Extract email attachments and retain modification/creation date? - python

I'm trying to extract files from emails via IMAP using Python 3.7 (on Windows, fyi) and each of my attempts shows extracted files with Modification & Creation Date = time of extraction (which is incorrect).
As full email applications have the ability to preserve that information, it must me stored somewhere. I also gave working with structs a try, thinking the information may be stored in binary, but had no luck.
import email
from email.header import decode_header
import imaplib
import os
SERVER = None
OUT_DIR = '/var/out'
IMP_SRV = 'mail.domain.tld'
IMP_USR = 'user#domain.tld'
IMP_PWD = 'hunter2'
def login_mail():
global SERVER
SERVER = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL(IMP_SRV)
SERVER.login(IMP_USR, IMP_PWD)
def get_mail(folder='INBOX'):
mails = []
_, data = SERVER.uid('SEARCH', 'ALL')
uids = data[0].split()
for uid in uids:
_, s = SERVER.uid('FETCH', uid, '(RFC822)')
mail = email.message_from_bytes(s[0][1])
mails.append(mail)
return mails
def parse_attachments(mail):
for part in mail.walk():
if part.get_content_type() == 'application/octet-stream':
filename = get_filename(part)
output = os.path.join(OUT_DIR, filename)
with open(output, 'wb') as f:
f.write(part.get_payload(decode=True))
def get_filename(part):
filename = part.get_filename()
binary = part.get_payload(decode=True)
if decode_header(filename)[0][1] is not None:
filename = decode_header(filename)[0][0].decode(decode_header(filename)[0][1])
filename = os.path.basename(filename)
return filename
Can anyone tell me what I'm doing wrong and if it's somehow possible?
After getting said information it could be possible to modify the timestamps utilizing How do I change the file creation date of a Windows file?.


I was able to extract the creation-date and modification-date from the content-disposition header. Setting the file modified date is simple too.
attachment_creation_date = attachment.get_param('creation-date', None, 'content-disposition')
attachment_modification_date = attachment.get_param('modification-date', None, 'content-disposition')
Here's a more complete example that shows how to read these parameters if present:
def process_email_attachments(msg, output_directory):
for attachment in msg.iter_attachments():
try:
output_filename = attachment.get_filename()
except AttributeError:
print("Couldn't get attachment filename. Skipping.")
continue
# If no attachments are found, skip this file
if output_filename:
attachment_creation_date = attachment.get_param('creation-date', None, 'content-disposition')
attachment_modification_date = attachment.get_param('modification-date', None, 'content-disposition')
try:
output_file_full_path = os.path.join(output_directory, output_filename)
with open(output_file_full_path, "wb") as of:
payload = attachment.get_payload(decode=True)
of.write(payload)
if attachment_modification_date is not None:
attachment_modification_datetime = email.utils.parsedate_to_datetime(attachment_modification_date)
set_file_last_modified(output_file_full_path, attachment_modification_datetime)
except TypeError:
print("Couldn't get payload for %s" % output_filename)
def set_file_last_modified(file_path, dt):
dt_epoch = dt.timestamp()
os.utime(file_path, (dt_epoch, dt_epoch))
The second part of your question is how to set the file created date. This is platform dependent. There is already a separate question with answers demonstrating how to set the creation date on a Windows file: How do I change the file creation date of a Windows file?

Related

Get PDF attachments using Python

I admit that I am new to Python.
We have to process PDF files with attachments or annotated attachments. I am trying to extract attachments from a PDF file using PyPDF2 library.
The only (!) example found on GitHub contains the following code:
import PyPDF2
def getAttachments(reader):
catalog = reader.trailer["/Root"]
# VK
print (catalog)
#
fileNames = catalog['/Names']['/EmbeddedFiles']['/Names']
And the call is:
rootdir = "C:/Users/***.pdf" # My file path
handler = open(rootdir, 'rb')
reader = PyPDF2.PdfFileReader(handler)
dictionary = getAttachments(reader)
I am getting a KeyError: '/EmbeddedFiles'
A print of the catalog indeed does not contain EmbeddedFiles:
{'/Extensions': {'/ADBE': {'/BaseVersion': '/1.7', '/ExtensionLevel': 3}}, '/Metadata': IndirectObject(2, 0), '/Names': IndirectObject(5, 0), '/OpenAction': IndirectObject(6, 0), '/PageLayout': '/OneColumn', '/Pages': IndirectObject(3, 0), '/PieceInfo': IndirectObject(7, 0), '/Type': '/Catalog'}
This particular PDF contains 9 attachments. How can I get them?

