Develop Reference

how to avoid searching a folder

how do I avoid searching a folder? This script goes through every folder a searches it for your file, how do I avoid searching Applications? or only search the folders I tell it to. I've been trying for at least 3 hours
from PIL import Image
user_path = ("/Users/" + getpass.getuser())
FileName = input("file name, please, including the exsention: ")
print("working?")
for folder, sub_folder, files in os.walk(user_path):
print(f"folder is {folder}")
for sub_fold in sub_folder:
print(f"sub folder is {sub_fold}")
for f in files:
print(f"file: {f}")
if FileName == f:
print("file found")
print(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(root, name)))

Create array with folders excluded.
When loops entering into folder check is that folder name are in array created above. If it is just ignore.

I made a sample code. Please check and respond to me.
import os
ext = ["a", "b", "c"] # I assume these are unnecessary folders.
for folder, sub_folder, files in os.walk(user_path):
print(f"folder is {folder}")
for sub_fold in sub_folder:
if sub_fold in ext:
continue
else:
print(f"sub folder is {sub_fold}")
for f in files:
print(f"file: {f}")
if FileName == f:
print("file found")
print(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(root, name)))

os.walk walks the entire directory tree, presenting the current directory, its immediate subfolders and its immediate files on each iteration. As long as you are walking top-down (the default) you can stop a subfolder from being iterated by removing it from the folders list. In this example, I made the blacklist a canned list in the source, but you could prompt for it if you'd like. On each folder iteration all you need to do is see if the wanted filename is in the list of file names in that iteration.
from PIL import Image
import getpass
import os
# blacklist folders paths relative to user_path
blacklist = ["Applications", "Downloads"]
# get user root and fix blacklist
# user_path = ("/Users/" + getpass.getuser())
user_path = os.path.expanduser("~")
blacklist = [os.path.join(user_path, name) for name in blacklist]
FileName = input("file name, please, including the exsention: ")
print("working?")
for folder, sub_folders, files in os.walk(user_path):
# eliminate top level folders and their subfolders with inplace
# remove of subfolders
if folder in blacklist:
del sub_folders[:]
continue
# in-place remove of blacklisted folders below top level
for sub_folder in sub_folders[:]:
if os.path.join(folder, sub_folder) in blacklist:
sub_folders.remove(sub_folder)
if FileName in files:
print("file found")
print(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(folder, FileName)))

python how to collect a specific file from a list of folders and save

I have many folders in a master folder as given below. Each folder contains a .JPG file. I would like to extract all these files and store them in this master folder.
Inside each folder
My present code:
import os
import glob
os.chdir('Master folder')
extension = 'JPG'
jpg_files= [i for i in glob.glob('*.{}'.format(extension))]
This did not work.

To find the images in your tree, I would use os.walk. Below you can find a complete example to 'find and move' function that move all the files to your given path, and create a new filename for duplicate filenames.
The simple 'find and replace' function will also check with function add_index_to_filepath whether or not the file already exists, add an index (n) to the path. For example: if image.jpg would exists, it turns the next one into turn into image (1).jpg and the following one into image (2).jpg and so on.
import os
import re
import shutil
def add_index_to_filepath(path):
'''
Check if a file exists, and append '(n)' if true.
'''
# If the past exists, go adjust it
if os.path.exists(path):
# pull apart your path and filenames
folder, file = os.path.split(path)
filename, extension = os.path.splitext(file)
# discover the current index, and correct filename
try:
regex = re.compile(r'\(([0-9]*)\)$')
findex = regex.findall(filename)[0]
filename = regex.sub('({})'.format(int(findex) + 1), filename)
except IndexError:
filename = filename + ' (1)'
# Glue your path back together.
new_path = os.path.join(folder, '{}{}'.format(filename, extension))
# Recursivly call your function, go keep verifying if it exists.
return add_index_to_filepath(new_path)
return path
def find_and_move_files(path, extension_list):
'''
Walk through a given path and move the files from the sub-dir to the path.
Upper-and lower-case are ignored. Duplicates get a new filename.
'''
files_moved = []
# First walk through the path, to list all files.
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path, topdown=False):
for file in files:
# Is your extension wanted?
extension = os.path.splitext(file)[-1].lower()
if extension in extension_list:
# Perpare your old an new path, and move
old_path = os.path.join(root, file)
new_path = add_index_to_filepath(os.path.join(path, file))
if new_path in files_moved:
shutil.move(old_path, new_path)
# Lets keep track of what we moved to return it in the end
files_moved.append(new_path)
return files_moved
path = '.' # your filepath for the master-folder
extensions = ['.jpg', '.jpeg'] # There are some variations of a jpeg-file extension.
found_files = find_and_move_files(path, extensions)

function which make new file inside new directory python, i get the error that the system cannot find the path specified:'Python programs'

import os
def new_directory(directory, filename):
# Before creating a new directory, check to see if it already exists
if not os.path.exists(directory):
os.mkdir(directory)
os.chdir(directory)
file=open(filename,'w')
file.close()
else:
os.chdir(directory)
file=open(filename,'w')
file.close()
# Return the list of files in the new directory
return os.listdir(directory)
print(new_directory("PythonPrograms", "script.py"))

