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I am trying to make code that breaks a password that I create, at first I got it to just make random answers to the password I created and eventually I would get the right one.
But I realized that if I could change the first letter of my answer and then when I had done all of the letters, change the second letter.
Ex: AA AB AC ... AY AZ BA BB BC.
I understand that I could make a loop to print every single letter, but how would I be able to change the first letter after I have gone through every letter.
I also need this to be able to break a password of any length so the loop would have to be able to change how many letters I need. I also need to get rid of the brackets and quotes in the output.
lower_upper_alphabet = ['a','b','c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z']
while done == 0:
for i in range (int(passwordlen)):
for i in range(52):
for i in range(len(lower_upper_alphabet)):
characters2 = []
characters2.append(str(lower_upper_alphabet[next1]))
next1 += 1
print(characters2)
Output:
["A"]
["B"]
["C"]
["D"]
["E"]
["F"]
["G"]
["H"]
["I"]
["J"]
["K"]
["L"]
["M"]
["N"]
["O"]
["P"]
["Q"]
["R"]
["S"]
["T"]
["U"]
["V"]
["W"]
["X"]
["Y"]
["Z"]
I am trying to print a python list using join after it has randomly selected a specified amount of characters. What I want is for it to print all characters beside each other instead of printing each character on a separate line. Everything works fine up until my for statement, if I print out password_letters it will print (on separate lines) the specified amount based on nr_letters. All I want is to join/concatenate the specified letters onto one line. I have followed the documentation on here and some on google, but I still can't find where I have gone wrong.
Please help me find where I have gone wrong in the below code:
import random
letters = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z']
nr_letters= int(input("How many letters would you like in your password?\n"))
password_letters = random.sample(letters, nr_letters )
for letter in password_letters:
print("".join(letter))
No need for a loop, just join the list.
print("".join(password_letters))
I want to write a really short script that will help me generate a random/nonsense word with the following qualities:
-Has 8 letters
-First letter is "A"
-Second and Fourth letters are random letters
-Fifth letter is a vowel
-Sixth and Seventh letters are random letters and are the same
-Eighth letter is a vowel that's not "a"
This is what I have tried so far (using all the info I could find and understand online)
firsts = 'A'
seconds = ['a','b','c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']
thirds = ['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'y']
fourths = ['a','b','c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']
fifths = ['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'y']
sixths = sevenths = ['a','b','c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']
eighths = ['e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'y']
print [''.join(first, second, third, fourth, fifth)
for first in firsts
for second in seconds
for third in thirds
for fourth in fourths
for fifth in fifths
for sixth in sixths
for seventh in sevenths
for eighth in eighths]
However it keeps showing a SyntaxError: invalid syntax after the for and now I have absolutely no idea how to make this work. If possible please look into this for me, thank you so much!
So the magic function you need to know about to pick a random letter is random.choice. You can pass a list into this function and it will give you a random element from that list. It also works with strings because strings are basically a list of chars. Also to make your life easier, use string module. string.ascii_lowercase returns all the letters from a to z in a string so you don't have to type it out. Lastly, you don't use loops to join strings together. Keep it simple. You can just add them together.
import string
from random import choice
first = 'A'
second = choice(string.ascii_lowercase)
third = choice(string.ascii_lowercase)
fourth = choice(string.ascii_lowercase)
fifth = choice("aeiou")
sixthSeventh = choice(string.ascii_lowercase)
eighth = choice("eiou")
word = first + second + third + fourth + fifth + sixthSeventh + sixthSeventh + eighth
print(word)
Try this:
import random
sixth=random.choice(sixths)
s='A'+random.choice(seconds)+random.choice(thirds)+random.choice(fourths)+random.choice(fifths)+sixth+sixth+random.choice(eighths)
print(s)
Output:
Awixonno
Ahiwojjy
etc
There are several things to consider. First, the str.join() method takes in an iterable (e.g. a list), not a bunch of individual elements. Doing
''.join([first, second, third, fourth, fifth])
fixes the program in this respect. If you are using Python 3, print() is a function, and so you should add parentheses around the entire list comprehension.
With the syntax out of the way, let's get to a more interesting problem: Your program constructs every (82255680 !) possible word. This takes a long time and memory. What you want is probably to just pick one. You can of course do this by first constructing all, then picking one at random. It's far cheaper though to pick one letter from each of firsts, seconds, etc. at random and then collecting these. All together then:
import random
firsts = ['A']
seconds = ['a','b','c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']
thirds = ['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'y']
fourths = ['a','b','c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']
fifths = ['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'y']
sixths = sevenths = ['a','b','c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']
eighths = ['e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'y']
result = ''.join([
random.choice(firsts),
random.choice(seconds),
random.choice(thirds),
random.choice(fourths),
random.choice(fifths),
random.choice(sixths),
random.choice(sevenths),
random.choice(eighths),
])
print(result)
To improve the code from here, try to:
Find a way to generate the "data" in a neater way than writing it out explicitly. As an example:
import string
seconds = list(string.ascii_lowercase) # you don't even need list()!
