I started learning Python 2 weeks ago, and now I am trying to code a text adventure game. However, I've run into a problem. So far, I haven't found any solution on Google which can help me.
I decided to store basically all relevant variables in dictionaries - feel free to tell me wether that's even a clever idea or rather stupid of me, I actually do not know this, I just thought it might be a solution that works.
Here's my problem: last thing I decided to insert into the program is a save_game() function. So I defined:
def save_game(data):
import shelve
savegame = shelve.open('./save/savegame')
savegame['data'] = data
savegame.close()
And of course, if I then call
save_game(save_game_data)
with save_game_data being the dictionary where I've put all the other dictionaries so I can handle saving with a single function call (I thought that might be better?), it actually works.
But of course a save_game() only makes sense if you can also reload the data into the program.
So I defined:
def load_game(data):
import shelve, time
savegame = shelve.open('./save/savegame')
data = savegame['data']
data = dict(data) # This was inserted because I hoped it would solve my problem, but it doesn't
savegame.close()
But the result of
load_game(save_game_data)
Unfortunately is no updated dictionary save_game_data with all the keys and values, and I just can't get my head around how to get all the stored data back into values in the dictionaries. Maybe I'm on a totally wrong way all together, maybe I just don't know enough about Python yet to even know where I'm erring.
The save_game() and load_game() functions are in a different file from the main file, and are correctly imported if that is relevant.
It looks like you're trying to pass save_game_data to load_game() as if to mean "load data and put it into save_game_data" but this isn't what load_game() is doing. By doing this:
def load_game(data):
import shelve, time
savegame = shelve.open('./save/savegame')
data = (savegame['data'])
You're replacing what data refers to, so save_game_data doesn't get changed.
Instead, you can drop the argument to load_game() and add:
return data
at the end of the function, and call it like this:
save_game_data = load_game()
an image of the error message for anyone interested
trying to make a simple version of a language translator to a language I made that is similar to one from Outer wilds. but when I try to execute one of the letters for turtle to draw it says as the image above or
arg1 must be a string, bytes or code object
As I am not an amazing coder, I have no clue what that means.
This is the code that I have written and I want to exec()
There is another image containing the code I want to exec()
if anyone can tell me how to solve this thanks! and if you are able to use more simple python and dumb the answer down an little bit so I can understand then that would also be massively helpful!
if you can't dumb it down for me, no problem!
a = T.fd(20)
b = T.fd(20); T.rt(60); T.fd(20)
Neither of those statements does what you think they do. The first statement calls the fd function immediately (presumably moving the turtle forward by 20), and returns None, so None will be stored in a.
The second line also does a forward 20 and stores that return value in b. It then does a right 60 and a forward 20, but nothing about those will be stored in b. Those are completely separate statements.
The bottom line is, if you want to store up a macro to be executed later with exec, then those lines MUST BE STRINGS. You don't have any strings. So, change your code to:
a = "T.fd(20)"
b = "T.fd(20); T.rt(60); T.fd(20)"
...etc...
Then it will do what you want. This is not the BEST way to do this, because exec is a bad habit, but it will do what you want. The better way would be to do something like:
a = "F20"
b = "F20,R60,F20"
and then write a little interpreter to convert those to turtle movements.
This sounds like it should be blindingly obvious but there's something quirky going on.
So I have two scripts. Largely the same but a few variances here and there. They both run big loops and they both use global variables. Yes, I know this is bad. Tidying it up is on my to do list but I'm on a time constraint at the moment.
One script works fine. As expected.
The other works fine... for the most part. Then it bugs out once it iterates through the loop again. It's very strange because the code has very little differences but I did pick up on something which I can't explain.
The variable I use to track my position in the loop is set like this in script 1 (which works flawlessly):
global CurrentMatchScan
while True:
print "=Starting Loop="
Loopcounter = 0
CurrentMatchScan = -1
LoadMatch()
The second script has:
global CurrentMatchScan
while True:
print "=Starting Loop="
Loopcounter = 0
CurrentMatchScan = -1
LoadMatch()
However in the second script PyCharm highlights the = -1 part as
Redclared'CurrentMatchScan' defined above without usage
So the obvious assumption is something further up in the code is using it. I do call a function later on which is placed up there...
def LoadMatch():
nextbox1 = LinkList[CurrentMatchScan + 1]
nextbox2 = LinkList[CurrentMatchScan + 2]
But this is only called once CurrentMatchScan is set... and the first script has the exact same code.
Is my IDE just not noticing it on the other script or something? There's a pretty big issue with the looping on the second one and this is the only difference I can see between the two.
I know this doesn't look like a lot to go on but there's not much else to it that I can see. It's barely actually referenced.
I'd really appreciate anyone who can point out how much of an idiot I'm being and missing something really simple.
/edit:
Based on the fact that it does use CurrentMatchScan and calls LoadMatch() for the first iterations properly I'm starting to doubt this is anything but PyCharm trying to warn me I'm potentially doing something silly.