Too Long for comments, and I have not tested personally this code, which looks very similar to your outline in the question, however I am adding here for others to test. It is the subject of a Pull Request https://github.com/mstamy2/PyPDF2/pull/440 and here is the full updated sequence as described by Kevin M Loeffler in https://kevinmloeffler.com/2018/07/08/how-to-extract-pdf-file-attachments-using-python-and-pypdf2/
Viewable at https://gist.github.com/kevinl95/29a9e18d474eb6e23372074deff2df38#file-extract_pdf_attachments-py
Download as
https://gist.github.com/kevinl95/29a9e18d474eb6e23372074deff2df38/raw/acdc194058f9fa2c4d2619a4c623d0efeec32555/extract_pdf_attachments.py
It always helps if you can provide an example input of the type you have problems with so that others can adapt the extraction routine to suit.
In response to getting an error
"I’m guessing the script is breaking because the embedded files section of the PDF doesn’t always exist so trying to access it throws an error."
"Something I would try is to put everything after the ‘catalog’ line in the get_attachments method in a try-catch."
Unfortunately there are many pending pull requests not included into PyPDF2 https://github.com/mstamy2/PyPDF2/pulls and others may also be relevant or needed to aid with this and other shortcomings. Thus you need to see if any of those may also help.
For one pending example of a try catch that you might be able to include / and adapt for other use cases see https://github.com/mstamy2/PyPDF2/pull/551/commits/9d52ef517319b538f007669631ba6b778f8ec3a3
Associated keywords for imbedded files apart from /Type/EmbeddedFiles include /Type /Filespec & /Subtype /FileAttachment note the pairs may not always have spaces so perhaps see if those can be interrogated for the attachments
Again on that last point the example searches for /EmbeddedFiles as indexed in the plural whilst any individual entry itself is identified as singular

This can be improved but it was tested to work (using PyMuPDF).
It detects corrupted PDF files, encryption, attachments, annotations and portfolios.
I am yet to compare the output with our internal classification.
Produces a semicolon separated file that can be imported into Excel.
import fitz # = PyMuPDF
import os
outfile = open("C:/Users/me/Downloads/testPDF3.txt", "w", encoding="utf-8")
folder = "C:/Users/me/Downloads"
print ("filepath;","encrypted;","pages;", "embedded;","attachments;","annotations;","portfolio", file = outfile)
enc=pages=count=names=annots=collection=''
for subdir, dirs, files in os.walk(folder):
for file in files:
#print (os.path.join(subdir, file))
filepath = subdir + os.sep + file
if filepath.endswith(".pdf"):
#print (filepath, file = outfile)
try:
doc = fitz.open(filepath)
enc = doc.is_encrypted
#print("Encrypted? ", enc, file = outfile)
pages = doc.page_count
#print("Number of pages: ", pages, file = outfile)
count = doc.embfile_count()
#print("Number of embedded files:", count, file = outfile) # shows number of embedded files
names = doc.embfile_names()
#print("Embedded files:", str(names), file = outfile)
#if count > 0:
# for emb in names:
# print(doc.embfile_info(emb), file = outfile)
annots = doc.has_annots()
#print("Has annots?", annots, file = outfile)
links = doc.has_links()
#print("Has links?", links, file = outfile)
trailer = doc.pdf_trailer()
#print("Trailer: ", trailer, file = outfile)
xreflen = doc.xref_length() # length of objects table
for xref in range(1, xreflen): # skip item 0!
#print("", file = outfile)
#print("object %i (stream: %s)" % (xref, doc.is_stream(xref)), file = outfile)
#print(doc.xref_object(i, compressed=False), file = outfile)
if "Collection" in doc.xref_object(xref, compressed=False):
#print ("Portfolio", file = outfile)
collection ='True'
break
else: collection="False"
#print(doc.xref_object(xref, compressed=False), file = outfile)
except:
#print ("Not a valid PDF", file = outfile)
enc=pages=count=names=annots=collection="Not a valid PDF"
print(filepath,";", enc,";",pages, ";",count, ";",names, ";",annots, ";",collection, file = outfile )
outfile.close()

