.mainloop()

Problems with executing a popup tkinter window

In this app I'm trying to execute a popup in which an user can write a date. This popup has to occur after the user clicks a submit button I have already created. The date the user input into this popup has to be saved into a variable which will be used later on on the code. In order to do all this I tried the following:
def CreateOrderPop(self):
def popup():
#contenido = input("Contenido de Orden ")
#diaDeEntregar = input("Dia de Entrega")
self.userentryA = Entry("Dia de Entrega: ")
self.userentryA.pack()
self.userentryAbu = Button(text= "Guardar", command = self.guardarFechaOrden)
self.userentryAbu.pack()
def guardarFechaOrden(self):
global userDate
userDate = self.userentryA.get()
self.destroy()
def submit(self):
result = next(self.counter)
global orderResult
orderResult = str(result)
global contents1
contents1 = ("Nombre: {}".format(self.entry_name.get()))
global contents2
contents2 = ("Email: {}".format(self.entry_email.get()))
global contents3
contents3 = ("Num Cel/Tel: {}".format(self.entry_numtc.get()))
global contents4
contents4 = ("Información Adicional: {}".format(self.entry_addinf.get(1.0, "end")))
def CreateOrder():
fecha = datetime.now()
fechaDeCreacion = fecha.strftime(" %A, %B %d, %Y" )
#diaDeEntregar = userDate
#global fechaDeEntrega
#fechaDeEntrega = fechaDeCreacion + str(diaDeEntregar)
numOrden = orderResult
return fechaDeCreacion, orderResult
completeOrden = [contents1, contents2, contents3, contents4, CreateOrder()]
completeOrdenEnum = "Orden Num:" + orderResult, completeOrden
Database.mainDatabase.append(completeOrdenEnum)
command = self.CreateOrderPop()
After running the code and clicking the submit button, everything runs normal except I don't get the popup I want.
CHANGES
I added this class to help me create what I was looking for:
class PopOrden:
def __init__(self,master):
self.master = master
top=self.top=Toplevel(master)
self.l=Label(top,text="Fecha de Entrega")
self.l.pack()
self.e=Entry(top)
self.e.pack()
self.b=Button(top,text='Ok',command=self.cleanup)
self.b.pack()
def cleanup(self):
self.value=self.e.get()
self.top.destroy()
def entryValue(self):
return self.w.value
print(self.w.value)
The previous code along with this edited code:
def submit(self):
result = next(self.counter)
print (result)
def controLoo():
if result == 1:
self.CreateOrderPop()
command = controLoo()
global orderResult
orderResult = str(result)
global contents1
contents1 = ("Nombre: {}".format(self.entry_name.get()))
global contents2
contents2 = ("Email: {}".format(self.entry_email.get()))
global contents3
contents3 = ("Num Cel/Tel: {}".format(self.entry_numtc.get()))
global contents4
contents4 = ("Información Adicional: {}".format(self.entry_addinf.get(1.0, "end")))
def CreateOrder():
fecha = datetime.now()
fechaDeCreacion = fecha.strftime(" %A, %B %d, %Y" )
#diaDeEntregar = PopOrden
#global fechaDeEntrega
#fechaDeEntrega = fechaDeCreacion + str(diaDeEntregar)
numOrden = orderResult
return fechaDeCreacion, orderResult
completeOrden = [contents1, contents2, contents3, contents4, CreateOrder()]
completeOrdenEnum = "Orden Num:" + orderResult, completeOrden
Database.mainDatabase.append(completeOrdenEnum)
command = self.database_window()
self.clear()
messagebox.showinfo(title = "Orden #"+ orderResult, message = "Orden Guardada")
However, I'm NOW having issues with a blank tk popu that's also generated with the popup I want.

I am not sure what you mean by everything runs normal, because your code seems to have some major formatting issues (indentation to say the least). However, 'pop-ups' are usually achieved with Toplevel() widgets. See this useful resource. It is a great resource for all things tkinter in my opinion.
Also, you might find the answer to this question helpful.