I think if this was the issue it wouldn't work at all so the warning might be a bit of a red herring when it comes to the issue I'm actually facing.
I'm having a little bit of trouble assigning values to a QLineEdit. I've read the documentation and feel that the QLineEdit.SetText() command will be used at some point.
I've used Qt Designer to design a GUI for my software. On the main window (MainWindow.py, with an accompanying ui_MainWindow.py setup file), I have a LineEdit (lineEditScanBarcode) which has strong focus. I've managed to pull input from that LineEdit pretty well. What I'd like to do is this:
If the input in LineEditScanBarcode = x, then assign the name 'John Smith' to a secondary QLineEdit (lineEditUser) which has a zero focus policy. This is what I have so far:
def ScanBarcode(self):
barcode = self.lineEditScanBarcode.text()
self.lineEditScanBarcode.clear()
if barcode == '12345':
print("Welcome John")
self.lineEditUser.setText() = 'John'
else: print("Sorry, user not recognised.")
Upon running this, I get the following error:
Syntax Error: can't assign to function call
I've had a look at the above error, but I'm still unsure as to what's going on here. I still have no idea to open one window on top of another (this software package will have about 10 windows), but that's another story!
Is my logic here on track? I've never used Qt before, so my understanding of the intricacies involved is lacking to say the least.
Any input would be great!
As the comment states, the error is on this line:
self.lineEditUser.setText() = 'John'
You are attempting to assign the value 'John' to that functioncall (as the error states). If you review the documentation for QLineEdit in PyQT, you'll see that QLineEdit.setText() requires a string to be passed to it.
So, what you need to do instead is pass the value 'John' to the function like so:
self.lineEditUser.setText('John')
On another note your idea that your
software package will have about 10 windows
is definitely something that you want to reexamine. More windows, especially when undocked and floating independently will no doubt cause usability issues. I'd strongly recommend sharing your ideas over at UserExperience.SE.
Does anybody know if there is a free python chess moves validation function available somewhere?
What I need. I have a diagram stored as a string, and move candidate. What I need is to see if move candidate is valid for the diagram.
Would be really interested to see examples, if possible.
The string looks this way:
ememememememememememememememememememembbememwpemememememememwpemembkememememememememememememememememwbembrememememwkemememememem
I understand it may seem stupid, but I find it the easiest to encode position this way. Move candidate for me is just another such position (which happened after next move, can change this behavior I think)
You are missing information e.g. whose turn to move, whether each king has ever moved (means castling is not allowed), the "en passant" status of each pawn. That aside, it would be a very instructive exercise for you to write your own, using a not-very-complicated board representation like the 10x12-element array described here (except that you'd linearise it to a 120-element array).
I know this is a rather old question, but my brother and me were looking for the same thing and we came across this awesome little python module called Chessnut.
Here is an example of its use:
#!/usr/bin/python
from Chessnut import Game
chessgame = Game(fen="rnbq1rk1/ppppp1bp/5np1/5p2/2PP4/2NBPN2/PP3PPP/R1BQK2R b KQ - 4 6")
print chessgame
print chessgame.get_moves()
# apply a move
chessgame.apply_move(chessgame.get_moves()[1])
print chessgame
and here the generated output:
rnbq1rk1/ppppp1bp/5np1/5p2/2PP4/2NBPN2/PP3PPP/R1BQK2R b KQ - 4 6
['b8a6', 'b8c6', 'd8e8', 'f8e8', 'f8f7', 'g8h8', 'g8f7', 'a7a6', 'a7a5', 'b7b6', 'b7b5', 'c7c6', 'c7c5', 'd7d6', 'd7d5', 'e7e6', 'e7e5', 'g7h8', 'g7h6', 'h7h6', 'h7h5', 'f6e8', 'f6d5', 'f6e4', 'f6g4', 'f6h5', 'g6g5', 'f5f4']
r1bq1rk1/ppppp1bp/2n2np1/5p2/2PP4/2NBPN2/PP3PPP/R1BQK2R w KQ - 5 7
Awesome! :)
Thanks cgearhart!
Just use the source of one of the Python Chess programs like PyChess or Python Chess
Specifically, the valid moves for pychess: https://code.google.com/p/pychess/source/browse/lib/pychess/Utils/lutils/validator.py
Wouldn't hurt to look at some of the related answers on the side: Chess move validation library and https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1239913/smallest-chess-playing-program stand out to me.
Though personally I'm in favor of building your own.
Check out ChessBoard.
Unfortunately it has some drawbacks:
it seems to be abandoned, because the bugs reported more than one year ago in the comments don't seem to be fixed
the code is not really PEP-8 compliant
some methods are very ugly and big, not all methods have docstrings
there are no unit tests, so digging into that code might be a challenge (I've already tried it at least twice and failed)
The good thing is that the code is GPL so you can play with it as long as you stick to that license.
I've made a simple chess implementation with move validation here: https://github.com/akulakov/pychess
Validation logic is in each piece's "moves()" method, and you can validate your own move by generating full list of moves and checking if your move is there.