I have just started with Tkinter, so please do not judge me on this... I want to get the path to the csv file and then use it without terminating the program. The following code works, however, I exit the program:
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import filedialog
root = Tk()
root.title('ask and print path to file')
def get_path():
global path
path = filedialog.askopenfile(title = 'Select the .csv file with keywords', filetypes = (('csv files','*.csv'), ('All files', '*.*')))
path_button = Button(root, text = 'Select keywords', command = get_path)
path_button.pack()
button_quit = Button(root, text ='Exit', command = root.quit)
button_quit.pack(side = BOTTOM)
root.mainloop()
print(path.name)
The print statement here is just for simplicity (in reality I want to use pd.read_csv(path.name) to read the file, make some wrangling an then return changed file).
How to make the print(path.name) without exiting GUI on the background?
I would change the button command to a function which does all of the file code:
# update the button to call a different function
path_button = Button(root, text = 'Select keywords', command = handle_file)
# make a new function to handle everything
def handle_file():
path = get_path()
pd.read_csv(path.name)
# any other stuff
# change this function too, so that it returns a value to "handle_file* rather than setting a global variable
def get_path():
return filedialog.askopenfile(title = 'Select the .csv file with keywords', filetypes = (('csv files','*.csv'), ('All files', '*.*')))
This way you dont use global variables, and your code can perform stuff after you get the file. The essence of this is that you perform your processing code (pd.read_csv()) at the same time you get the path.
Related
I just started programming with Python and I'm trying to create a GUI using tkinter where it would ask the user to select a zip file and file destination to send it to after extracting. What I have noticed is that when a user re-enters a destination, it would still store the previous file directory as well. How do I prevent this?
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog
# Setting the window size
screenHeight = 450
screenWidth = 350
root = tk.Tk()
# get the location of the zip file
def input_dir():
input_filedir = filedialog.askopenfilename(initialdir='/', title='Select File',
filetypes=(("zip", "*.zip"), ("all files", "*.*")))
my_label.pack()
return input_filedir
# get location of destination for file
def output_dir():
output_filename = filedialog.askdirectory()
# Setting the canvas size to insert our frames
canvas = tk.Canvas(root, height=screenHeight, width=screenWidth)
canvas.pack()
# Setting the frame size to insert all our widgets
frame = tk.Frame(root, bg='#002060')
frame.place(relwidth=1, relheight=1)
# button to get user to chose file directory
openFile = tk.Button(frame, text='Choose the file path you want to extract', command=input_dir)
openFile.pack(side='top')
# button to get destination path
saveFile = tk.Button(frame, text="Chose the location to save the file", command=output_dir)
saveFile.pack(side='bottom')
extractButton = tk.Button(frame, text="Extract Now")
root.mainloop()
I have tried adding this line of code in the def input_dir function but it changed the positioning of the buttons. I'm still working on the code for extracting the zip.
for widget in frame.winfor_children():
if isinstance(widget, tk.Label):
widget.destroy()
The files/directories the user clicks are not saved really. Your variables input_filedir and output_filename are garbage collected when their respective functions are completed. If you are talking about how the dialog boxes go back to the most recent places opened in a dialog, that is not really something you can mess with too much. The easy answer is you can add the keyword 'initialdir' when you make the dialog to just pick where it goes like this:
output_filename = filedialog.askdirectory(initialdir='C:/This/sort/of/thing/')
The long answer is that filedialog.askdirectory actually creates an instance of filedialog.Directory and in that class, it saves that information for later in a method called _fixresult (but that method also does other things that are important.) You could overwrite this by doing something like this:
class MyDirectory(filedialog.Directory):
def _fixresult(self, widget, result):
"""
this is just a copy of filedialog.Directory._fixresult without
the part that saves the directory for next time
"""
if result:
# convert Tcl path objects to strings
try:
result = result.string
except AttributeError:
# it already is a string
pass
self.directory = result # compatibility
return result
def askdirectory (**options):
"Ask for a directory, and return the file name"
return MyDirectory(**options).show()
and then using your own askdirectory function instead of filedialog.askdirectory, but that is really convoluted so I recommend using initialdir instead if you can.
P.S. When a button is clicked, it calls the function you set after "command=" when you made the button; it seems you got that. But these functions are 'void', in that their return is just ignored. That is to say, the "return input_filedir" line does nothing.
Ive rewritten this for more context, in a logical order this is what i want the program to do
1 by pressing open file it needs to open a specified file and put it into the text widget (done)
2 by pressing the extract file it needs to extract something from a specified subtree(in an xml file)
3 export the extracted data to a text file
but lets go back to point nr 2 as i have not yet written the extractor(easy part) first i need to refference a file i want to edit, and that is where i run into my problem. inside extract it cant acess vars in openfile and i dont want to reopen the file again.
