Develop Reference

PYTHON Attribute Error while running this GUI

So, I'm following a tutorial on making a simple calculator, and I'm Getting an attribute error AttributeError:'_tkinter.tkapp' object has no attribute 'displayframe' , apparently, the attribute doesn't exist in the source code even if it has been defined? would be grateful if someone helped
from tkinter import *
SMALL_FONT_STYLE = "Arial 16"
LIGHT_GRAY = "#F5F5F5"
LABEL_COLOR = "#25265E"
LARGE_FONT_STYLE = "Arial 40 bold"
WHITE = "#FFFFFF"
class Calculator(Tk):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.geometry("375x677")
self.resizable(0,0)
self.title("Calculator")
self.total_expression = "0"
self.current_expression = "0"
self.total_label, self.label = self.create_display_labels()
self.digits = {7:(1,1), 8:(1,2), 9:(1,3), 4:(2,1), 5:(2,2), 6:(2,3), 1:(3,1),2:(3,2), 3:(3,3), 0:(4,2), '.':(4,1)}
self.create_digits_buttons()
self.display_frame = self.create_display_frame()
self.buttons_frame = self.create_buttons_frame()
def create_display_labels(self):
total_label = Label(self.display_frame, text=self.total_expression, anchor=E, bg=LIGHT_GRAY, fg=LABEL_COLOR, padx=24, font=SMALL_FONT_STYLE)
total_label.pack(expand=True, fill="both")
label = Label(self.display_frame, text=self.total_expression, anchor=E, bg=LIGHT_GRAY, fg=LABEL_COLOR, padx=24, font=LARGE_FONT_STYLE)
label.pack(expand=True, fill="both")
return total_label, label
def create_display_frame(self):
frame = Frame(self, height=221, bg=LIGHT_GRAY)
frame.pack(expand=True, fill="both")
return frame
def create_buttons_frame(self):
frame = Frame(self)
frame.pack(expand=TRUE, fill="both")
return frame
def create_digits_buttons(self):
for digit, grid_value in self.digits.items():
button = Button(self.buttons_frame, text= str(digit), bg=WHITE, fg=LABEL_COLOR)
button.grid(row = grid_value[0], column = grid_value[1], sticky=NSEW)
if __name__ == '__main__':
Calc = Calculator()
Calc.mainloop()```

This error is because you call self.create_display_labels() before calling self.create_display_frame(). You also call self.create_digits_buttons() before calling self.create_buttons_frame().
Move self.create_display_labels() and self.create_digits_buttons() below self.create_display_frame() and self.create_buttons_frame(). Here is what __init__() should look like:
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.geometry("375x677")
self.resizable(0,0)
self.title("Calculator")
self.total_expression = "0"
self.current_expression = "0"
self.digits = {7:(1,1), 8:(1,2), 9:(1,3), 4:(2,1), 5:(2,2), 6:(2,3), 1:(3,1),2:(3,2), 3:(3,3), 0:(4,2), '.':(4,1)}
self.display_frame = self.create_display_frame()
self.buttons_frame = self.create_buttons_frame()
self.create_digits_buttons() ### MOVED THIS LINE
self.total_label, self.label = self.create_display_labels() ### MOVED THIS LINE

I cant update labels in tkinter

I can't seem to update my money counter(var money) when its labeled, I have a button that's supposed to add 0.1 to moneyNum but the money counter doesn't change. I'm new to stack overflow and would appreciate any help.(btw sry if its REALLY messy)
from tkinter import *
import random
from time import sleep
root = Tk()
root.geometry('320x320')
#spacing
spacingTitle = Label(root, text=" \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n")
#title
title = Label(root, text=" \bGamblers Dream\b", font="Helvetica", fg="red")
titleWelcom = Label(root, text=" Welcom to...")
titleWelcom.grid()
title.grid()
#money counter
moneyNum = float(10.0)
money = Label(root, text="money:" + str(moneyNum), font="Helvetica")
money.grid(row=3, column=0)
#moneyClicker
def moneyButtonAdder():
global moneyNum
moneyNum = moneyNum + 0.1
moneyClicker = Button(root, text="click", fg="green", command=moneyButtonAdder)
moneyClicker.grid(row=14)
root.mainloop()