I was also running into the same problem with several pdfs that I have. I was able to make these changes to the referenced code that got it to work for me:
import PyPDF2
def getAttachments(reader):
"""
Retrieves the file attachments of the PDF as a dictionary of file names
and the file data as a bytestring.
:return: dictionary of filenames and bytestrings
"""
attachments = {}
#First, get those that are pdf attachments
catalog = reader.trailer["/Root"]
if "/EmbeddedFiles" in catalog["/Names"]:
fileNames = catalog['/Names']['/EmbeddedFiles']['/Names']
for f in fileNames:
if isinstance(f, str):
name = f
dataIndex = fileNames.index(f) + 1
fDict = fileNames[dataIndex].getObject()
fData = fDict['/EF']['/F'].getData()
attachments[name] = fData
#Next, go through all pages and all annotations to those pages
#to find any attached files
for pagenum in range(0, reader.getNumPages()):
page_object = reader.getPage(pagenum)
if "/Annots" in page_object:
for annot in page_object['/Annots']:
annotobj = annot.getObject()
if annotobj['/Subtype'] == '/FileAttachment':
fileobj = annotobj["/FS"]
attachments[fileobj["/F"]] = fileobj["/EF"]["/F"].getData()
return attachments
handler = open(filename, 'rb')
reader = PyPDF2.PdfFileReader(handler)
dictionary = getAttachments(reader)
for fName, fData in dictionary.items():
with open(fName, 'wb') as outfile:
outfile.write(fData)

I know it is a late reply, but i only started looking into this yesterday. I have used the PyMuPdf library to extract the embedded files. here is my code:
import os
import fitz
def get_embedded_pdfs(input_pdf_path, output_path=None):
input_path = "/".join(input_pdf_path.split('/')[:-1])
if not output_path :
output_path = input_pdf_path.split(".")[0] + "_embeded_files/"
if output_path not in os.listdir(input_path):
os.mkdir(output_path)
doc = fitz.open(input_pdf_path)
item_name_dict = {}
for each_item in doc.embfile_names():
item_name_dict[each_item] = doc.embfile_info(each_item)["filename"]
for item_name, file_name in item_name_dict.items():
out_pdf = output_path + file_name
## get embeded_file in bytes
fData = doc.embeddedFileGet(item_name)
## save embeded file
with open(out_pdf, 'wb') as outfile:
outfile.write(fData)

disclaimer: I am the author of borb (the library used in this answer)
borb is an open-source, pure Python PDF library. It abstracts away most of the unpleasantness of dealing with PDF (such as having to deal with dictionaries and having to know PDF-syntax and structure).
There is a huge repository of examples, containing a section on dealing with embedded files, which you can find here.
I'll repeat the relevant example here for completeness:
import typing
from borb.pdf.document.document import Document
from borb.pdf.pdf import PDF
def main():
# read the Document
doc: typing.Optional[Document] = None
with open("output.pdf", "rb") as pdf_file_handle:
doc = PDF.loads(pdf_file_handle)
# check whether we have read a Document
assert doc is not None
# retrieve all embedded files and their bytes
for k, v in doc.get_embedded_files().items():
# display the file name, and the size
print("%s, %d bytes" % (k, len(v)))
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
After the Document has been read, you can simply ask it for a dict mapping the filenames unto the bytes.