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import filedialog
import tkinter as tk
interface = tk.Tk()
interface.geometry("500x500")
interface.title("Text display")
def openfile():
filename = filedialog.askopenfilename()
print(filename)
file = open(filename)
txt = file.read()
print(txt)
T = tk.Text(interface, height=10, width=50)
T.insert(tk.END, txt)
T.grid(column=1, row=2)
return txt
def extract():
print(txt)
button = ttk.Button(interface, text="Open text File", command=openfile) # <------
button.grid(column=1, row=1)
buttonex = ttk.Button(interface, text="Extract subtitles", command=extract) # <------
buttonex.grid(column=2, row=1)
interface.mainloop()
NameError: name 'txt' is not defined (when i press extract)
As the edit of the initial questions shows that a GUI is planned I would suggest to move your TK widgets into an interface class as in the tkinter documentation. Further, if you plan to do more complex manipulations you should make an own class to hold your data resp. manipulate it.
import tkinter as tk
class App(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, master=None):
super().__init__(master)
self.pack()
self.create_widgets()
def create_widgets(self):
# Create your buttons and connect them to the methods
self.button_load = tk.Button(self)
self.button_load["command"] = self.loadTextFromFile()
self.button_load["text"] = "Load Data"
self.button_load.gird(column=1, row=1)
self.buttonex = tk.Button(self)
self.buttonex["text"] = "Extract subtitles"
self.buttonex["command"] = self.extract()
self.buttonex.grid(column=2, row=1)
# Create the text widget
self.text_widget = tk.Text(self, height=10, width=50)
self.text_widget.grid(column=1, row=2)
def loadTextFromFile(self):
filename = filedialog.askopenfilename()
print(filename)
try:
file = open(filename)
txt = file.read()
file.close()
self.text_widget.insert(tk.END, txt)
except Exception:
# If anything went wrong, close the file before reraising
file.close()
raise
def extract(self):
# Now you have access to self.text_widget and it holds your read in text
do_something(self.text_widget)
# Maybe at the following functions to make your file importable without directly executing it. Could come in handy later on.
def run():
# create the application
myapp = App()
#
# here are method calls to the window manager class
#
myapp.master.title("My Do-Nothing Application")
myapp.master.maxsize(1000, 400)
# start the program
myapp.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
run()
Have a look at the tkinter documentation for further examples: https://docs.python.org/3/library/tkinter.html
The additional if clause checks if your module is the main module and executes the run function. This defines an entry point if you directly run your module and prevents functions from execution at import time if you intend to import the module into another module. A more detailed explanation can be found here:
What does if __name__ == "__main__": do?
---------- Old Answer --------------
As pointed out in the comment you need to somehow return your local variables back to the calling function in order to be able to use them somewhere else. This could be achieved by a simple return statement:
def openfile():
""" It is the responsibility of the caller to close the return value """
filename = filedialog.askopenfilename()
print(filename)
try:
file = open(filename)
txt = file.read()
T = tk.Text(interface, height=10, width=50)
T.insert(tk.END, txt)
T.grid(column=1, row=2)
return file
except Exception:
# If anything went wrong, close the file before reraising
file.close()
raise
would for example return the open fileid for further manipulation. E.g.:
def extract():
with openfile() as file:
txtex = file.read()
print (txtex)
If your goal is howeer, to manipulate the file content and read it later you would need to save your manipulations back into the file otherwise your second read would not see the changes. Dont forget to close your file again.
I changed three lines where I believe to have come across typos:
From: self.button_load["command"] = self.loadTextFromFile() to: self.button_load["command"] = self.loadTextFromFile
From: self.button_load.gird(column=1, row=1) to: self.button_load.grid(column=1, row=1)
From: self.buttonex["command"] = self.extract() to: self.buttonex["command"] = self.extract
Thank you for this example!
Before a file is selected, the GUI will have a blank space where the file's name should be. After the file is selected, the GUI should update, and the name of the file selected should be displayed. I have made many different attempts at this, and the program does execute properly, however the name of the file is not displayed. I will show, as best I can, what the GUI should looke like before and after the file is selected
I have tried setting a StringVar() and having the label it is associated with update appropriately, however it has not worked so far. If I had to guess what was wrong, I would guess that the window ins't updating properly, but I am not sure.
