can i define k elem in random.sample function as an variable? - python

I am begginer in Python. And what I am trying to do is make a random text from the list generator, in which you can choose how many things from the list you want to print out. When im trying to make k=var in which var=Entry(...). It gives me this error: TypeError: '<=' not supported between instances of 'int' and 'NoneType'. If you can give me tips to improve my skills and knowledge Id be really happy.
k determines how many items from the list I wanna print out:
def nahodny_generator():
list = ["more", "more1", "more3"]
sampling = random.sample(list, k=2)
oklbl = Label(root, text=sampling)
oklbl.grid(row=6, column=0)

I got your code into a state where I was able to run it and I didn't see any errors:
import random
from tkinter import Label, Widget
from typing import Optional
root: Optional[Widget] = None
def nahodny_generator() -> None:
words = ["more", "more1", "more3"]
sampling = random.sample(words, k=2)
oklbl = Label(root, text=sampling)
oklbl.grid(row=6, column=0)
nahodny_generator() # no exceptions raised?
One probable bug I noticed is that sampling is a List[str] (note that list is the name of Python's list class, and you probably don't want to name your own variables that) and you're passing it as a parameter called text, which I would assume expects a str (tkinter doesn't have type declarations though so it's not obvious that's the case).
Nothing in the code you shared uses the <= operator so the specific error you saw is coming from some other piece of it. When you get an error, the message will include the exact file and line number that it came from; you can use that to narrow down the source of the bug.

The function nahodny_generator is referenced in Button command, and I want to push that button with the entry inside and print out the amount of things in a list determined by the entry. Also I am using tkinter GUI and if you could give me some tips where to continue after overcoming the beginner level I would be very happy.

Related

Pymel: How do I close For loop after deleting null groups?