Why dont you use a message box directly
from tkinter import *
import tkMessageBox
root = Tk()
def popUp():
result = tkinter.messageBox.popUp("Quiz","Are you ready? ")
# result wil be yes or no
if result == 'yes':
#do something
else:
# do something
submitButton = Button(root,text= "Submit")
submitButton.bind("<Button-1",popup)
# onleft click on submit popup method gets called
submitButton.pack()

Geting a function variable in another function in a python class

So I have this code
class createNewFile:
def createNewFile(createFileEntry):
string = StringVar()
createFileEntry = Entry( CROW, textvariable = string)
createFileEntry.pack()
createFileEntry.focus_set()
def saveNewFile(message):
filename = createFileEntry.get()
extention = filename
target = open (extention, 'a')
message = tkMessageBox.showinfo('What happened','Recived ' +getFileEntry+' as filename')
newFileButton = createNewFile()
newFileButton.createNewFile()
newFileButton.saveNewFile
newFileIcon = PhotoImage(file='icons/newFile.png')
createFileBtn = Button(toolbar, image = newFileIcon, command = newFileButton.createNewFile,relief='solid',background='white', border=0)
createFileBtn.pack(side=LEFT, padx=0,pady=0)
saveFileIcon = PhotoImage(file='icons/saveFile.png')
saveFileEntry = Button(toolbar,image = saveFileIcon, command = newFileButton.saveNewFile,relief='solid',background='white', border=0)
saveFileEntry.pack(side=LEFT, padx=0,pady=0)
and the idea is for the new file button to create a entry space to get the name and extension of the file, and the save button to write it.
I read here in stack overflow how to set up the class for you to be able to call a variable from one function to another, but it didn't work. What am I doing wrong?

Here in the code shown above you are only creating local instances of the variables, create class variables if you want to use across classes, try using this: -
class createNewFile:
def createNewFile(self):
string = StringVar()
self.createFileEntry = Entry( CROW, textvariable = string)
self.createFileEntry.pack()
self.createFileEntry.focus_set()
def saveNewFile(self, message):
filename = self.createFileEntry.get()
extention = filename
target = open (extention, 'a')
message = tkMessageBox.showinfo('What happened','Recived ' +getFileEntry+' as filename')
Also, I am unable to find getFileEntry in the source code you have provided. anything that you want to save in the class instance, save or edit it using self.variable_name. I hope I have answered your question.

