Making 3D Contour Plots - python

I have been trying to get the "example" picture (generated with a 3D graphic calc) using Python for a few days now, but keep running into troubles getting the segments of the plot other than the peak in the middle to show up to scale.
I am using this code:
import numpy as np
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection="3d")
X, Y = np.mgrid[-1:1:30j, -1:1:30j]
Z = (2*X*Y) + (1/np.sqrt(X**2+Y**2))
ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, cmap="autumn_r", lw=0.5, rstride=1, cstride=1)
ax.contour(X, Y, Z, 10, lw=3, cmap="autumn_r", linestyles="solid", offset=-1)
ax.contour(X, Y, Z, 10, lw=3, colors="k", linestyles="solid")
plt.show()
Which produces this graph.
It is close, but it should look more like this one. When I lower the 30j in attempts to bring it down and hope the flares on the sides are more pronounced, it gets rid of the entire peak. I am trying to get to this.

What if you try the following line?
X, Y = np.mgrid[-7:7:100j, -7:7:100j]

Related

How to plot horizontal stack of heatmaps or a stack of grid?

I want to plot a stack of heatmaps, contour, or grid computed over time. The plot should like this,
I have tried this:
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
x = np.linspace(0, 1, 100)
X, Z = np.meshgrid(x, x)
Y = np.sin(X)*np.sin(Z)
levels = np.linspace(-1, 1, 40)
ax.contourf(X, Y, Z, zdir='y')
ax.contourf(X, Y+3, Z, zdir='y')
ax.contourf(X, Y+7, Z, zdir='y')
ax.legend()
ax.view_init(15,155)
plt.show()
For one my plot looks ugly. It also does not look like what I want. I cannot make a grid there, and the 2d surfaces are tilted.
Any help is really appreciated! I am struggling with this.
Related stackoverflow:
[1] Python plot - stacked image slices
[2] Stack of 2D plot
How about making a series of 3d surface plots, with the data your wish to present in contour plotted as facecolor?
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import cm
from matplotlib.ticker import LinearLocator
import numpy as np
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
X = np.arange(-5, 5, 0.25)
Z = np.arange(-5, 5, 0.25)
X, Z = np.meshgrid(X, Z)
C = np.random.random(size=40*40*3).reshape((40, 40, 3))
ax.plot_surface(X, np.ones(shape=X.shape)-1, Z, facecolors=C, linewidth=0)
ax.plot_surface(X, np.ones(shape=X.shape), Z, facecolors=C, linewidth=0)
ax.plot_surface(X, np.ones(shape=X.shape)+1, Z, facecolors=C, linewidth=0)

How to control axis limits in mplot3d in pythons matplotlib

in mplot3d how do I change my axis limits such gets cut off the at the limites. When using ax.set_xlim3d() the graph continuous out the plot.
Consider the graph generated by:
import numpy as np; import matplotlib.pyplot as plt;
from mpl_toolkits import mplot3d
def func(x, y):
return x ** 2 + 0.5*y ** 3
x = np.linspace(-6, 6, 30)
y = np.linspace(-6, 6, 30)
X, Y =np. meshgrid(x, y)
Z = func(X, Y)
plt.clf()
fig = plt.figure(1)
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, rstride=2, cstride=1,
cmap='viridis', edgecolor='none')
Say I want to cut my z = 50, so the last part disappears. ax.set_zlim3d(-100,50) doesn't do the trick. I have a lot of code written in this form so I prefer not to use the method described here mplot3D fill_between extends over axis limits where the core code of the plots are totally different than mine. TI figure there must be a way to fix my problem my adding a line of code to my existing code.

Displaying Contours in 3D matplotlib Surface Graphs based on adjacent axis values

I have already posted an example similar to the following one regarding another issue here:
Displaying Contours in front of Surface in matplotlib
I am posting it again regarding a different question:
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import cm
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import numpy as np
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
X = np.array([[200,800,1500,2000,3000],[200,700,1500,2000,3000],[200,800,1500,2000,3000],[200,800,1500,2000,3000]])
Y = np.array([[50,50,50,50,50],[350,350,350,350,350],[500,500,500,500,500],[1000,1000,1000,1000,1000]])
Z = np.array([[0,0,33,64,71],[44,62,69,74,76],[59,67,72,75,77],[63,68,73,76,77]])
ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, rstride=1, cstride=1, alpha=0.5)
cset = ax.contour(X, Y, Z, zdir='x', offset=200, cmap=cm.coolwarm)
levels = [500,700,1000,2000,3000]
ax.set_xticks(levels)
ax.set_xlabel('X')
ax.set_xlim(200, 3000)
ax.set_ylabel('Y')
ax.set_ylim(0, 1000)
ax.set_zlabel('Z')
ax.set_zlim(0, 100)
plt.show()
Is it possible to have my contours plot a number of contours equal to the adjacent axis values:
e.g. 3D_Surface_from_code_above For the contours in my Y-Z plane to the left of the picture. Instead of having 7 contours displaying (which I'm not sure what X value they correspond too) would it be possible to have one for each X tick value ? i.e. 500, 700, 1000, 2000, 3000.
I hope that make sense, it would allow the viewer to follow the contour corresponding to X = 700 and see how Z varies with respect to Y for this fixed value of X. This would allow me to set the contours for values of X which are of particular interest to me.
Thank you for your help.
You can set the levels directly as an argument of the contours function as
levels = [500,700,1000,2000,3000]
cset = ax.contour(X, Y, Z, levels, zdir='x', offset=200, cmap=cm.coolwarm)