Unable to download all documents from eml file

I have a .eml file with 3 attachments in it. I was able to download one of the attachment but unable to download all the attachments.
import os
import email
import base64
# Get list of all files
files = [f for f in os.listdir('.') if os.path.isfile(f)]
# Create output directory
if os.path.exists("output"):
pass
else:
os.makedirs("output")
for eml_file in files:
if eml_file.endswith(".eml"):
with open(eml_file) as f:
email = f.read()
ext=".docx"
if ext is not "":
# Extract the base64 encoding part of the eml file
encoding = email.split(ext+'"')[-1]
if encoding:
# Remove all whitespaces
encoding = "".join(encoding.strip().split())
encoding = encoding.split("=", 1)[0]
# Convert base64 to string
if len(encoding) % 4 != 0: #check if multiple of 4
while len(encoding) % 4 != 0:
encoding = encoding + "="
try:
decoded = base64.b64decode(encoding)
except:
print(encoding)
for i in range(100):
print('\n')
# Save it as docx
path = os.path.splitext(eml_file)[0]
if path:
path = os.path.join("output", path + ext)
try:
os.remove(path)
except OSError:
pass
with open(path, "wb") as f:
f.write(decoded)
else:
print("File not done: " + eml_file)
How can I download all the attachments?
edit: I have initialized the eml_file still not downloading all files.

You import the email module. So why do you ignore it and try to write an email parser yourself? In addition:
You can use glob to list all files with a given extension.
Use should have used not operator in the condition: (if not os.path.exists("output"): os.makedirs("output")), but even this is not necessary, because makedirs has exist_ok parameter.
import os
import glob
import email
from email import policy
indir = '.'
outdir = os.path.join(indir, 'output')
os.makedirs(outdir, exist_ok=True)
files = glob.glob(os.path.join(indir, '*.eml'))
for eml_file in files:
# This will not work in Python 2
msg = email.message_from_file(open(eml_file), policy=policy.default)
for att in msg.iter_attachments():
# Tabs may be added for indentation and not stripped automatically
filename = att.get_filename().replace('\t', '')
# Here we suppose for simplicity sake that each attachment has a valid unique filename,
# which, generally speaking, is not true.
with open(os.path.join(outdir, filename), 'wb') as f:
f.write(att.get_content())

How can I get an attached eml file from email message content using Python?

I am using python 3.7 and the email, imap library to read email and extract the content of email and attachments , all the attachment ( like excel, csv, pdf) is downloading as attachment but when i received any .eml file in email , it shows me error, please find the below code to read email content and attachment with error showing in case of eml file is received as attachment.
it is showing error at the time of writing eml file.
at the time of write part.get_payload(decode=True) is coming blank in eml file case.
filename = part.get_filename()
if filename is not None:
dot_position = filename.find('.')
file_prefix = filename[0:dot_position]
file_suffix = filename[dot_position:len(filename)]
# print(dot_position)
# print(file_prefix)
# print(file_suffix)
now = datetime.datetime.now()
timestamp = str(now.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S%f"))
newFileName = file_prefix + "_" + timestamp + file_suffix
sv_path = os.path.join(svdir, newFileName)
# allfiles = allfiles.append([{"oldfilename": filename, "newfilename": newFileName}])
mydict = filename + '$$' + newFileName
mydict1 = mydict1 + ',' + mydict
print(mydict1)
if not os.path.isfile(sv_path):
print("oldpath:---->" + sv_path)
# filename = os.rename(filename, filename + '_Rahul')
# sv_path = os.path.join(svdir, filename)
# print("Newpath:---->" + sv_path)
fp = open(sv_path, 'wb')
# print("Rahul")
print(part.get_payload(decode=True))
# try:
# newFileByteArray = bytearray(fp)
# if part.get_payload(decode=True) is not None:
fp.write(part.get_payload(decode=True))
# except (TypeError, IOError):
# pass
fp.close()
Error is
<class 'TypeError'> ReadEmailUsingIMAP.py 129
a bytes-like object is required, not 'NoneType'

Just to explain why this is happening (it hit me too), quoting the v. 3.5 library doc. (v2 says the same):
If the message is a multipart and the decode flag is True, then None is returned.
If your attachment is an .EML, it's almost always going to be multi-part, thus the None.
Jin Thakur's workaround is appropriate if you're only expecting .EML multipart attachments (not sure if there is any other use cases); it should have been accepted as an answer.