Python 3.3 Can't change Tkinter Label text attribute

I keep on getting an attribute error when trying to changing the text attribute of a tk label.
I declare it and it uses a temp image so it does exist but when I attempt to change it I get the error. If someone knows a better way to change the image or display it in a better method I would greatly like to here.
Here is the relevent code
self.threadLabelImage = tk.Label(self.threadFrame,image=self.threadImage,wraplength=400,padx=20,pady=5).grid(row=7,column=10,sticky = tk.EW)
self.threadFrame.grid(row=0,column=10,sticky=tk.EW,rowspan=8)
self.threadFrame.grid_propagate(0)
self.QUIT = tk.Button(self, text="QUIT", fg="red", command=main.destroy,padx=5, pady=5).grid(row=7)
def updateSelected(self, event):
# getting selected listbox item
i=self.thread_lb.curselection()
# Returns tuple that must be split
x,self.y,z = re.split("\D+",str(i))
self.y=int(self.y)
print(self.threadTitleList[self.y])
print(self.threadPubDateList[self.y])
print(self.threadLinkList[self.y])
print(self.threadDescList[self.y])
self.threadTitle.set(self.threadTitleList[self.y])
self.threadAuth.set(self.threadAuthList[self.y])
self.threadPub.set(self.threadPubDateList[self.y])
self.threadArtLink.set(self.threadLinkList[self.y])
self.threadLink.set(self.threadDescList[self.y])
self.threadImg.set('Will put image here')
if self.threadLinkList[self.y].find('imgur') != -1:
url = self.threadLinkList[self.y]+'.GIF'
imageName=self.threadLinkList[self.y][-11:-4]
urllib.request.urlretrieve(self.threadLinkList[self.y],imageName+'.jpg')
imgfile = Image.open(imageName+'.jpg')
imgfile = imgfile.resize((150,150),Image.ANTIALIAS)
# img = Image.open(file)
self.threadImage = ImageTk.PhotoImage(imgfile)
self.threadLabelImage.config(text = self.threadImage)
self.threadImage.image = imgfile
And here is the entire program so you can run it if need be.import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
import webbrowser,time,urllib.request,re
import tkinter as tk
import urllib
from PIL import Image,ImageTk
main = tk.Tk()
class Application(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, master=None):
self.threadTitle = tk.StringVar()
self.threadAuth = tk.StringVar()
self.threadPub = tk.StringVar()
self.threadArtLink = tk.StringVar()
self.threadLink = tk.StringVar()
self.threadImg = tk.StringVar()
self.threadArtLink.set('Click something to display thread info')
photo = Image.open("temp.png")
photo = photo.resize((150,150), Image.ANTIALIAS)
self.threadImage = ImageTk.PhotoImage(photo)
# Intializes tkinter gui framework
tk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
# Packs widgets needed
self.grid()
# Creates the widgets functions
self.createWidgets()
# Intializes the man rss.xml
self.initial()
# self.threadLabelArtLink = None
# self.threadLabelTitle = None
# self.threadLabelThreadLink = None
# self.threadLabelArtLink = None
# self.threadImgLink = None
def createWidgets(self):
# Create entrybox and align to grid
self.send_entry = tk.Entry(self)
self.send_entry.grid(row=0,column=0)
# Create button,allign to grid, get xml
self.change_sub = tk.Button(self,text='Change Subreddit',padx=5, pady=5, command=lambda :self.getXML(self.send_entry.get())).grid(row=0 , column=3)
# Create scrollbar on Y-Axis
self.lb_scrollY = tk.Scrollbar(self,orient=tk.VERTICAL)
# On grid next to Listbox(sticky means fill whole row
self.lb_scrollY.grid(row=1,column=4,sticky=tk.NS,rowspan=6)
# Create Listbox and get Y from scrollbar
self.thread_lb = tk.Listbox(self,yscrollcommand=self.lb_scrollY.set,height=20)
# Calls function whenever a new item is selected
self.thread_lb.bind('<<ListboxSelect>>',self.updateSelected)
self.thread_lb.bind('<Double-Button-1>',self.openPage)
# scrolly will change the view of listbox
self.lb_scrollY['command']=self.thread_lb.yview
self.thread_lb.grid(row=1,column=0,sticky=tk.NS+tk.EW,columnspan=4)
self.threadFrame = tk.LabelFrame(main,text='Reddit',width=450,height=350,labelanchor='n')
self.threadLabelTitle = tk.Label(self.threadFrame,textvariable=self.threadTitle,wraplength=400,padx=20, pady=5).grid(row=1,column=10,sticky= tk.EW)
self.threadLabelAuth = tk.Label(self.threadFrame, textvariable=self.threadAuth,wraplength=400,padx=20, pady=5).grid(row=2,column=10,sticky = tk.EW)
self.threadLabelPub = tk.Label(self.threadFrame, textvariable=self.threadPub,wraplength=400,padx=20, pady=5).grid(row=3,column=10,sticky = tk.EW)
self.threadLabelArtLink = tk.Label(self.threadFrame, textvariable=self.threadArtLink,wraplength=400,padx=20, pady=5).grid(row=4,column=10,sticky = tk.EW)
self.threadLabelThreadLink = tk.Label(self.threadFrame, textvariable=self.threadLink,wraplength=400,padx=20, pady=5).grid(row=5,column=10,sticky = tk.EW)
self.threadImgLink = tk.Label(self.threadFrame, textvariable=self.threadImg,wraplength=400,padx=20, pady=5).grid(row=6,column=10,sticky = tk.EW)
self.threadLabelImage = tk.Label(self.threadFrame,image=self.threadImage,wraplength=400,padx=20,pady=5).grid(row=7,column=10,sticky = tk.EW)