The problem is that once you create a label, you pass the string to it. Label displays the string, and:
changing a string object does not change the label text
changing the integer does not change the string - it lost the whole connection when the new string object was created
So everything is not as procedural as you would have hoped it is.
The solution - use StringVar objects and detect value changes - see this.
So, the solution is:
from tkinter import *
class Observed(object):
"""adapted copy from https://stackoverflow.com/a/6192298/10713244"""
def __init__(self):
self._observed = 10.0
self._observers = []
#property
def observed(self):
return self._observed
#observed.setter
def observed(self, value):
self._observed = value
for callback in self._observers:
print('announcing change')
callback(self._observed)
def bind_to(self, callback):
print('bound')
self._observers.append(callback)
class Observer(object):
def __init__(self, data):
self.text = ''
self.data = data
self.data.bind_to(self.update)
self.tkinter_init()
def update(self, observed):
self.text = 'float: '+str(data._observed)
self.tkinter_update()
def tkinter_init(self):
self.tk = Tk()
self.tvar = StringVar()
self.label = Label(textvariable=self.tvar)
self.label.pack()
def tkinter_update(self):
self.tvar.set(self.text)
if __name__ == '__main__':
data = Observed()
label = Observer(data)
print(label.text)
data.observed = 10.0
print(label.text)
def dec(): data.observed -= 0.1
Button(label.tk, text='decrease', command=dec).pack()
label.tk.mainloop()
Hope that's helpful!