Use eml_parser
https://pypi.org/project/eml-parser/
import datetime
import json
import eml_parser
def json_serial(obj):
if isinstance(obj, datetime.datetime):
serial = obj.isoformat()
return serial
with open('sample.eml', 'rb') as fhdl:
raw_email = fhdl.read()
parsed_eml = eml_parser.eml_parser.decode_email_b(raw_email)
print(json.dumps(parsed_eml, default=json_serial))

To copy the attached file in an email.

I have been able to figure out how to get the name of the attached file in an email. i am just stuck after that. I don't know what to do after that, I have tried using os.path.join which just gives the path i want to download the folder to and joins it with the filename. Please suggest something. Thanks.
m = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL('outlook.office365.com',993)
m.login("UN", "PW")
m.select("Inbox")
typ, msgs = mail.search(None, '(SUBJECT "qwerty")')
msgs = msgs[0].split()
for emailid in msgs:
resp, data = mail.fetch(emailid, "(RFC822)")
email_body = data[0][1]
m = email.message_from_bytes(email_body)
if m.get_content_maintype() != 'multipart':
continue
for part in m.walk():
if part.get_content_maintype() == 'multipart':
continue
if part.get('Content-Disposition') is None:
continue
filename = part.get_filename()
print(filename)

Following the sample from this link you can set the path when using the open function. (raw string by prefixing the string with r)
fp = open(r'c:\tmp\folder\' + filename, 'wb')
fp.write(part.get_payload(decode=True))
fp.close()
print '%s saved!' % filename

Using urllib.urlretrieve to download files over HTTP not working

I'm still working on my mp3 downloader but now I'm having trouble with the files being downloaded. I have two versions of the part that's tripping me up. The first gives me a proper file but causes an error. The second gives me a file that is way too small but no error. I've tried opening the file in binary mode but that didn't help. I'm pretty new to doing any work with html so any help would be apprecitaed.
import urllib
import urllib2
def milk():
SongList = []
SongStrings = []
SongNames = []
earmilk = urllib.urlopen("http://www.earmilk.com/category/pop")
reader = earmilk.read()
#gets the position of the playlist
PlaylistPos = reader.find("var newPlaylistTracks = ")
#finds the number of songs in the playlist
NumberSongs = reader[reader.find("var newPlaylistIds = " ): PlaylistPos].count(",") + 1
initPos = PlaylistPos
#goes though the playlist and records the html address and name of the song
for song in range(0, NumberSongs):
songPos = reader[initPos:].find("http:") + initPos
namePos = reader[songPos:].find("name") + songPos
namePos += reader[namePos:].find(">")
nameEndPos = reader[namePos:].find("<") + namePos
SongStrings.append(reader[songPos: reader[songPos:].find('"') + songPos])
SongNames.append(reader[namePos + 1: nameEndPos])
initPos = nameEndPos
for correction in range(0, NumberSongs):
SongStrings[correction] = SongStrings[correction].replace('\\/', "/")
#downloading songs
fileName = ''.join([a.isalnum() and a or '_' for a in SongNames[0]])
fileName = fileName.replace("_", " ") + ".mp3"
# This version writes a file that can be played but gives an error saying: "TypeError: expected a character buffer object"
## songDL = open(fileName, "wb")
## songDL.write(urllib.urlretrieve(SongStrings[0], fileName))
# This version creates the file but it cannot be played (file size is much smaller than it should be)
## url = urllib.urlretrieve(SongStrings[0], fileName)
## url = str(url)
## songDL = open(fileName, "wb")
## songDL.write(url)
songDL.close()
earmilk.close()

Re-read the documentation for urllib.urlretrieve:
Return a tuple (filename, headers) where filename is the local file
name under which the object can be found, and headers is whatever the
info() method of the object returned by urlopen() returned (for a
remote object, possibly cached).
You appear to be expecting it to return the bytes of the file itself. The point of urlretrieve is that it handles writing to a file for you, and returns the filename it was written to (which will generally be the same thing as your second argument to the function if you provided one).

Categories

Resources