I have Tkinter panels that I want to update over time. The main file executes a method on an imported class to draw the Tkinter panel and I want it to execute 5 times every second.
Here is the main script which calls the method to create the panel:
# Script to control updating the display
from tkinter import *
from settings import Settings
from main_panel import Main
import time
# Creates window
root = Tk()
root.configure(background = 'black')
# Establish settings variable
settings = Settings()
# Create panel class with settings
Main = Main(settings)
# Call panel function to create itself
Main.create(root)
root.mainloop()
Here is the method which creates the Tkinter panels:
def create(self,root):
current = self.get_current_status()
self.draw_icons(root,current)
self.draw_days(root,current)
self.draw_temps(root,current)
self.draw_status(root,current)
Where do I do the 'root.after' call to have the panels update?
You've not provided enough code for a customized example, so here's a minimalist example of using root.after():
from tkinter import *
def update_counter():
counter = label_variable.get()
if counter > 0:
label_variable.set(counter - 1)
root.after(1000, update_counter)
root = Tk()
label_variable = IntVar()
label_variable.set(10)
Label(root, textvariable=label_variable, width=10).pack()
root.after(1000, update_counter)
root.mainloop()
Hopefully this will give you an idea of how to incorporate root.after() into your own code.
Related
I am creating a reminder application in python using the Tkinter module. I need to cancel to call the function when the user clicks on the cancel remind button. I tried to assign the time (time variable that contains the time in milliseconds when the function will call) variable to 0, but it does not work.
sorry,for late respond i was creating small example this is the smallest example i can create.
code:
# example:
from tkinter import Tk, mainloop, TOP
from tkinter.ttk import Button
time=10000
# creating tkinter window
root = Tk()
def function_to_cancel():
global time
time=0 # not works
button = Button(root, text = 'Remind Me! after 10 seconds')
button.pack(side = TOP, pady = 5)
cancel=Button(root,text='Cancel Remind',command=function_to_cancel)#this button will cancel the remind
cancel.pack()
print('Running...')
root.after(time, root.destroy)
mainloop()
If you understand the question, please answer.
You need to save the task ID returned by .after() and then use the ID with .after_cancel() to cancel the scheduled task:
from tkinter import Tk, mainloop, TOP
from tkinter.ttk import Button
time=10000
# creating tkinter window
root = Tk()
def function_to_cancel():
#global time
#time=0 # not works
root.after_cancel(after_id)
button = Button(root, text = 'Remind Me! after 10 seconds')
button.pack(side = TOP, pady = 5)
cancel=Button(root,text='Cancel',command=function_to_cancel)#this button will cancel the remind
cancel.pack()
print('Running...')
# save the ID returned by after()
after_id = root.after(time, root.destroy)
mainloop()
I tried to make a module in which I made a funtion which just reads and display the image in GUI. Then I made another module which makes call to that function when the button is clicked. Button gives me error.
#module code:
from tkinter import *
class disp:
def __init__(self):
root1.geometry("400x500")
image = PhotoImage(file = 'png2.png')
Label(root1,image=image).pack()
root1.mainloop()
#main code:
from tkinter import *
import testimg as ti
def click():
ti.disp()
root = Tk()
Button(text = 'Click me',command=click).pack()
root.mainloop()
In your class disp, you have put the master as root1 whereas in the main code, you have defined Tk() as root. This means that root1 is no window so the label that has a master of root1 has no where to pack itself.
You also need to remove root1.mainloop() because it’s useless and causing errors due to the fact that root1 doesn’t have Tk(). It’s like trying to loop a while statement without typing in while. This gives an error.
Below modified code is based on yours:
#module code:
from tkinter import *
class disp:
def __init__(self):
root1 = Tk()
root1.geometry("400x500")
image = PhotoImage(master=root1, file='png2.png') # set master to root1
Label(root1, image=image).pack()
root1.mainloop()
But using multiple Tk() instances is not a good design.
I'm trying to make a simple outline for a gui, and I'm getting the warning
"variable" May be undefined or defined from star imports: tkinter for all of my variables.
Here is my code:
from tkinter import *
class myApp :
def __init__(self, gui,) :
self.root = gui
self.bframe = Frame(self.root) # Create a container Frame at bottom
self.bframe.pack(side=BOTTOM)
self.xlabel = Label(self.root, text="Item ID") # Create the Label
self.xlabel.pack(side=LEFT)
self.xentry = Entry(self.root, bd=5) # Create the Entry box
self.xentry.pack(side=LEFT)
self.xentry.bind('<Return>', self.showStockItem)
self.xentry.focus_set() # Set focus in the Entry box
self.xopen = Button(self.root, text="Show", command=self.showStockItem) # Create the open Button
self.xopen.pack(side=LEFT)
self.xquit = Button(self.bframe, text="Quit", command=self.quitit) # Create the quit Button
self.xquit.pack(side=BOTTOM)
return
gui = Tk()
gui.title("Travel")
app = myApp(gui)
gui.mainloop()
from tkinter import *
In this line, you import everything from tkinter. This is not recommended, so linter will warn you. But if you really want to do this, it's OK, just ignore it.
To be better, you should explicitly import what you need. For example:
from tkinter import Tk, Label, Frame, Entry, Button
Consider using:
import tkinter as tk
and then, prefix all your calls like:
root = tk.Tk()
or,
variableName.pack(side = tk.LEFT)
and so on...
