I have made a logic gate that takes in two inputs which will then feed through into a AND gate in this case. For example the user will enter 0 and 0 then the AND gate will process as 0.
The problem here is when we use the IF statement to determine our two inputs, they are not recognised otherwise everything else in the program to process the two inputs along with a temporary storage for the output.
A = input("Enter a value of 1 or 0: ")
B = input("Enter a value of 1 or 0: ")
print(A)
print(B)
So the part above I am able to enter the inputs and create a storage for it.
The program tells me that A and B are unrecognised so does anyone know what I am doing wrong here?
this is where the problem takes place: everything from here to the else statement is ignored.
def first_AND ():
if A == 0 and B == 0:
AND_1()
print(AND)
print("Now solve the XOR gate")
gate_path_A()
elif A == 1 and B == 0:
AND_2()
print(AND)
print("Now solve the XOR gate")
gate_path_A()
elif A == 0 and B == 1:
AND_3()
print(AND)
print("Now solve the XOR gate")
gate_path_A()
elif A == 1 and B == 1:
AND_4()
print(AND)
print("Now solve the XOR gate")
gate_path_A()
else:
print("Error")
it skips all my elif statements and just prints an error.
def AND_1():
print(A & " AND " & B & " = 0")
AND = 0
def AND_2():
print(A & " AND " & B & " = 0")
AND = 0
def AND_3():
print(A & " AND " & B & " = 0")
AND = 0
def AND_4():
print(A & " AND " & B & " = 1")
AND = 1
I cleaned up your code for you: you should read up on python syntax, f.e. https://docs.python.org/2/reference/index.html (for 2.7.x) and do some tutorials
# define global
AND = None
#define the used functions
def gate_path_A():
print("Reached gate_path_A()")
return
def first_AND (A,B):
if A == 0 and B == 0:
AND_1(A,B)
print(AND)
print("Now solve the XOR gate")
gate_path_A()
elif A == 1 and B == 0:
AND_2(A,B)
print(AND)
print("Now solve the XOR gate")
gate_path_A()
elif A == 0 and B == 1:
AND_3(A,B)
print(AND)
print("Now solve the XOR gate")
gate_path_A()
elif A == 1 and B == 1:
AND_4(A,B)
print(AND)
print("Now solve the XOR gate")
gate_path_A()
else:
print("Error")
return
def AND_1(A,B):
print(A , " AND " , B , " = 0")
AND = 0
return
def AND_2(A,B):
print(A , " AND " , B ," = 0")
AND = 0
return
def AND_3(A,B):
print(A , " AND " , B , " = 0")
AND = 0
return
def AND_4(A,B):
print(A , " AND " , B , " = 1")
AND = 1
return
MAIN Program
# get one integer from user
a = None
while a is None:
try:
a = int(input("Enter a number: "))
except ValueError:
print("Not an integer value...")
print(str(a));
# get second integer from user
# you should really put this in a def and return the integer: DRY principle
b = None
while b is None:
try:
b = int(input("Enter a number: "))
except ValueError:
print("Not an integer value...")
print(str(b));
# call to the first and thing and supply the params your got from user
first_AND(a,b);
Related
This code shows run time error as NZEC. Tried both the ways by input() and raw_input still shows error.
# A = int(input('Enter the amount of A: '))
# B = int(input('Enter the amount of B: '))
A, B = raw_input().split(" ")
A = int(A)
B = int(B)
if (A > 0 and B > 0):
print('The mixture is a solution: ')
elif (A == 0):
print('The mixture is Liquid: ')
elif (B == 0):
print('The mixture is Solid: ')
else:
print('Invalid Entry')
In Python 3 there are no raw_input because all inputs are raw_input.