As I continue to study For Loops: I've run into some annoying errors. The problem is the script does exactly what I want it to. It deletes the null groups under the demo joints: but unlike other loops I've made for renaming which can be closed with a transform flag in the cmds.ls command: cmds.listRelatives doesn't allow a transform flag to close out the loop. You run the script by simply clicking Build Examples then hitting Delete Waste Groups
I've tried every flag according to the Maya documentation: but nothing seems to be closing the loop. I dont know if I need another variable, or a combination of some flags: or if I am using the wrong type of wording: but ideally what I would like this script to do is simply close out the loop so I dont get the error Error: No object matches name: curve
'''
import DS_wasteGroup_cleanerDemo
reload (DS_wasteGroup_cleanerDemo)
DS_wasteGroup_cleanerDemo.gui()
'''
import re
import maya.cmds as cmds
import maya.mel as mel
if cmds.window("renameWin", exists =True):
cmds.deleteUI("renameWin", window = True)
myWindow = cmds.window("renameWin",t='DS_wasteGroup_cleanerDemo',w=200, h=500, toolbox=True)
column = cmds.columnLayout(adj=True)
def gui():
cmds.button( label="Build Examples", c = buildExamples)
cmds.separator( w=200, h=3)
cmds.button( label="Delete Waste Groups", c = deleteWasteGrp)
cmds.separator( w=200, h=9)
cmds.setParent('..')
cmds.showWindow(myWindow)
def buildExamples(*args):
cmds.group(n='exampleGroup1',world=True,empty=True)
cmds.joint(n='demoJoint1')
cmds.group(n='curve1',world=True,empty=True)
cmds.parent('curve1','demoJoint1')
cmds.joint(n='demoJoint2')
cmds.parent('demoJoint2','exampleGroup1')
cmds.group(n='curve2',world=True,empty=True)
cmds.parent('curve2','demoJoint2')
cmds.joint(n='demoJoint3')
cmds.parent('demoJoint3','exampleGroup1')
cmds.group(n='curve3',world=True,empty=True)
cmds.parent('curve3','demoJoint3')
cmds.joint(n='demoJoint4')
cmds.parent('demoJoint4','exampleGroup1')
cmds.group(n='curve4',world=True,empty=True)
cmds.parent('curve4','demoJoint4')
cmds.joint(n='demoJoint5')
cmds.parent('demoJoint5','exampleGroup1')
cmds.group(n='curve5',world=True,empty=True)
cmds.parent('curve5','demoJoint5')
def deleteWasteGrp(*args):
grpList = cmds.listRelatives('demoJoint*',p=True,f=True)
for name in grpList:
print(grpList)
cmds.delete('curve*')
My apologies if I'm posting simple questions. I do write Python scripts to automate the most tedious tasks in rigging: but my knowledge is only intermediate. I want to learn more python so my scripts arent so clunky and brute forced: as well as the fact that I need them to be more adaptable to various types of characters: so any resources that dumb all this down would also be appreciated. Thank you for your help.
The error is correct, because the very first time the for loop executes, all "curve" obects are deleted, then in the next iteration, the same command does not find any curve objects because they are already deleted. If you place the delete command outside the for loop, the error should disappear.
Honestly I would take a whole different approach as you're hard-coding everything which could easily lead to disaster. When I mean hard-code, I mean you're trying to parent, let's say, "demoJoint2" to an object. This is bad because why are you assuming that "demoJoint2" even exists? If you create an object with a specific name that already exists, Maya will auto-rename the new object, and now you're referencing the wrong one right off the bat! Instead when you create your objects, capture their names in a variable then work with that, otherwise you'll be constantly shooting yourself in the foot.
Here's the same script with an approach I would try instead:
import maya.cmds as cmds
def gui():
if cmds.window("renameWin", exists=True):
cmds.deleteUI("renameWin", window=True)
myWindow = cmds.window("renameWin", t="DS_wasteGroup_cleanerDemo", w=200, h=500, toolbox=True)
column = cmds.columnLayout(adj=True)
cmds.button(label="Build Examples", c=buildExamples)
cmds.separator(w=200, h=3)
cmds.button(label="Delete Waste Groups", c=deleteWasteGrp)
cmds.separator(w=200, h=9)
cmds.setParent("..")
cmds.showWindow(myWindow)
def buildExamples(*args):
root = cmds.group(n="exampleGroup1", world=True, empty=True)
for i in range(5): # Loop to the amount of joints you want to create.
jnt = cmds.createNode("joint", name="demoJoint" + str(i + 1)) # Use `i` to help name the object.
jnt = cmds.parent(jnt, root)[0] # Parenting changes its long name, so recapture the joint in a variable.
crv = cmds.group(n="curve" + str(i + 1), world=True, empty=True) # Create empty group.
cmds.parent(crv, jnt) # Parent curve to joint.
def deleteWasteGrp(*args):
jnts = cmds.ls("demoJoint*", long=True, type="joint") # Get all `demoJoints`.
children = cmds.listRelatives(jnts, f=True, children=True, type="transform") or [] # Get all of their children, and only get transform types.
curves = [obj for obj in children if obj.split("|")[-1].startswith("curve")] # Don't assume we got the right objects. Run a final loop to collect any object that starts with `curve`. Need to use split as we're looping through long names but need to check its short name.
if curves: # `cmds.delete` will error if this list is empty, so don't assume.
cmds.delete(curves) # Delete all curves at once.
gui()
Now I can hit the build button as much as I want with no issues, and delete all the curves when pressing the delete button.
A few more notes:
Notice in buildExamples I'm using a loop to create all the objects instead of reusing redundant code that does the same thing. You could even have a spinbox in your gui that defines how many joints it creates now, where as before it wasn't possible because the count was hard-coded.
cmds.listRelatives does have a way to filter objects by transforms by setting parameter type="transform". In fact you'll see many commands have this same parameter (again start checking docs).
cmds.listRelatives('demoJoint*',p=True,f=True) was grabbing the joint's parent, not its children. The docs clearly state this.
Running cmds.delete('curve*') is going to delete ALL objects with names that start with curve, and since you're running this in a loop it's trying to do this multiple times.
maya.cmds is not pymel. There's a whole separate module called pymel.
If you're unsure with any parts of the code try adding in a print statement to see what it's doing.
I feel like you're going about this whole process a bit wrong, and I would love to elaborate if you're interested, but for now here is a fix for your loop situation:
def deleteWasteGrp(*args):
curveList = cmds.ls('curve*',transforms=True)
try:
cmds.delete(curveList)
print('Deleted the following objects: {}'.format(curveList))
except Exception as e:
cmds.warning('Cleanup failed: {}'.format(e))
The cmds.delete method accepts a list parameter, which in your case is the easiest way to get the job done. Keep in mind that when you delete a parent object, you also delete its children, so depending on your circumstances deleting objects can be order-specific.
Throwing any "likely to fail" calls in a try/except clause is generally a good idea, as it lets you handle the error gracefully. Be careful, however, to not suppress it and just move on -- you at the very least need to alert the user adequately.
Lastly, your buildExamples method will most likely fail if you run it more than once. Because you are addressing objects by string literals (hard coded names) instead of keeping track of their actual names (and full path). You will likely see this error eventually:
# Error: ValueError: file <maya console> line ??: More than one object matches name: demoJoint1 #
Edit: Some elaborations as requested
The commands cmds.group and cmds.joint return a string value indicating the actual name of the object created (in create mode). It's usually a good idea of storing this value in case Maya decides to name your object slightly differently than what you are expecting, usually when there is a naming clash. Eg:
print cmds.group(name='test', world=True, empty=True)
# Returns: test
print cmds.group(name='test', world=True, empty=True)
# Returns: test1
Example of how to capture object names as you create them. I've concatenated your five identical(ish) calls to create joints and curves in this loop:
import maya.cmds as cmds
topGroupName = 'exampleGroup'
actualTopGroupName = None
# Create top level group
actualTopGroupName = cmds.group(n=topGroupName, world=True, empty=True)
# Loop through 5 times and do the following:
for i in range(5):
# PS: hash character in name indicates "next available number"
cmds.select(clear=True)
jnt = cmds.joint(n='demoJoint#')
crv = cmds.group(n='curve#',world=True,empty=True)
cmds.parent(crv, jnt)
cmds.parent(jnt, actualTopGroupName)
Example of how to narrow down which objects to search for with cmds.ls:
topGroupName = 'exampleGroup'
print cmds.ls('|{}*|*|curve*'.format(topGroupName))
# Returns: [u'curve1', u'curve2', u'curve3', u'curve4', u'curve5']
# The string .format() expression is just a dynamic way of writing this:
# |exampleGroup*|*|curve*
Vertical pipes (|) indicate levels in a hierarchy, similar to how slashes (/) work in URLs. And asterisks/wildcards (*) indicate "any character, or none".
Hope this helps you along your way a little bit.