Surface and 3d contour in matplotlib

I would like to plot a surface with a colormap, wireframe and contours using matplotlib. Something like this:
Notice that I am not asking about the contours that lie in the plane parallel to xy but the ones that are 3D and white in the image.
If I go the naïve way and plot all these things I cannot see the contours (see code and image below).
import numpy as np
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection="3d")
X, Y = np.mgrid[-1:1:30j, -1:1:30j]
Z = np.sin(np.pi*X)*np.sin(np.pi*Y)
ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, cmap="autumn_r", lw=0.5, rstride=1, cstride=1)
ax.contour(X, Y, Z, 10, lw=3, cmap="autumn_r", linestyles="solid", offset=-1)
ax.contour(X, Y, Z, 10, lw=3, colors="k", linestyles="solid")
plt.show()
If a add transparency to the surface facets then I can see the contours, but it looks really cluttered (see code and image below)
import numpy as np
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection="3d")
X, Y = np.mgrid[-1:1:30j, -1:1:30j]
Z = np.sin(np.pi*X)*np.sin(np.pi*Y)
ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, cmap="autumn_r", lw=0.5, rstride=1, cstride=1, alpha=0.5)
ax.contour(X, Y, Z, 10, lw=3, cmap="autumn_r", linestyles="solid", offset=-1)
ax.contour(X, Y, Z, 10, lw=3, colors="k", linestyles="solid")
plt.show()
Question: Is there a way to obtain this result in matplotlib? The shading is not necessary, though.
Apparently it is a bug, if you try this
import numpy as np
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection="3d")
X, Y = np.mgrid[-1:1:30j, -1:1:30j]
Z = np.sin(np.pi*X)*np.sin(np.pi*Y)
ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, cmap="autumn_r", lw=0, rstride=1, cstride=1)
ax.contour(X, Y, Z+1, 10, lw=3, colors="k", linestyles="solid")
plt.show()
And rotate around, you will see the contour lines disappearing when they shouldn't
I think you want to set the offset to the contour :
ax.contour(X, Y, Z, 10, offset=-1, lw=3, colors="k", linestyles="solid", alpha=0.5)
See this example for more:
http://matplotlib.org/examples/mplot3d/contour3d_demo3.html
And the docs here:
http://matplotlib.org/mpl_toolkits/mplot3d/tutorial.html#contour-plots
offset: If specified plot a projection of the contour lines on this position in plane normal to zdir
Note, zdir = 'z' by default, but you can project in the x or y direction be setting the zdir accordingly.

matplotlib's colormap

I'm new to python and after installing it I've accomplished to plot my 3d data using matplotlib. Sadly the only thing I don't know how to get done is the color part. My image just shows the surface but doesn't use the color bar at all. Here is my code.
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
from matplotlib import cm
from matplotlib.ticker import LinearLocator, FormatStrFormatter
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.mlab import griddata
import numpy as np
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
data = np.genfromtxt('Uizq.txt')
x = data[:,0]
y = data[:,1]
z = data[:,2]
xi = np.linspace(min(x), max(x))
yi = np.linspace(min(y), max(y))
ax.set_xlabel('X')
ax.set_ylabel('Y')
ax.set_zlabel('U')
X, Y = np.meshgrid(xi, yi)
Z = griddata(x, y, z, xi, yi)
ax.set_zlim3d(np.min(Z), np.max(Z))
surf = ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, rstride=2, cstride=2, cmap=cm.jet,
linewidth=0.5, antialiased=False)
fig.colorbar(surf, shrink=0.5, aspect=5)
plt.show()
you can obviously see that it is all blue, and I want to relate the color with "U" using the full cm.jet spectrum. This might be a very noob question, so sorry if you rolled your eyes.
Add the line
surf.set_clim([np.min(Z),np.max(Z)])
before you add the color bar.
It seems that the 3D plotting does not take into account the masking, so you are including NaN in the data, which confuses the automatic color limits.

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