Given that the code works correctly and doesn't throw an error:
A = int(input('Enter the amount of A: '))
B = int(input('Enter the amount of B: '))
if (A > 0 and B > 0):
print('The mixture is a solution: ')
elif (A == 0):
print('The mixture is Liquid: ')
elif (B == 0):
print('The mixture is Solid: ')
else:
print('Invalid Entry')
My problem is, my rock, paper, scissors program seems trapped in a loop somewhere. I suspect it's either the inner loop that asks the user for the number of rounds, or the outer loop that asks the user how many players should play; both might even have indentation problems but I am not sure.
import random
from os import system, name
from time import sleep
#variable declarations and initializations
computer,players, rounds, wins, loses, draws, yourPlay, count, rec, playerRange = 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3
#function definitions
def RoundsWonResult():
print ("You played:",playerMoves[yourPlay])
print ("The computer played:",playerMoves[computer])
print (playerMoves[yourPlay] + " beats " + playerMoves[computer] +"!")
print ("You win!")
return
def RoundsLostResult():
print ("You played:",playerMoves[yourPlay])
print ("The computer played:",playerMoves[computer])
print (playerMoves[computer] + " beats " + playerMoves[yourPlay] +"!")
print ("You lose!")
return
def DrawMatch():
global draws
while (yourPlay == computer):
print ("You played:",playerMoves[yourPlay])
print ("The computer played:",playerMoves[computer])
print ("It's a draw!")
draws+=1
return
def WinsMatch():
global wins
while (yourPlay != computer):
if (yourPlay == 0 and computer != 1):
if (computer == 2):
RoundsWonResult()
wins+=1
elif (yourPlay == 1 and computer == 0):
if (computer != 2):
RoundsWonResult()
wins+=1
elif (yourPlay == 2 and computer != 0):
if (computer == 1):
RoundsWonResult()
wins+=1
return
def LosesMatch():
global loses
while (yourPlay != computer):
if (yourPlay == 0 and computer == 1):
if (computer != 2):
RoundsLostResult()
loses+=1
elif (yourPlay == 1 and computer == 2):
if (computer != 0):
RoundsLostResult()
loses+=1
elif (yourPlay == 2 and computer == 0):
if (computer != 1):
RoundsLostResult()
loses+=1
return
try:
players = int(input("Enter number of players[1-3]:"))
while (players < 1 or players > playerRange):
print ("Invalid range selected!")
players = int(input("Enter number of players[1-3]:"))
except ValueError:
print ("Only numeric values are allowed!")
players = int(input("Enter number of players[1-3]:"))
if (players > 0 and players <= 3):
print ("Good luck to all " + str(players) + " of you. May the better player win!")
while (rec < players):
try:
rounds = int (input("Enter number of rounds to play:"))
while (rounds <= 0):
print ("Value must be greater than zero!")
rounds = int (input("Enter number of rounds to play:"))
print(rec)
print(rounds)
except ValueError:
print ("Only numeric values are allowed!")
rounds = int (input("Enter number of rounds to play:"))
if (rounds != "" and rounds > 0):
print ("Let the games begin!")
else:
print ("Rock beats Scissors, Scissors beats Paper, and Paper beats Rock. Good Luck!")
print("You entered " + str(rounds) + " round(s)!")
playerMoves = ["Rock","Paper","Scissors"]
while (count < rounds):
try:
yourPlay = int(input("(0)Rock,(1)Paper,(2)Scissors:"))
while (yourPlay < 0 or yourPlay > 2):
print ("Invalid selection!")
yourPlay = int(input("(0)Rock,(1)Paper,(2)Scissors:"))
except ValueError:
print ("Only numeric values are allowed!")
yourPlay = int(input("(0)Rock,(1)Paper,(2)Scissors:"))
else:
computer = random.randint(0,2) #randomizes the numbers 0 - 2
if (yourPlay == computer):
DrawMatch()
elif (yourPlay != computer):
WinsMatch()
LosesMatch()
count+=1
print ("End of Round ", count)
if (count == rounds):
print ("Wins:",wins)
print ("Loses:",loses)
print ("Draws:",draws)
#resultLog = {"Wins":wins,"Loses":loses,"Draws":draws}
fileName = input("Enter Your name: ")
#print (resultLog)
with open (fileName,"w") as plyrRec:
print ("Your file has been created!")
plyrRec.close()
with open (fileName, "a") as plyrRec:
plyrRec.write ("{}{}\n{}{}\n{}{}\n".format("Wins:",wins,"Loses:",loses,"Draws:",draws))
plyrRec.close()
rec+=1
print ("End of Record ", rec)
So the code works fairly well except that at the end of the first round it repeatedly asks the user to enter number of rounds to play. I hope someone can advise me please.
#Date first created: September 6, 2018 v.0
#Version: v.1, modified 2021/08/31
#This is a Rock, Paper, Scissors game.
