How do I print a specific character from a string in Python? I am still learning and now trying to make a hangman like program. The idea is that the user enters one character, and if it is in the word, the word will be printed with all the undiscovered letters as "-".
I am not asking for a way to make my idea/code of the whole project better, just a way to, as i said, print that one specific character of the string.
print(yourstring[characterposition])
Example
print("foobar"[3])
prints the letter b
EDIT:
mystring = "hello world"
lookingfor = "l"
for c in range(0, len(mystring)):
if mystring[c] == lookingfor:
print(str(c) + " " + mystring[c]);
Outputs:
2 l
3 l
9 l
And more along the lines of hangman:
mystring = "hello world"
lookingfor = "l"
for c in range(0, len(mystring)):
if mystring[c] == lookingfor:
print(mystring[c], end="")
elif mystring[c] == " ":
print(" ", end="")
else:
print("-", end="")
produces
--ll- ---l-
all you need to do is add brackets with the char number to the end of the name of the string you want to print, i.e.
text="hello"
print(text[0])
print(text[2])
print(text[1])
returns:
h
l
e
Well if you know the character you want to search you can use this approach.
i = character looking for
input1 = string
if i in input1:
print(i)
you can change the print statement according to your logic.
name = "premier league"
for x in name:
print(x)
Result shown below:-
To print specific characters of the given string. For example to print 'l' from the given string
name = "premier league"
for x in name:
if x == "l":
print("element found: "+x)
Related
I am a beginner and this is what I came up with so far. However, it does not output the correct number of words that end with "a" or "b." Any tips on how to correct this code?
names = input("Enter list of names: ")
name = names.split(" ")
num = len(name)
ab = ""
print("Number of words:", num)
for i in range(num):
if name[i] == ' ':
if name[i-1] == a:
ab.append() + " "
elif name[i-1] == b:
ab.append() + " "
a_b = ab.split(' ')
print("Number of words that end with a or b: ",len(a_b))
In Python boolean (True and False) are the same as the integers 1 and 0. This means you can use sum() to count True booleans. str.endswith() returns a boolean. This means you can just do this:
words = ["stab", "drama", "hello", "magma", "test"]
a_b = sum(word.endswith(('a', 'b')) for word in words)
# 3
z_c = sum(word.endswith(('z', 'c')) for word in words)
# 0
Any tips on how to correct this code?
Others have answered alternative, working solutions, but I want to try to point out the specific things wrong in your code snippet and tips to correct.
First here's a copy of your snippet with some simple debugging prints along with their output (running in python 3.10).
names = "Barry Lima Bab"
name = names.split(" ")
print(f"{name=}") # name=['Barry', 'Lima', 'Bab']
num = len(name)
print(f"{num=}") # num=3
ab = ""
print("Number of words:", num)
for i in range(num):
print(name[i]) # Barry -> Lima -> Bab
if name[i] == ' ':
if name[i-1] == a:
ab.append() + " "
elif name[i-1] == b:
ab.append() + " "
print(f"{ab=}") # ab=''
a_b = ab.split(' ')
print(f"{a_b=}") # a_b=['']
Breaking things down step by step like this is a great starting point for better understanding what's going on.
if name[i] == ' ': Notice the value of name[i] so this check never resolves to True meaning the code inside never runs
if the inner code did run, you'd hit a NameError: name 'a' is not defined. Did you mean: 'ab'? because a is undefined. Probably meant 'a' here. same for b
In my example, name[i-1] would be 'Bab' -> 'Barry' -> 'Lima' which is probably not what you're expecting. This is because you're getting the -1th, 0th, 1st items in name. to get the last letter from the name, you want name[i][-1] here
if you then get into either of the furthest inside conditions, you'd encounter AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'append' which happens because append is for list not str. You couldchange ab to be a list to use this in which case you'd want ab.append(name[i]) or you can use string concatenation like ab += " " + name[i] or using str.concat
1 last note of interest, you may have noticed your code as-is really likes to return and say that there's 1 item. This is because the above issues always (if the program doesn't break) leaves ab == '' and ''.split(' ') => [''] and thus len(ab.split(" ")) => 1
1 tip that I think would help in code comprehension is that the name variable here is not a single name string like it implies. It's actually a list[str]. I'd probably denote the variables something more like names_str: str vs names: list[str] or raw_names vs names. Then just use something like for name in names: and not worry about indexes. You can also use name.endswith('a') instead of name[-1] == 'a' for better readability.