I created a couple of GUIs using tkinter. But now I am interested in combining them into one caller GUI. So the caller GUI would have buttons that, when clicked, would open the other GUIs. However, I cannot get it to work. I've done the imports correctly (I think), edited the main functions in the subGUIs, and added the command=GUI.main in my buttons. I get it to load but I get errors about missing files...but when I run a GUI by itself it works fine.
In my research, I read that there can only be one mainloop in a Tkinter program. Basically, I cannot use a Tkinter GUI to call another Tkinter GUI. Do you know what I can do different, for instance, can I create the caller GUI using wxPython and have it call all other GUIs that use Tkinter?
Thank you!
You can't "call" another GUI. If this other GUI creates its own root window and calls mainloop(), your only reasonable option is to spawn a new process. That's a simple solution that requires little work. The two GUIs will be completely independent of each other.
If you have control over the code in both GUIs and you want them to work together, you can make the base class of your GUI a frame rather than a root window, and then you can create as many windows as you want with as many GUIs as you want.
For example, let's start with a simple GUI. Copy the following and put it in a file named GUI1.py:
import tkinter as tk
class GUI(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, window):
tk.Frame.__init__(self)
label = tk.Label(self, text="Hello from %s" % __file__)
label.pack(padx=20, pady=20)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
gui = GUI(root)
gui.pack(fill="both", expand=True)
tk.mainloop()
You can run that GUI normally with something like python GUI1.py.
Now, make an exact copy of that file and name it GUI2.py. You can also run it in the same manner: python GUI2.py
If you want to make a single program that has both, you can create a third file that looks like this:
import tkinter as tk
import GUI1
import GUI2
# the first gui owns the root window
win1 = tk.Tk()
gui1 = GUI1.GUI(win1)
gui1.pack(fill="both", expand=True)
# the second GUI is in a Toplevel
win2 = tk.Toplevel(win1)
gui2 = GUI2.GUI(win2)
gui2.pack(fill="both", expand=True)
tk.mainloop()
Depending on your OS and window manager, one window might be right on top of the other, so you might need to move it to see both.
Thank you for the ideas. At first, your code wouldn't print the text on the toplevel window. So I edited it a little and it worked! Thank you. GUI1 and GUI2 look like:
import tkinter as tk
def GUI1(Frame):
label = tk.Label(Frame, text="Hello from %s" % __file__)
label.pack(padx=20, pady=20)
return
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
GUI1(root)
root.mainloop()
And then the caller looks like this:
from tkinter import *
import GUI1
import GUI2
def call_GUI1():
win1 = Toplevel(root)
GUI1.GUI1(win1)
return
def call_GUI2():
win2 = Toplevel(root)
GUI2.GUI2(win2)
return
# the first gui owns the root window
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = Tk()
root.title('Caller GUI')
root.minsize(720, 600)
button_1 = Button(root, text='Call GUI1', width='20', height='20', command=call_GUI1)
button_1.pack()
button_2 = Button(root, text='Call GUI2', width='20', height='20', command=call_GUI2)
button_2.pack()
root.mainloop()
So for some reason the scale function in tkinter doesn't want to output the number on the scale. All i receive is either 0.0 or nothing. It seems to be to do with the GUI and calling functions through the GUI. Written and run in python 3.4.
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import messagebox
iterations=30
def settings():
global itervar, iterscale
sGui = Tk()
itervar = DoubleVar()
iterscale = Scale(sGui, orient="horizontal", from_=1, to=1000, variable=itervar)
iterscale.pack()
iterbutton = Button(sGui, text="Save Settings", command=saveSettings)
iterbutton.pack()
sGui.mainloop()
def saveSettings():
global iterations
iterations = itervar.get()
print(iterations)
def doNothing():
pass
def main():
global root, version
root= Tk()
menu = Menu(root)
root.config(menu=menu)
fileMenu = Menu(menu)
menu.add_cascade(label="File", menu=fileMenu)
fileMenu.add_command(label="Quit", command=quit)
benchmarkMenu = Menu(menu)
menu.add_cascade(label="Benchmark", menu=benchmarkMenu)
benchmarkMenu.add_command(label="Run [All]", command=doNothing)
benchmarkMenu.add_separator()
benchmarkMenu.add_command(label="Settings", command=settings)
root.mainloop()
#Main
main()
I have tried the functions settings and saveSettings on their own and they work fine, but when i call it through the GUI it doesn't seem to work.
Any ideas on the problem, my only solution would be have the settings function and saveSettings function in a different file and then run that file externally with os.startfile("etc...")
Minimal fix: change this
itervar = DoubleVar()
to this:
itervar = DoubleVar(sGui)
Because you have two root applications (root and sGui are both instances of Tk) the implied parent widget for itervar is the first one created, being root so tkinter gets confused when you specify it as the variable for a completely different application.
But I would highly recommend using a Toplevel instance to keep the windows a part of the same program:
sGui = Toplevel(root)
...
#sGui.mainloop() #no longer need this
although if you want to be able to run the setting window without the main one you might consider making all your visible windows Toplevels and make the actual root hidden:
# I'm not sure if you want to call it this
abs_root = Tk() # but you are already using root
abs_root.withdraw() #hide the window
Then make root = Toplevel(abs_root)
You coud phase out the variable all together by using .geting the scale directly:
iterations = iterscale.get()