#Rock beats scissors, scissors beats paper, and paper beats rock.
import random
#variable declaration and initialization
game_moves = ["Rock","Paper","Scissors"]
def is_input_numeric(str_val):
'''(string) -> bool
Returns whether a string input contains ONLY numeric values greater than zero
>>> is_input_numeric('4')
True
>>> is_input_numeric("like 7")
False
'''
return str_val.isnumeric() and int(str_val) > 0 and int(str_val) <= 20
def is_input_numeric_range(str_val):
'''(string) -> bool
Returns whether a string input contains ONLY a numeric value greater than zero but less than
or equal to two
>>> is_input_numeric_range('y')
False
>>> is_input_numeric_range('3')
False
>>> is_input_numeric_range('2')
True
'''
return str_val.isnumeric() and int(str_val) >= 0 and int(str_val) <= 2
def validate_rounds():
'''(string) -> string
checks str_val and passes control to is_input_numeric function, then returns a string value
>>> validate_rounds() -> is_input_numeric("time")
False
>>> validate_rounds() -> is_input_numeric('0')
False
>>> validate_rounds()-> is_input_numeric('10')
True
'''
valid_rounds = False
while not valid_rounds:
rounds = input("Enter number of rounds to play[min = 1, max = 20]: ")
valid_rounds = is_input_numeric(rounds)
return rounds
def validate_player_input():
'''(string) -> string
checks string and passes control to is_input_numeric_range function, then returns the string value
>>> validate_player_input() -> is_input_numeric_range('-1')
False
>>> validate_player_input() -> is_input_numeric_range('i')
False
>>> validate_player_input() -> is_input_numeric_range('3')
False
>>> validate_player_input() -> is_input_numeric_range('0')
True
'''
valid_player_control = False
while not valid_player_control:
player_move = input("ONLY (0)Rock,(1)Paper,(2)Scissors, allowed: ")
valid_player_control = is_input_numeric_range(player_move)
return player_move
def get_computer_play():
'''Returns a whole number in the range 0:2
'''
computer_move = random.randint(0,2)
return computer_move
def human_player_wins(plyr, comp):
wins = 0
rock_beats_scissors = False
paper_beats_rock = False
scissors_beats_paper = False
human_hand = plyr
computer_hand = comp
if human_hand == 0 and computer_hand == 2:
rock_beats_scissors = True
elif human_hand == 1 and computer_hand == 0:
paper_beats_rock = True
elif human_hand == 2 and computer_hand == 1:
scissors_beats_paper = True
if rock_beats_scissors or paper_beats_rock or scissors_beats_paper:
print(game_moves[human_hand] + " beats " + game_moves[computer_hand] + "!")
print("You Win!")
wins += 1
return wins
def human_player_lose(plyr, comp):
lose = 0
rock_beats_scissors = False
paper_beats_rock = False
scissors_beats_paper = False
human_hand = plyr
computer_hand = comp
if human_hand == 0 and computer_hand == 1:
paper_beats_rock = True
elif human_hand == 1 and computer_hand == 2:
scissors_beats_paper = True
elif human_hand == 2 and computer_hand == 0:
rock_beats_scissors = True
if rock_beats_scissors or paper_beats_rock or scissors_beats_paper:
print(game_moves[computer_hand] + " beats " + game_moves[human_hand] + "!")
print("You Lose!")
lose += 1
return lose
def players_draw():
draws = 0
print("It's a draw!")
draws += 1
return draws
def start_game():
rounds_played = 0
total_wins = 0
total_losses = 0
total_draws = 0
highest_score = 0
game_rounds = input("Enter number of rounds to play[Max = 20]: ")
rounds_valid = is_input_numeric(game_rounds)
if not rounds_valid:
game_rounds = validate_rounds()
while rounds_played < int(game_rounds):
player_hand = input("(0)Rock,(1)Paper,(2)Scissors: ")
valid_control = is_input_numeric_range(player_hand)
print('plyr:', player_hand)
if not valid_control:
player_hand = validate_player_input()
computer_hand = get_computer_play()
print('comp:', computer_hand)
if int(player_hand) == computer_hand:
total_draws += players_draw()
if int(player_hand) != computer_hand:
total_wins += human_player_wins(int(player_hand),computer_hand)
total_losses += human_player_lose(int(player_hand),computer_hand)
rounds_played += 1
if total_wins > highest_score:
highest_score = total_wins * 10
print('\n--------------------------GAME RESULTS--------------------------')
print('\nHigh Score = ', highest_score )
print('\nrounds played = ', rounds_played, '||','wins = ', total_wins,'||', 'losses = ', total_losses, '||','draws = ', total_draws )
print('\n--------------------------END OF RESULTS------------------------')
start_game()
Thanks to those who tried to helped me it was appreciated. This is the new version now after four years. Yikes!