Getting a selection in 3ds Max into a list in Python

I am writing in Python, sometimes calling certain aspects of maxscript and I have gotten most of the basics to work. However, I still don't understand FPValues. I don't even understand while looking through the examples and the max help site how to get anything meaningful out of them. For example:
import MaxPlus as MP
import pymxs
MPEval = MP.Core.EvalMAXScript
objectList = []
def addBtnCheck():
select = MPEval('''GetCurrentSelection()''')
objectList.append(select)
print(objectList)
MPEval('''
try (destroyDialog unnamedRollout) catch()
rollout unnamedRollout "Centered" width:262 height:350
(
button 'addBtn' "Add Selection to List" pos:[16,24] width:88 height:38
align:#left
on 'addBtn' pressed do
(
python.Execute "addBtnCheck()"
)
)
''')
MP.Core.EvalMAXScript('''createDialog unnamedRollout''')
(I hope I got the indentation right, pretty new at this)
In the above code I successfully spawned my rollout, and used a button press to call a python function and then I try to put the selection of a group of objects in a variable that I can control through python.
The objectList print gives me this:
[<MaxPlus.FPValue; proxy of <Swig Object of type 'Autodesk::Max::FPValue *' at 0x00000000846E5F00> >]
When used on a selection of two objects. While I would like the object names, their positions, etc!
If anybody can point me in the right direction, or explain FPValues and how to use them like I am an actual five year old, I would be eternally grateful!
Where to start, to me the main issue seems to be the way you're approaching it:
why use MaxPlus at all, that's an low-level SDK wrapper as unpythonic (and incomplete) as it gets
why call maxscript from python for things that can be done in python (getCurrentSelection)
why use maxscript to create UI, you're in python, use pySide
if you can do it in maxscript, why would you do it in python in the first place? Aside from faster math ops, most of the scene operations will be orders of magnitude slower in python. And if you want, you can import and use python modules in maxscript, too.
import MaxPlus as MP
import pymxs
mySel = mp.SelectionManager.Nodes
objectList = []
for each in mySel:
x = each.Name
objectList.append(x)
print objectList
The easiest way I know is with the
my_selection = rt.selection
command...
However, I've found it works a little better for me to throw it into a list() function as well so I can get it as a Python list instead of a MAXscript array. This isn't required but some things get weird when using the default return from rt.selection.
my_selection = list(rt.selection)
Once you have the objects in a list you can just access its attributes by looking up what its called for MAXscript.
for obj in my_selection:
print(obj.name)