OptionMenu changes on second function pass Tkinter Python 2.7

The problem I am having is that the function below works fine on the first pass with regards to displaying the chosen value at the top of the OptionMenu before the 'Enter' button is clicked:
First pass
However on a second pass and any future passes to the function the chosen value is not displayed at the top of the OptionMenu (although if selected it will be used) before the 'Enter' Button is pressed:
Second etc. passes
The code is:
def load_create_list(self):
self.app = Toplevel(self.parent)
self.parent.withdraw()
self.app.title("Rgs2")
self.student = []
self.student1=[]
self.gs1=0
self.ng1=0
options = ["2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7"]
self.results=[]
self.ngg=StringVar() #for the option menu widget the variable must be a stringVar not a normal string, int etc.
self.ng = Label(self.app, text="Number of groups")
self.ng.grid(row=2, column=0)
self.ngg.set("3")
self.ng1 = OptionMenu(self.app, self.ngg, *options)
self.ng1.grid(row=2, column=1, ipadx=10)
for i in range(0,len(self.x3)):
self.L1 = Label(self.app,text="Student")
self.L1.grid(row=i+4, column=0)
self.en = Entry(self.app)
self.en.insert(END, self.x3[i])
self.en.grid(row=i+4, column=1)
self.student.append(self.en)
self.el = int(len(self.student)+1)
for h in range(self.el,self.el+5):
self.L2 = Label(self.app,text="Student")
self.L2.grid(row=h+4, column=0)
self.em = Entry(self.app)
self.em.grid(row=h+4, column=1)
self.student.append(self.em)
button=Button(self.app,text="enter",command=lambda : self.hallo2()).grid(row=h+7,column=0)
button=Button(self.app,text="Save List",command=lambda : self.save_list2()).grid(row=h+7,column=1)
I have tried everything but can't understand what might be causing this issues. Any help would be gladly appreciated. Seems like very odd behaviour could it be something outside of the function that is causing the issue?
Full code is:
from Tkinter import *
from tkFileDialog import askopenfile
class main_menu:
def __init__(self, parent):
self.myParent = parent
self.myContainer1 = Frame(parent)
parent.title("Random Group Sorter")
self.myContainer1.pack()
self.button1 = Button(self.myContainer1, command = lambda : self.hope())
self.button1.configure(text="Create List", height = 1, width = 20, font=("Arial", 16))
self.button1.pack(side=TOP)
self.button1.focus_force()
self.button3 = Button(self.myContainer1, command = lambda : self.hope1())
self.button3.configure(text="Load List", height = 1, width = 20, font=("Arial", 16))
self.button3.pack(side=TOP)
self.button2 = Button(self.myContainer1, command = lambda : exit(), )
self.button2.configure(text="Exit",height = 1, width = 20, font=("Arial", 16))
self.button2.pack(side=TOP)
def hope(self):
self.myParent.destroy()
create_list()
def hope1(self):
self.myParent.destroy()
load_list()
class create_list():
def __init__(self):
parent = Tk()
self.parent=parent
self.student = []
self.student1 =[]
self.student2 =[]
self.fake_student = []
self.results=[]
self.ngg = StringVar()# for the option menu widget the variable must be a stringVar not a normal string, int etc.
self.ng = Label(text="Number of groups")
self.ng.grid(row=2, column=0)
self.ng = OptionMenu(parent, self.ngg, "2", "3", "4", "5","6")
self.ng.grid(row=2, column=1)
for i in range(3,21):
self.L1 = Label(text="Student")
self.L1.grid(sticky=E)
self.en = Entry(parent)
self.en.grid(row=i, column=1)
self.student.append(self.en)
button=Button(parent,text="Enter",command=lambda : self.hallo()).grid(row=23,column=0)
button=Button(parent,text="Save List",command=lambda : self.save_list()).grid(row=23,column=1)
parent.mainloop()
def hallo(self):
self.gs1 = int(len(self.student))
self.ng1 = int(self.ngg.get())# still need to use .get even though a stringvar
for entry in self.student:
self.student1.append(entry.get())
self.student1 = filter(None, self.student1)
for i in self.student1:# this is added as there are duplicate entries in the student list if saved
if i not in self.student2:
self.student2.append(i)
self.parent.destroy()
lis_an(self.student2,self.ng1)
def save_list(self):
for entry in self.student:
self.student1.append(entry.get())
self.student1 = filter(None, self.student1)
import tkFileDialog
root = Tk()
root.withdraw()
file_name = tkFileDialog.asksaveasfile(parent=root)
root.destroy()
print >>file_name, "\n"
print >>file_name, "\n".join(self.student1)
file_name.close()
class load_list:
def __init__(self):
self.x = []
self.x3 = []
self.load_clean()
self.root = Tk()
def load_clean(self):#option to load an already created file, cleans unwanted info from the list
import tkFileDialog
root = Tk()
root.withdraw()
file_name = tkFileDialog.askopenfile(parent=root)
root.destroy()
self.x = file_name.readlines()
file_name.close()
x2 =self.x[:]
for z in self.x:
if z [0:6]== "Random" or z == '\n' or z[0:5] == "Group":
x2.remove(z)
for c in range (0,len(x2)):
v = x2[c].rstrip()# this strip spaces and \n from each list item and returns the cleaned up string
self.x3.append(v)
self.load_create_list()
def load_create_list(self):
parent = Tk()
self.parent=parent
self.student = []
self.student1=[]
self.gs1=0
self.ng1=0
self.results=[]
self.ngg = StringVar()# for the option menu widget the variable must be a stringVar not a normal string, int etc.
self.ng = Label(text="Number of groups")
self.ng.grid(row=2, column=0)
self.ng = OptionMenu(parent, self.ngg, "2", "3", "4", "5", "6")
self.ng.grid(row=2, column=1)
for i in range(0,len(self.x3)):
self.L1 = Label(text="Student")
self.L1.grid(row=i+3, column=0)
self.en = Entry(parent)
self.en.insert(END, self.x3[i])
self.en.grid(row=i+3, column=1)
self.student.append(self.en)
self.el = int(len(self.student)+1)
for h in range(self.el,self.el+5):
self.L2 = Label(text="Student")
self.L2.grid(row=h+3, column=0)
self.em = Entry(parent)
self.em.grid(row=h+3, column=1)
self.student.append(self.em)
button=Button(parent,text="enter",command=lambda : self.hallo2()).grid(row=h+6,column=0)
button=Button(parent,text="Save List",command=lambda : self.save_list2()).grid(row=h+6,column=1)
parent.mainloop()
def hallo2(self):
self.student2= []
self.gs1 = int(len(self.student))
self.ng1 = int(self.ngg.get())# still need to use .get even though a stringvar
for entry in self.student:
self.student1.append(entry.get())
self.student1 = filter(None, self.student1)
for i in self.student1:# this is added as there are duplicate entries in the student list if saved
if i not in self.student2:
self.student2.append(i)
self.parent.destroy()
lis_an(self.student2,self.ng1)
def save_list2(self):
for entry in self.student:
self.student1.append(entry.get())
self.student1 = filter(None, self.student1)
import tkFileDialog
root = Tk()
root.withdraw()
file_name = tkFileDialog.asksaveasfile(parent=root)
root.destroy()
print >>file_name, "\n"
print >>file_name, "\n".join(self.student1)
file_name.close()
class lis_an:
def __init__(self,student1,ng1):
self.student1 = student1
self.ng1=ng1
self.results = []
self.randomList()
def randomList(self): # this creates a random list of students on the course
import random
studentb = self.student1[:]# this is added as otherwise the student list is overwritten
studentc = []
for i in range(len(studentb)):
element = random.choice(studentb)
studentb.remove(element)
studentc.append(element)
self.student1 = studentc
self.partition()
def partition(self): # this creates sub list of the student list containing the groups of students
increment = len(self.student1) / float(self.ng1)
last = 0
i = 1
while last < len(self.student1):
idx = int(round(increment * i))
self.results.append(self.student1[last:idx])
last = idx
i += 1
output(self.results, self.ng1)
class output:
def __init__(self, student, ng1):
self.ng1 = ng1
self.student = student
self.parent = Tk()
for item1 in range (0,len(self.student)):
test1 = "Group " + str(item1+1)+ ":"
v = Label(self.parent, text=test1, font=("Arial", 13))
test = "\n".join(self.student[item1])
w = Label(self.parent, text=test, justify = LEFT, font=("Arial", 12))
v.pack(side="top", anchor="w")
w.pack(side="top", anchor="w")
button=Button(self.parent,text="Repeat",command=lambda : self.join_list()).pack(side="top", anchor="w")
button=Button(self.parent,text="Main Menu",command=lambda : self.menu_link()).pack(side="top", anchor="w")
mainloop()
def join_list(self):#this function creates a new undivided version of student to feed back to lis_an
self.parent.destroy()
self.student = [j for i in self.student for j in i]
lis_an(self.student,self.ng1)
def menu_link(self):#destroys the parent frame and returns back to main menu
self.parent.destroy()
main()
def main():
parent = Tk()
myapp = main_menu(parent)
parent.mainloop()
main()
Very Simple solution to this problem. I was not defining self.ngg as a StringVar in the parent widget so:
self.ngg = StringVar()
Would cause the error, and
self.ngg = StringVar(self.app)
Solves the problem. Not quite sure why this would occur on the second and subsequent uses of the function but not the first.