self.threadFrame.grid(row=0,column=10,sticky=tk.EW,rowspan=8)
self.threadFrame.grid_propagate(0)
self.QUIT = tk.Button(self, text="QUIT", fg="red", command=main.destroy,padx=5, pady=5).grid(row=7)
def updateSelected(self, event):
# getting selected listbox item
i=self.thread_lb.curselection()
# Returns tuple that must be split
x,self.y,z = re.split("\D+",str(i))
self.y=int(self.y)
print(self.threadTitleList[self.y])
print(self.threadPubDateList[self.y])
print(self.threadLinkList[self.y])
print(self.threadDescList[self.y])
self.threadTitle.set(self.threadTitleList[self.y])
self.threadAuth.set(self.threadAuthList[self.y])
self.threadPub.set(self.threadPubDateList[self.y])
self.threadArtLink.set(self.threadLinkList[self.y])
self.threadLink.set(self.threadDescList[self.y])
self.threadImg.set('Will put image here')
if self.threadLinkList[self.y].find('imgur') != -1:
url = self.threadLinkList[self.y]+'.GIF'
imageName=self.threadLinkList[self.y][-11:-4]
urllib.request.urlretrieve(self.threadLinkList[self.y],imageName+'.jpg')
imgfile = Image.open(imageName+'.jpg')
imgfile = imgfile.resize((150,150),Image.ANTIALIAS)
# img = Image.open(file)
self.threadImage = ImageTk.PhotoImage(imgfile)
self.threadLabelImage.config(text = self.threadImage)
self.threadImage.image = imgfile
# # threadTitle = self.threadTitleList[y]
# print(self.threadLabelTitle["text"])
# # self.threadLabelTitle['text']=threadTitle
# self.threadLabelAutPub['text']=self.threadPubDateList[y]
# self.threadImgLink['text']=self.threadLinkList[y]
# self.threadLabelThreadLink['text']=self.threadDescList[y]
# main.update()
def openPage(self,event):
webbrowser.get('windows-default').open_new(self.threadLinkList[self.y])
def descStripper(self,desc):
# Intialize values
l1,l2,l2Start = 0,0,0
t1,t2,t2start = 0,0,0
link = ""
thread = ""
# Where to start looking for each in description element
l1=int(desc.find('<br/> <a href="'))
t1=int(desc.find('</a> <a href="'))
a1=int(desc.find('"> '))
# If both of the tags are found then continue
if l1 != -1 and t1 != -1 and a1 != 1:
# Start looking for end of quotes 16 characters from beginning of tag
l2Start = l1+16
l2=int(desc.find('"',l2Start))
# Link is created from what is in the quotes
link = desc[l1+15:l2]
# Same as above but to find thread link
t2start = t1+15
t2=int(desc.find('"',t2start))
thread = desc[t1+14:t2]
a2start = a1+4
a2 = int(desc.find(' <',a2start))
author = desc[a1+3:a2]
return link,thread,author
else:
# If it can't find one it will return an error
link = "Couldn't find the stuff :("
thread = "Couldn't find the thread link :("
return link, thread
def lbPopulator(self,title,pub,link):
# Delete old entries from listbox
self.thread_lb.delete(0,tk.END)
# Iterate through all the items and append them to the listbox
for item in title:
self.thread_lb.insert(tk.END,item)
def getXmlData(self):
# Intialize lists
self.threadPubDateList = []
self.threadTitleList = []
self.threadLinkList = []
self.threadDescList = []
self.threadThumbNailList = []
self.threadAuthList = []
# Use the downloaded rss.xml for XML parsing
tree=ET.parse('rss.xml')
# define root as the base of the XML parsing tree
root=tree.getroot()
for channel in root:
# Iterate through all the channels
for SubChannel in channel:
# Iterate through all the items in the channel
if SubChannel.tag == 'item':
# If the SubChannel is called item then search for the items below
for threadInfo in SubChannel:
# iterate through all the items in the 'item'
if threadInfo.tag == 'title':
# append the tag from the title to the list
self.threadTitleList.append(threadInfo.text)
if threadInfo.tag == 'pubDate':
# Append the pubdate info to the list but remove excess characters
self.threadPubDateList.append(threadInfo.text[:-6])
if threadInfo.tag == 'description':
# Pass all the information from the description to the stripper to get the useful
# information and links
link,thread,author = self.descStripper(threadInfo.text)
self.threadLinkList.append(link)
self.threadDescList.append(thread)
self.threadAuthList.append(author)
# if threadInfo.tag == ''
# Populate the listbox with the newly generated lists
self.lbPopulator(self.threadTitleList,self.threadPubDateList,self.threadLinkList)
def getXML(self,subreddit):
try:
# Try to download the xml file using the user input subreddit
url = 'http://www.reddit.com'+subreddit+'.rss'
source = urllib.request.urlretrieve(url,'rss.xml')
self.getXmlData()
except urllib.error.HTTPError as err:
# Error caused by reddit API limiting connections
print('Too many requests-Try again')
def initial(self):
try:
# Same as above but downloads the front page
source = urllib.request.urlretrieve('http://www.reddit.com/.rss','rss.xml')
self.getXmlData()
except urllib.error.HTTPError as err:
print('Too many requests-Trying again 3')
# If error occurs program waits 3 seconds and then restarts
time.sleep(3)
self.__init__()
# main.geometry("350x400")
app = Application(master=main)
# Begins the applications GUI loop
app.mainloop()