I am learning functions in Python and was asked to make a script that takes two inputed values and does some math function on them. I wrote the code below but keep getting the error message that on line 17 where I try to print the answer, 'result' is not defined. I dont understand this as I feel like I am defining 'result' within each function. Clearly I am missing some basic concept related to functions and returned values. Any help would be appreciated.
def sum(a,b):
result = a + b
return result
def times(a,b):
result = a * b
return result
def divide(a,b):
result = a / b
return result
def subtract(a,b):
result = a / b
return result
print "Answer is %d" % result
def start():
print "This program can perfom a math function of any two numbers"
a = int(raw_input("Enter first number: "))
b = int(raw_input("Enter second number: "))
c = raw_input("Enter math function you want: ")
if c == "+":
sum(a,b)
elif c == "x":
times(a,b)
elif c == "/":
divide(a,b)
elif c == "-":
subtract(a,b)
else:
print "you didnt enter a function!"
start()
Here is the error:
File "defPrac2.py", line 17, in
print "Answer is %d" % result
See the problem is you are not returning anything from the start function ,
again Python follows a indentation level i.e anything written on the first level (line with no space will be executed first ),
remove the line print line from the top and modify the start function to return the value :
def start():
print "This program can perfom a math function of any two numbers"
a = int(raw_input("Enter first number: "))
b = int(raw_input("Enter second number: "))
c = raw_input("Enter math function you want: ")
res = -1
if c == "+":
res = sum(a,b)
elif c == "x":
res = times(a,b)
elif c == "/":
res = divide(a,b)
elif c == "-":
res = subtract(a,b)
else:
print "you didnt enter a function!"
return res
result = start()
# use format instead of access specifier as it may give you error if
# not handling the specific type case format is more generic
print "Answer is {0}".format(result)
Happy coding :)
Try this, when you have return values, either you can put that value in a new variable and then print or directly print in in the print statement.
`
def sum(a,b):
result = a + b
return result
def times(a,b):
result = a * b
return result
def divide(a,b):
result = a / b
return result
def subtract(a,b):
result = a / b
return result
def start():
print "This program can perfom a math function of any two numbers"
a = int(raw_input("Enter first number: "))
b = int(raw_input("Enter second number: "))
c = raw_input("Enter math function you want: ")
if c == "+":
print("The answer is "+sum(a,b))
elif c == "x":
print("The answer is "+times(a,b))
elif c == "/":
print("The answer is "+divide(a,b))
elif c == "-":
print("The answer is "+subtract(a,b))
else:
print "you didnt enter a function!"
start()
`
I'm currently learning Python and am creating a maths quiz.
I have created a function that loops, first creating a random maths sum, asks for the answer and then compares the input to the actual answer; if a question is wrong the player loses a point - vice versa. At the end a score is calculated, this is what I'm trying to return at the end of the function and print in the main.py file where I receive a NameError 'score' is not defined.
I have racked my head on trying to figure this out. Any help / suggestions would be greatly appreciated!
#generateQuestion.py
`def generate(lives, maxNum):
import random
score= 0
questionNumber = 1
while questionNumber <=10:
try:
ops = ['+', '-', '*', '/']
num1 = random.randint(0,(maxNum))
num2 = random.randint(0,10)
operation = random.choice(ops)
question = (str(num1) + operation + str(num2))
print ('Question', questionNumber)
print (question)
maths = eval(str(num1) + operation + str(num2))
answer=float(input("What is the answer? "))
except ValueError:
print ('Please enter a number.')
continue
if answer == maths:
print ('Correct')
score = score + 1
questionNumber = questionNumber + 1
print ('Score:', score)
print ('Lives:', lives)
print('\n')
continue
elif lives == 1:
print ('You died!')