Python: retrieve objects's value from a class object

Here is my problem, I'm creating a Tkinter GUI
and in a class object I call for a text tipped in a textfield and make an array of it
But I can't find how to retrieve and use this object later on in the script.
Here my script
import pandas as pd
from pandas import *
import numpy as np
import Tkinter
from Tkinter import *
from pylab import *
from ttk import *
import ScrolledText
df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randint(100, 500, size = (10, 20)), index = list('abcdefghij'))
mylist = df.index.values.tolist()
rootWin = Tkinter.Tk()
class GraphGUI():
def __init__(self, rootWin):
self.textfield = ScrolledText.ScrolledText(rootWin, width=30, height=10)
#Add some text:
self.textfield.insert(INSERT, "Replace")
self.textfield.grid(column=0, row=4)
self.button = Button(rootWin, text="Process!", command=self.clicked)
self.button.grid(column=1, row=4)
def clicked(self):
eText = self.textfield.get('1.0', END)
converted = eText.encode('ascii','ignore')
myarray = converted.splitlines()
print(myarray)
def clicked2():
print(clicked.myarray)
start = Tkinter.Button(rootWin, text="start!", command=clicked2).grid(column=7, row=8)
app = GraphGUI( rootWin )
rootWin.mainloop()
The problem is when I click on the process Button no problem myarray get printed.
But when I use the start button I can't retrieve it.
Is there a way to retrieve myarray out of the Class object?
Also Is it possible to print myarray with the Start button without having to use the Process button first?
##### EDIT
Here the final working script thanks to the help
class GraphGUI():
def __init__(self, rootWin):
self.textfield = ScrolledText.ScrolledText(rootWin, width=30, height=10)
#Add some text:
self.textfield.insert(INSERT, "Replace by your Accession list")
self.textfield.grid(column=6, row=4)
self.button = Button(rootWin, text="Process!", command=self.clicked)
self.button.grid(column=7, row=4)
#property
def myarray(self):
e_Text = self.textfield.get('1.0', END)
converted = e_Text.encode('ascii','ignore')
return converted.splitlines()
def clicked(self):
print(self.myarray)
print(variablea.get()) #not defined here#
print(variableb.get())
def clicked2():
print(app.myarray)
start = Tkinter.Button(rootWin, text="start!", command=clicked2).grid(column=7, row=10)