Eventually you can combine these into a list comprehension for maximal succinctness -> len([name for name in names if name.endswith('a') or name.endswith('b')]).
words = ["ab", "bab", "pa", "pap"]
result = 0
for word in words:
if word[-1] in "ab":
result += 1
print(result)
As a list comprehension:
words = ["word1a", "word2b", "word3", "word4", "word5a"] # ['word1a', 'word2b', 'word5a']
filtered_words = [word for word in words if word[-1] in "ab"]
filtered_words = [word for word in words if word.endswith(("a", "b"))] # better, if you have multiple endings you want to search for with different lengths
len(filtered_words) # 3
name[i-1] is the previous name in the list, not the last character of the current name in the loop.
There's no need to append the matching names to a string. If you just need the count of matches, increment a counter variable.
You need to put a and b in quotes to make them strings, not variables.
names = input("Enter list of names: ")
name = names.split(" ")
matches = 0
print("Number of words:", len(name))
for cur_name in name:
if cur_name.endswith('a') or cur_name.endswith('b'):
matches += 1
print("Number of words that end with a or b: ", matches)
Use the endswith string method to detect if the last letter is "a" or "b"
names = ["bob","boba","larry","curly","moe"]
count = 0
for name in names:
if name.endswith("a") or name.endswith("b"):
count += 1
print(f"{count=}") # count=2
I need a simple python code that lets you enter text and shows it with space between each character.
I have made something like this and it works but now I don't know how to make it with spaces
text = input("text: ")
print(f"{text}")
text = input("text: ")
text = ' '.join(list(text))
print(text)
text = input("enter text here")
words=text.split()
output=""
for word in words:
for letter in word:
output = output + letter + " "
print(output)
As mentioned in the comments, you are looking for the join method of a string. It takes an iterable and concatenates it together using the string as separator. As a string is an iterable itself you can simply do
' '.join('Hello')
>>> H e l l o
My requirements
Use Python to create a function cleanstring(S) to "clean up" the spaces in a sentence S.
The sentence may have extra spaces at the front and/or at the end and/or between words.
The subroutine returns a new version of the sentence without the extra spaces.
That is, in the new string, the words should be the same but there should be no spaces at the start, only one space between each word and no spaces at the end.
This program is about you writing code to search through a string to find words and so you are not allowed to use the split function in Python.
You can solve this problem with the basic capabilities of the if and while statements and string operations of len and concatentation.
For example: if the input is: " Hello to the world !" then the output should be: "Hello to the world!"
Question
My program creates an error.
How do I fix the error in my program?
def cleanupstring (S):
newstring = ["", 0]
j = 1
for i in range(len(S)):
if S[i] != " " and S[i+1] != " ":
newstring[0] = newstring[0] + S[i]
else:
newstring[1] = newstring [1] + 1
return newstring
# main program
sentence = input("Enter a string: ")
outputList = cleanupstring(sentence)
print("A total of", outputList[1], "characters have been removed from your
string.")
print("The new string is:", outputList[0])
Different methods can be used for removing leading and trailing spaces, for converting multiple spaces to one and to remove spaces before exclamation mark, comma etc:
mystr = " Hello . To , the world ! "
print(mystr)
mystr = mystr.strip() # remove leading and trailing spaces
import re # regex module
mystr = re.sub(r'\s+'," ", mystr) # convert multiple spaces to one space.
mystr = re.sub(r'\s*([,.!])',"\\1", mystr) # remove spaces before comma, period and exclamation etc.
print(mystr)
Output:
Hello . To , the world !
Hello. To, the world!
The solutions in comment are correct. You are getting an erro because you try to access S[i+1] in loop for i in range(len(S)):
Solution
Loop only till second-last element
for i in range(len(S) - 1):
Suggestion
As you said you can't use spit() function, so assuming that you can use other functions (to modify string, not to extract words), strip() function and a little bit of regular expressions will do what your cleanupstring() is trying to do.