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import StringVar
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import filedialog
#Wraps two functions inside an object which allows both functions to use filename#
class PDFSelector:
#Allows user to select PDF to use in program#
def select_PDF(self):
#Opens file directory to select a file, and shows both folders and PDF files only#
#This should be what changes lbl1a below to the name of the file selected)
self.filename = filedialog.askopenfilename(initialdir = "/", title = "Select file", filetypes = (("pdf files", "*.pdf"), ("all files", "*.*")))
file_name.set(self.filename)
window.update_idletasks()
window.update()
#----Main----#
#Creates an instance of the wrapped functions to use the GUI#
selector = PDFSelector()
#Creats the GUI that will be used to select inputs#
window = tk.Tk()
window.geometry("600x130")
window.title("Word Frequency Program")
window.resizable(0, 0)
#Just a simple label on the GUI#
#The name of the file should appear next to "File Selected" AFTER the file has been selected by the user
lbl1 = tk.Label(window, text = "File Selected: ")
lbl1.grid(row = 1, column = 1)
file_name = StringVar()
lbl1a = tk.Label(window, textvariable = file_name)
lbl1a.grid(row = 1, column = 2)
#Calls the select_PDF method to choose a PDF for the program to read#
button1 = ttk.Button(window, text = "Select File", command = selector.select_PDF)
button1.grid(row = 1, column = 4)
window.mainloop()
window.destroy()
GUI should display the name of the file
Apparently the code does work, however there is something on my end that does not display the updated name of the PDF selected. This is for anyone who finds this question in the future, that the code I wrote works.
I'm trying to show the filepath of an accessed file in an 'Entry' box in Tkinter. Because of the requirements of this task I have to define all the functions in one file, and all the Tkinter fields in another and import the functions into the Tkinter file.
I tried putting all the code in a single file to see if that was causing any issues, and it worked fine. The problem is the task requires that I use seperate .py files.
def open_file():
filePath = askopenfilename()
with open(filePath, 'rU') as anotherFile:
inputString = anotherFile.read()
filePathEntry.delete(0, END)
filePathEntry.insert(0, filePath)
And in the other file:
from AT3_Functions_v2 import *
main = Tk()
main.geometry("600x400")
openfile = Button(main, text="Open Scoresheet", command=open_file).grid(row=0, column=0)
filePathEntry = Entry(main)
filePathEntry.grid(row=0, column=1)
mainloop()
When I put both segments of code in a single file it works flawlessly, however when I seperate it again it gives me the error:
NameError: global name 'filePathEntry' is not defined
When you place all your code in one single file then your open_file function can find filePathEntry variable. But when you split the code in two script then open_file can not find filePathEntry because it is in different file.
To solve this then you need to pass an argument in your open_file function using lambda function then place pass filePathEntry variable from another file. I have done for you.
script_one.py
from tkinter import *
from script_two to import *
main = Tk()
main.geometry("600x400")
filePathEntry = Entry(main)
filePathEntry.grid(row=0, column=1)
openfile = Button(main, text="Open Scoresheet", command=lambda: (open_file(filePathEntry))).grid(row=0, column=0) # Passing arugument to open_file function which is in script_two.py
mainloop()
script_two.py
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import filedialog
def open_file(entry_box): # Passing argument to access filePathEntry variable from script_one.py
filePath = filedialog.askopenfilename()
with open(filePath, 'rU') as anotherFile:
inputString = anotherFile.read()
entry_box.delete(0, END)
entry_box.insert(0, filePath)
I am working on a tkinter interface for an assignment that opens a file, reads and modifies it, then outputs it to a new file. I have buttons that, when clicked, let the user browse their computer for the appropriate files. Those separate functions return the filename ("randomInputFile.txt").
My problem is that I have a third button that should take those two values and then use them in the reading/writing process. I'm not sure how to pass the input/output filenames as parameters to the read/write function.
Should I just pass the filenames as global variables within the respective function?
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename
from tkinter.filedialog import asksaveasfilename
def openGUI():
wn = Tk()
wn.title("Homework 10 - CSIS 153")
openFileButton = Button(wn, text="Open", command = openFile)
openFileButton.pack()
openFileButton.place(bordermode=OUTSIDE, height=90, width=90)
saveFileButton = Button(wn, text="Save to...", command = saveFile)
saveFileButton.pack()
saveFileButton.place(bordermode=OUTSIDE, height=90, width=90, x=110, )
executeButton = Button(wn, text="Run Program", command = splitSentences(****SOMETHING, SOMETHING****))
executeButton.pack()
executeButton.place(bordermode=OUTSIDE, height=90, width=123, x=40, y=115)
wn.mainloop()
def openFile():
inputFile = askopenfilename()
msg = "You are opening:\n\n" + str(inputFile)
messagebox.showinfo("File Location", msg)
return inputFile
def saveFile():
outputFile = asksaveasfilename()
return outputFile
def splitSentences(inFile, outFile):
with open(inFile) as myFile:
#etc etc
You can't return anything to a Button, so there's no use in those lines at the end of the functions. And yes, the easiest thing to do would be to make inputFile and outputFile global variables. Then, you also wouldn't need to pass them as an argument to splitSentences(), that function would just access them directly.
However, the better way to do it would be to make your GUI a class, and those variables as instance variables. You should also provide some way to disable the executeButton until you have values for the inputFile and outputFile variables, otherwise that function will throw an error.