Looks like you're trying to access a local variable of an object method. That's not possible. If you need it, try defining it as its own callback instead.
class GraphGUI():
def __init__(self, rootWin):
self.textfield = ScrolledText.ScrolledText(rootWin,
width=30,
height=10)
# Add some text:
self.textfield.insert(INSERT, "Replace")
self.textfield.grid(column=0, row=4)
self.button = Button(rootWin, text="Process!", command=self.clicked)
self.button.grid(column=1, row=4)
def clicked(self):
eText = self.textfield.get('1.0', END)
converted = eText.encode('ascii', 'ignore')
myarray = converted.splitlines()
return myarray
rootWin = Tkinter.Tk()
app = GraphGUI(rootWin)
start = Tkinter.Button(rootWin, text="start!", command=app.clicked)
start.grid(column=7, row=8) # your code assigned `start = None` btw
rootWin.mainloop()
Alternatively, myarray could just be defined as a property of the class.
class GraphGUI():
...
#property
def myarray(self):
e_txt = self.textfield.get('1.0', END)
converted = e_txt.encode('ascii', 'ignore')
return converted.splitlines()
def clicked(self):
print(self.myarray)
# do whatever else it has to do
rootWin = Tkinter.Tk()
start = Tkinter.Button(rootWin, text="Start!",
command=lambda: app.myarray)
...

You are trying to access a local variable in the method of an object, which you simply cannot do.
What you can do is that that other method return the object, or you can convert that local variable into an instance variable.
The simplest solution is to have the function return the data that you want:
class GraphGUI():
...
def clicked(self):
...
return myarray
def clicked2():
myarray = app.clicked()
print("myarray:", myarray)

Get variables from Entry PYTHON 3

so I'm coding this GUI-program (using tkinter) and I'm using three Entryboxes in the same function. I wanna use their values in the main function, so how do I get the values into some kind of global variable or in a way that I can use them in a different function?
def options():
options_root = Tk()
textFrame = Frame(options_root)
textFrame.grid()
widthlabel = Label(textFrame, text="w:", justify=LEFT)
widthlabel.grid(column="0", row="0")
widthinput = Entry(textFrame)
widthinput.grid(column="1", row="0")
heightlabel = Label(textFrame, text="h:", justify=LEFT)
heightlabel.grid(column="0", row="1")
heightinput = Entry(textFrame)
heightinput.grid(column="1", row="1")
mlabel = Label(textFrame, text="m:", justify=LEFT)
mlabel.grid(column="0", row="2")
minput = Entry(textFrame)
minput.grid(column="1", row="2")
width = widthinput.get()
height = heightinput.get()
m = minput.get()
start_game_button = Button(options_root, text="Start", justify=LEFT, command=lambda:tabort(options_root))
start_game_button.grid(column="0",row="3")
exit_button = Button(options_root, text = "Exit", justify=LEFT, command=exit)
exit_button.grid(column="1", row="3")
mainloop()
def main():
options()
w = widthinput.get()
h = heightinput.get()
m = minput.get()
main()

Keep a reference to the widgets, then use the get() method. This becomes much easier if you design your application as a class:
import tkinter as tk
class SampleApp(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, ...):
...
self.width_entry = tk.Entry(...)
self.height_entry = tk.Entry(...)
self.minput_entry = tk.Entry(...)
...
def main(...):
w = self.width_entry.get()
h = self.height_entry.get()
m = self.input_entry.get()
...
...
app = SampleApp()
app.mainloop()