print('\n')
break
else:
print ('Wrong answer. The answer was actually', maths)
lives = lives - 1
questionNumber = questionNumber + 1
print ('Score:', score)
print ('Lives:', lives)
print('\n')
continue
if questionNumber == 0:
print ('All done!')
return score
`
My main file
#main.py
import random
from generateQuestion import generate
#Welcome message and name input.
print ('Welcome, yes! This is maths!')
name = input("What is your name: ")
print("Hello there",name,"!" )
print('\n')
#difficulty prompt
while True:
#if input is not 1, 2 or 3, re-prompts.
try:
difficulty = int (input(' Enter difficulty (1. Easy, 2. Medium, 3. Hard): '))
except ValueError:
print ('Please enter a number between 1 to 3.')
continue
if difficulty < 4:
break
else:
print ('Between 1-3 please.')
#if correct number is inputted (1, 2 or 3).
if difficulty == 1:
print ('You chose Easy')
lives = int(3)
maxNum = int(10)
if difficulty == 2:
print ('You chose Medium')
lives = int(2)
maxNum = int(25)
if difficulty == 3:
print ('You chose Hard')
lives = int(1)
maxNum = int(50)
print ('You have a life count of', lives)
print('\n')
#generateQuestion
print ('Please answer: ')
generate(lives, maxNum)
print (score)
#not printing^^
'
I have tried a different method just using the function files (without the main) and have narrowed it down to the problem being the returning of the score variable, this code is:
def generate(lives, maxNum):
import random
questionNumber = 1
score= 0
lives= 0
maxNum= 10
#evalualates question to find answer (maths = answer)
while questionNumber <=10:
try:
ops = ['+', '-', '*', '/']
num1 = random.randint(0,(maxNum))
num2 = random.randint(0,10)
operation = random.choice(ops)
question = (str(num1) + operation + str(num2))
print ('Question', questionNumber)
print (question)
maths = eval(str(num1) + operation + str(num2))
answer=float(input("What is the answer? "))
except ValueError:
print ('Please enter a number.')
continue
if answer == maths:
print ('Correct')
score = score + 1
questionNumber = questionNumber + 1
print ('Score:', score)
print ('Lives:', lives)
print('\n')
continue
elif lives == 1:
print ('You died!')
print('\n')
break
else:
print ('Wrong answer. The answer was actually', maths)
lives = lives - 1
questionNumber = questionNumber + 1
print ('Score:', score)
print ('Lives:', lives)
print('\n')
continue
if questionNumber == 0:
return score
def scoreCount():
generate(score)
print (score)
scoreCount()
I think the problem is with these last lines in main:
print ('Please answer: ')
generate(lives, maxNum)
print ('score')
You are not receiving the returned value. It should be changed to:
print ('Please answer: ')
score = generate(lives, maxNum) #not generate(lives, maxNum)
print (score) # not print('score')
This will work.
The way it works is not:
def a():
score = 3
return score
def b():
a()
print(score)
(And print('score') will simply print the word 'score'.)
It works like this:
def a():
score = 3
return score
def b():
print(a())
I need help with this program that I'm writing. It asks random mathematical questions. It chooses between +, - and x. Here's my code
import random
def questions():
name=input("What is your name: ")
print("Hello there",name,"!")
choice = random.choice("+-x")
finish = False
questionnumber = 0
correctquestions = 0
while finish == False:
if questionnumber < 10 | questionnumber >= 0:
number1 = random.randrange(1,10)
number2 = random.randrange(1,10)
print((number1),(choice),(number2))
answer=int(input("What is the answer?"))
questionnumber = questionnumber + 1
if choice==("+"):
realanswer = number1+number2
if answer==realanswer:
print("That's the correct answer")
correctquestions = correctquestions + 1
else:
print("Wrong answer, the answer was",realanswer,"!")
if choice==("x"):
realanswer = number1*number2
if answer==realanswer:
print("That's the correct answer")
correctquestions = correctquestions + 1
else:
print("Wrong answer, the answer was",realanswer,"!")
elif choice==("-"):
realanswer = number1-number2
if answer==realanswer:
print("That's the correct answer")
correctquestions = correctquestions + 1
else:
print("Wrong answer, the answer was",realanswer,"!")
else:
finish = True
else:
print("Good job",name,"! You have finished the quiz")
print("You scored " + str(correctquestions) + "/10 questions.")
questions()
The output:
What is your name: s
Hello there s !