The grid method of a Tkinter widget always returns None. So, any calls to it must be placed on their own line.
Meaning, all of the lines that are written like this:
self.threadLabelTitle = tk.Label(self.threadFrame,textvariable=self.threadTitle,wraplength=400,padx=20, pady=5).grid(row=1,column=10,sticky= tk.EW)
need to be rewritten like this:
self.threadLabelTitle = tk.Label(self.threadFrame,textvariable=self.threadTitle,wraplength=400,padx=20, pady=5)
self.threadLabelTitle.grid(row=1,column=10,sticky= tk.EW)

Python 2.7 Tkinter and ftplib

I have quick question, and it may sound dumb. But for the love of me I can't find a solution online or by myself! I am trying to make a FTP client using python for my self, and I am trying to make a listbox in Tkinter display all the filenames on the FTP server. But I can't get the text to display! Here is the code I have so far below:
# Import the FTP object from ftplib
from ftplib import FTP
from Tkinter import *
app = Tk()
app.title("FTP")
app.geometry("300x500")
def handleDownload(block):
file.write(block)
print ".",
def login():
ftp.login(username.get(),password.get())
# This is where I am held up I tried ftp.retrlines('LIST') but it would
# not be inserted into to the list box instead it inserted "Tranfer Complete" at the end!
# Any suggetion?
h = ?
stuff = Listbox(app)
stuff.insert(END, h)
stuff.pack()
filename = "Steam Engine Poster.pdf"
Label(app, text ='Opening local file ' + filename).pack()
file = open(filename, 'wb')
Label(app, text = "Downloading Steam Engine Poster.pdf").pack()
ftp.retrbinary('RETR ' + filename, handleDownload)
Label(app, text = "Closing FTP connection!").pack()
ftp.close()
ftp = FTP('sciphigames.com')
Label(app, text = "Login").pack()
username = StringVar(None)
username = Entry(app, text = "Username: ")
username.pack()
password = StringVar(None)
password = Entry(app, text = "Password: ")
password.pack()
button = Button(app, text = "Login!", command = login)
button.pack()
app.mainloop()

You get "Transfer Complete" because retrlines returns the response code, not the listing. If you check the documentation, you'll see that apart from the command, there's a second argument, a callback, that will be called for each line returned. By default it just prints the line to the standard output.
lines = []
def append_line(line):
lines.append(line)
ftp.retrlines('LIST', append_line)