After making or finding the existing directory you os.chdir to that directory. Now your current directory is ./PythonPrograms. Later, when you os.listdir(directory), you've already changed into that directory and are looking for ./PythonPrograms/PythonPrograms which doesn't exist.
It is rarely a good idea to os.chdir - this type of mistake is too easy to make. Instead, just keep longer path names. I reworked the code a bit so that code in the if/else isn't repeated:
import os
def new_directory(directory, filename):
# Before creating a new directory, check to see if it already exists
if not os.path.exists(directory):
os.mkdir(directory)
filepath = os.path.join(directory, filename)
with open(filepath,'w') as file:
pass
# Return the list of files in the new directory
return os.listdir(directory)
print(new_directory("PythonPrograms", "script.py"))

removing substrings from subdirectory names using values held in list

I have a parent directory that contains a lot of subdirectories. I want to create a script that loops through all of the subdirectories and removes any key words that I have specified in the list variable.
I am not entirely sure how to acheive this.
Currently I have this:
import os
directory = next(os.walk('.'))[1]
stringstoremove = ['string1','string2','string3','string4','string5']
for folders in directory:
os.rename
And maybe this type of logic to check to see if the string exists within the subdirectory name:
if any(words in inputstring for words in stringstoremove):
print ("TRUE")
else:
print ("FALSE")
Trying my best to to deconstruct the task, but I'm going round in circles now
Thanks guys

Startng from your existing code:
import os
directory = next(os.walk('.'))[1]
stringstoremove = ['string1','string2','string3','string4','string5']
for folder in directory :
new_folder = folder
for r in stringstoremove :
new_folder = new_folder.replace( r, '')
if folder != new_folder : # don't rename if it's the same
os.rename( folder, new_folder )

If you want to rename those sub directories which match in your stringstoremove list then following script will be helpful.
import os
import re
path = "./" # parent directory path
sub_dirs = os.listdir(path)
stringstoremove = ['string1','string2','string3','string4','string5']
for directory_name in sub_dirs:
if os.path.isdir(path + directory):
for string in stringstoremove:
if string in directory_name:
try:
new_name = re.sub(string, "", directory_name)
os.rename(path + directory, path + new_name) # rename this directory
except Exception as e:
print (e)

Python - how to change directory

I am doing a school assignment where I have to take input from a user and save it to a text file.
My file structure will be something like:
- Customer register
- Customer ID
- .txt files 1-5
It can be saved in the python folder and I can make the folders like this:
os.makedirs("Customer register/Customer ID")
My question is, how do I set the path the text files are to be stored in, in the directory when I don't know the directory? So that no matter where the program is run it is saved in the "Customer ID" folder I create (but on the computer the program is run on)?
Also, how do I make this work on both windows and mac?
I also want to program to be able to be executed several times, and check if the folder is there and save to the "Customer ID" folder if it already exists. Is there a way to do that?
EDIT:
This is the code I am trying to use:
try:
dirs = os.makedirs("Folder")
path = os.getcwd()
os.chdir(path + "/Folder")
print (os.getcwd())
except:
if os.path.exists:
path = os.getcwd()
unique_filename = str(uuid.uuid4())
customerpath = os.getcwd()
os.chdir(customerpath + "/Folder/" + unique_filename)
I am able to create a folder and change the directory (everything in "try" works as I want).
When this folder is created I want to create a second folder with a random generated folder name (used for saving customer files). I can't get this to work in the same way.
Error:
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] The system cannot find the file specified: 'C:\Users\48736\PycharmProjects\tina/Folder/979b9026-b2f6-4526-a17a-3b53384f60c4'
EDIT 2:
try:
os.makedirs("Folder")
path = os.getcwd()
os.chdir(path + "/Folder")
print (os.getcwd())
except:
if os.path.exists:
path = os.getcwd()
os.chdir(os.path.join(path, 'Folder'))
print(os.getcwd())
def userId(folderid):
try:
if not os.path.exists(folderid):
os.makedirs(folderid)
except:
if os.path.exists(folderid):
os.chdir(path + "/Folder/" + folderid)
userId(str(uuid.uuid4()))
print(os.getcwd())
So I can now create a folder, change directory to the folder I have created and create a new folder with a unique filename within that folder.
But I can't change the directory again to the folder with the unique filename.
Any suggestions?
I have tried:
os.chdir(path + "/Folder/" + folderid)
os.chdir(path, 'Folder', folderid)
os.chdir(os.path.join(path, 'Folder', folderid))
But is still just stays in: C:\Users\47896\PycharmProjects\tina\Folder

You can use relative paths in your create directory command, i.e.
os.makedirs("./Customer register/Customer ID")
to create folder in project root (=where the primary caller is located) or
os.makedirs("../Customer register/Customer ID") in parent directory.
You can, of course, traverse the files tree as you need.
For specific options mentioned in your question, please, see makedirs documentation at Python 3 docs

here is solution
import os
import shutil
import uuid
path_on_system = os.getcwd() # directory where you want to save data
path = r'Folder' # your working directory
dir_path = os.path.join(path_on_system, path)
if not os.path.exists(dir_path):
os.makedirs(dir_path)
file_name = str(uuid.uuid4()) # file which you have created
if os.path.exists(file_name) and os.path.exists(dir_path):
shutil.move(file_name,os.path.join(dir_path,file_name))
else:
print(" {} does not exist".format(file_name))