6 - 9
What is the answer?-3
That's the correct answer
9 - 8
What is the answer?1
That's the correct answer
9 - 7
What is the answer?2
That's the correct answer
8 - 3
What is the answer?4
Wrong answer, the answer was 5 !
5 - 6
What is the answer?1
Wrong answer, the answer was -1 !
8 - 7
What is the answer?1
That's the correct answer
3 - 5
What is the answer?2
Wrong answer, the answer was -2 !
4 - 5
What is the answer?1
Wrong answer, the answer was -1 !
7 - 2
What is the answer?5
That's the correct answer
7 - 1
What is the answer?6
That's the correct answer
Good job s ! You have finished the quiz
You scored 6/10 questions.
Now the program is running fine but it asks the questions with the same operator (+, -, x) every time I start the program a different operator questions happen but I want to run it so it actually asks different adding, subtracting, multiplication questions inside the program so all the questions that it asks it will be different questions like x, + and - every different question.
It should help if you move the choice part inside the loop:
while not finish: # better than finish == False
choice = random.choice("+-x")
# etc
import random
correct = 0
name = input("Please enter your name: ")
for count in range(10):
num1 = ranom.randint(1, 100)
num2 = radom.randint(1, 100)
symbol = rndom.choice(["+", "-", "*"])
print("Please solve:\n", num1, symbol, num2)
user = int(input(""))
if symbol == "+":
answer = num1 + num2
elif symbol == "-":
answer = num1 - num2
elif symbol == "*":
answer = num1 * num2
if user == answer:
print("Wong u wetard")
correct = correct + 1
else:
print("correct")
print(name, ", You Got", correct, "Out Of 10")
After while finish == false put this !
choice = random.choice("+-x")
I have attempted the same problem that you face, and after looking at your code I made the changes detailed below. the code works and it is (relatively) neat and concise.
def name_enter():
global name
name = ""
while name == "" or len(name) > 25 or not re.match(r'^[A-Za-z0-9-]*$', name):
name = input("Please enter your name: ")
enter_class()
def enter_class():
global class_choice
class_choice = None
while class_choice not in ["1","3","2"]:
class_choice = input("Please enter you class (1, 2, 3): ")
print("\nClass entered was " + class_choice)
mathsquestion()
def mathsquestion():
global qa, score
qa, score = 0, 0
for qa in range(0,10):
qa = qa + 1
print("The question you are currently on is: ", qa)
n1, n2, userans = random.randrange(12), random.randrange(12), ""
opu = random.choice(["-","+","x"])
if opu == "+":
while userans == "" or not re.match(r'^[0-9,-]*$', userans):
userans = input("Please solve this: %d" % (n1) + " + %d" % (n2) + " = ")
prod = n1 + n2
elif opu == "-":
while userans == "" or not re.match(r'^[0-9,-]*$', userans):
userans = input("Please solve this: %d" % (n1) + " - %d" % (n2) + " = ")
prod = n1 - n2
else:
while userans == "" or not re.match(r'^[0-9,-]*$', userans):
userans = input("Please solve this: %d" % (n1) + " x %d" % (n2) + " = ")
prod = n1 * n2
userans = int(userans)
prod = int(prod)
if prod == userans:
score = score + 1
print("Well done, you have got the question correct. Your score is now: %d" % (score))
else:
print("Unfortunatly that is incorrect. The answer you entered was %d" % (userans) + " and the answer is actually %d" % (prod))
print("Your final score is: %d" % (score))
name_enter()
This is a very different code but should do the same thing. It's also much shorter and neater.
import random
correct = 0
name = input("Please enter your name: ")
for count in range(10):
num1 = random.randint(1, 100)
num2 = random.randint(1, 100)
symbol = random.choice(["+", "-", "*"])
print("Please solve:\n", num1, symbol, num2)
user = int(input(""))
if symbol == "+":
answer = num1 + num2
elif symbol == "-":
answer = num1 - num2
elif symbol == "*":
answer = num1 * num2
if user == answer:
print("Correct!")
correct = correct + 1
else:
print("Incorrect")
print(name, ", You Got", correct, "Out Of 10")