Python GTK get selected value from the treeview

I am working on a mini GUI project , I am currently struggling to figure out how to get selected value from the list and then return that value to the main function so that I can use that value in somewhere else . Can someone help me please !!!!
####
self.device_list_store = gtk.ListStore(str,str,str,str,str)
for device in self.get_dev_list():
self.device_list_store.append(list(device))
device_list_treeview = gtk.TreeView(self.device_list_store)
selected_row = device_list_treeview.get_selection()
selected_row.connect("changed",self.item_selected)
####
def item_selected(self,selection):
model,row = selection.get_selected()
if row is not None:
selected_device = model[row][0]
at the moment ,the item_selected function is not returning anything , I want to return selected_device back to the main function so I can use it in other functions as well .
EDIT: I've edited code above to remove formatting errors #jcoppens
As you can see in the documentation, the item_selected function is called with one parameter, tree_selection. But if you define the function inside a class, it requires the self parameter too, which is normally added automatically. In your (confusing) example, there is no class defined, so I suspect the problem is your program which is incomplete.
Also, I suspect you don't want device_list_treeview = gtk.T... in the for loop:
for device in self.get_dev_list():
self.device_list_store.append(list(device))
device_list_treeview = gtk.TreeView(self.device_list_store)
And I suspect you want selected_device = mod... indented below the if:
if row is not None:
selected_device = model[row][0]
Please convert your example in a complete program, and formatted correctly.
BTW: item_selected is not a good name for the signal handler. It is also called if the item is unselected (which is why the signal is called 'changed')!
And important: Even though you should first read the basic Python tutorials and Gtk tutorials, you should then consider using lazka's excellent reference for all the Python APIs. There's a link on the page to download it completely and have it at hand in your computer.

Assign string to QLineEdit with PySide/PyQt

I'm having a little bit of trouble assigning values to a QLineEdit. I've read the documentation and feel that the QLineEdit.SetText() command will be used at some point.
I've used Qt Designer to design a GUI for my software. On the main window (MainWindow.py, with an accompanying ui_MainWindow.py setup file), I have a LineEdit (lineEditScanBarcode) which has strong focus. I've managed to pull input from that LineEdit pretty well. What I'd like to do is this:
If the input in LineEditScanBarcode = x, then assign the name 'John Smith' to a secondary QLineEdit (lineEditUser) which has a zero focus policy. This is what I have so far:
def ScanBarcode(self):
barcode = self.lineEditScanBarcode.text()
self.lineEditScanBarcode.clear()
if barcode == '12345':
print("Welcome John")
self.lineEditUser.setText() = 'John'
else: print("Sorry, user not recognised.")
Upon running this, I get the following error:
Syntax Error: can't assign to function call
I've had a look at the above error, but I'm still unsure as to what's going on here. I still have no idea to open one window on top of another (this software package will have about 10 windows), but that's another story!
Is my logic here on track? I've never used Qt before, so my understanding of the intricacies involved is lacking to say the least.
Any input would be great!
As the comment states, the error is on this line:
self.lineEditUser.setText() = 'John'
You are attempting to assign the value 'John' to that functioncall (as the error states). If you review the documentation for QLineEdit in PyQT, you'll see that QLineEdit.setText() requires a string to be passed to it.
So, what you need to do instead is pass the value 'John' to the function like so:
self.lineEditUser.setText('John')
On another note your idea that your
software package will have about 10 windows
is definitely something that you want to reexamine. More windows, especially when undocked and floating independently will no doubt cause usability issues. I'd strongly recommend sharing your ideas over at UserExperience.SE.

wxPython RichTextCtrl.SetStyle([...]) Issue

I want to change the font of a RichTextControl in wxPython but I've encountered an issue that I can not figure out. Here is the relevant code:
import wx
import wx.richtext as rt
#....
codebox = rt.RichTextCtrl(self)
f = wx.Font(10, wx.TELETYPE, wx.NORMAL, wx.NORMAL)
s = wx.TextAttr(font = f)
codebox.SetStyle((0,0), s)
The last line is what throws an error. Specifically:
TypeError: in method 'RichTextCtrl_GetStyle',
expected argument 3 of type 'wxTextAttrEx &'
I based my code on stuff I found online, however I immediately recognized that my version of wxPython was different because the tuple I supplied as a range in SetStyle() was instead supplied as two different arguments, however when I imitated that setup the interpreter threw me an error and asked me to use a tuple.
Does anyone know where I'm going wrong? Or, of course, a workaround? Thanks.
s should be of type wx.TextAttrEx, not wx.TextAttr like you have done.
SetStyle(self, range, style)
Set the style for the text in range to style
Parameters:
range
(type=RichTextRange)
style
(type=TextAttrEx)

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