Code
def cleanupstring (S):
newstring = ["", 0]
init_length = len(S)
S = S.strip() #remove space from front and end
S = re.sub(r'\s+'," ", S) #remove extra space from between words
newstring[0] = S
newstring[1] = init_length - len(S)
return newstring
# main program
sentence = input("Enter a string: ")
outputList = cleanupstring(sentence)
print("A total of", outputList[1], "characters have been removed from your
string.")
print("The new string is:", outputList[0])
I'm doing the pig latin question that I'm sure everyone here is familiar with it. The only thing I can't seem to get is matching the case of the input and output. For example, when the user enters Latin, my code produces atinLay. I want it to produce Atinlay.
import string
punct = string.punctuation
punct += ' '
vowel = 'aeiouyAEIOUY'
consonant = 'bcdfghjklmnpqrstvwxzBCDFGHJKLMNPQRSTVWXZ'
final_word = input("Please enter a single word. ")
first_letter = final_word[:1]
index = 0
if any((p in punct) for p in final_word):
print("You did not enter a single word!")
else:
while index < len(final_word) and (not final_word[index] in vowel):
index = index+1
if any((f in vowel) for f in first_letter):
print(final_word + 'yay')
elif index < len(final_word):
print(final_word[index:]+final_word[:index]+'ay')
What you need is str.title(). Once you have done your piglatin conversion, you can use title() built-in function to produce the desired output, like so:
>>> "atinLay".title()
'Atinlay'
To check if a string is lower case, you can use str.islower(). Take a peek at the docs.
simply use the built in string functions.
s = "Hello".lower()
s == "hello"
s = "hello".upper()
s == "HELLO"
s = "elloHay".title()
s == "Ellohay"
I'm currently doing a project for my university, and one of the assignments was to get python to only print the odd characters in a string, when I looked this up all I could find were string slicing solutions which I was told not to use to complete this task. I was also told to use a loop for this as well. Please help, thank you in advance.
Here is my code so far, it prints the string in each individual character using a for loop, and I need to modify it so that it prints the odd characters.
i = input("Please insert characters: ")
for character in i:
print(character)
Please follow this code to print odd numbered characters
#Read Input String
i = input("Please insert characters: ")
#Index through the entire string
for index in range(len(i)):
#Check if odd
if(index % 2 != 0):
#print odd characters
print(i[index])
Another option:
a= 'this is my code'
count = 1
for each in list(a):
if count % 2 != 0:
print(each)
count+=1
else:
count+=1
I think more information would be helpful to answer this question. It is not clear to me whether the string only contains numbers. Anyway, maybe this answers your question.
string = '38566593'
for num in string:
if int(num) % 2 == 1:
print(num)
To extend on Kyrubas's answer, you could use-
string = '38566593'
for i, char in enumerate(string):
if i % 2 == 1:
print(char)
person = raw_input("Enter your name: ")
a = 1
print"hello " , person
print "total : " , len(person)
for each in list (person):
if a % 2 ==0:
print "even chars : " , (each)
a+=1
else:
a+=1
s = raw_input()
even_string=''
odd_string=''
for index in range(len(s)):
if index % 2 != 0:
odd_string = odd_string+s[index]
else:
even_string = even_string+ (s[index])
print even_string,odd_string
Try this code. For even index start you can use range(0, len(s), 2).
s = input()
res = ''
for i in range(1,len(s),2):
res +=s[i]
print(res)
When we want to split a string, we can use the syntax:
str[beg:end:jump]
When we put just one number, this number indicates the index.
When we put just two numbers, the first indicates the first character (included) and the second, the last character (excluded) of the substring
You can just read the string and print it like this:
i = input("Please insert characters: ")
print(i[::2])
When you put str[::] the return is all the string (from 0 to len(str)), the last number means the jump you want to take, that meaning that you will print the characters 0, 2, 4, etc
You can use gapped index calling. s[start:end:gap]
s = 'abcdefgh'
print(s[::2])
# 'aceg'
returning the characters with indexes 0, 2, 4, and 6. It starts from position 0 to the end and continues with a gap of 2.
print(s[1::2])
# 'bdfh'
Returning the characters with indexes 1, 3, 5, and 7. It starts from position 1 and goes with a gap of 2.