Instead of having a separate variable firsts, seconds, etc., collect these into a single variable, e.g. a single list containing each original list as a single str with all characters included.
This will implement what you describe. You can make the code neater by putting the choices into an overall list rather than have several different variables, but you will have to explicitly deal with the fact that the sixth and seventh letters are the same; they will not be guaranteed to be the same simply because there are the same choices available for each of them.
The list choices_list could contain sub-lists per your original code, but as you are choosing single characters it will work equally with strings when using random.choice and this also makes the code a bit neater.
import random
choices_list = [
'A',
'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz',
'aeiouy',
'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz',
'aeiouy',
'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz',
'eiouy'
]
letters = [random.choice(choices) for choices in choices_list]
word = ''.join(letters[:6] + letters[5:]) # here the 6th letter gets repeated
print(word)
Some example outputs:
Alaeovve
Aievellu
Ategiwwo
Aeuzykko
Here's the syntax fix:
print(["".join([first, second, third])
for first in firsts
for second in seconds
for third in thirds])
This method might take up a lot of memory.
If I make list for e.g.
lst=['a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','n','o','p','q','s','t','u','v','w','x','y','z']
I want a user to select input only from this given list
def select():
select=''
while guess not in ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']:
guess=input("select a letter? ")
return (select)
We can use this method but is there any other method so instead of putting the whole list we can put variable assign to that list
You need a while loop to ask the user get input till the input is valid like below:
In [1]: valid_input_lst=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i',
...: 'j', 'k', 'l', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 's', 't',
...: 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']
In [2]:
In [2]: input_char = None
In [4]: while True:
...: print("Input:")
...: input_char = input()
...: if input_char in valid_input_lst:
...: break
...: print("The input is not valid..\n. It should be one of :{}".format(valid_input_lst))
...:
Input:
sy
The input is not valid..
. It should be one of :['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']
Input:
x
You probably want something like this:
char = input('Enter a character')
if char not in list:
print("not a valid character")
You can't deny the user from entering anything, you should write software that knows how to handle the possible input.
get inquirer using pip:
pip install inquirer
here is an example
import inquirer
options = [
inquirer.List("option",
message="Select an option ",
choices=["A","B","C","D"],
),
]
select = inquirer.prompt(options)
#you can print option using 'select' variable
This question already has answers here:
Closed 10 years ago.
Possible Duplicate:
item frequency count in python
Quick question
How do you find how many times a word appears in an array?
I have an array that has around 5000 words of text, and i want to find how many times the word "help" appears in the array. How do i do this?
the array is stored in x, so my code looks like this:
x = [...]
word = "help"
and then i dont know what to put to get the number of times "help" appears in x
thank you for any help!
>>> import collections
>>> print collections.Counter(['a', 'word', 'is', 'a', 'thing', 'that', 'is', 'countable'])
Counter({'a': 2, 'is': 2, 'word': 1, 'that': 1, 'countable': 1, 'thing': 1})
This is 2.7+, a Counter.
Based on your edit, where each element in the list is a letter instead of the full word, then:
>>> import re
>>> letters =
['i', 'n', 'e', 'e', 'd', 's', 'o', 'm', 'e', 'h', 'e', 'l', 'p', 'h', 'e', 'l', 'p', 'm', 'e', 'p', 'l', 'e', 'a', 's', 'e', 'I', 'n', 'e', 'e', 'd', 'h', 'e', 'l', 'p']
>>> len(re.findall('help', "".join(letters)))
3
As #sberry has depicted, Counter would server the purpose, but in case you are only searching a single word once and not interested to get the occurrence of all the words, you can use a simpler tool for the purpose
(I have taken the example from sberry)
Given a list of words to find the occurrence of any given words, you can use the count method of the list
>>> list_of_words=['a', 'word', 'is', 'a', 'thing', 'that', 'is', 'countable']
>>> list_of_words.count('is')
2
As your comments have shown you may be interested to search on a list of characters. Such as
letters =
['i', 'n', 'e', 'e', 'd', 's', 'o', 'm', 'e', 'h', 'e', 'l', 'p', 'h', 'e', 'l', 'p', 'm', 'e', 'p', 'l', 'e', 'a', 's', 'e', 'I', 'n', 'e', 'e', 'd', 'h', 'e', 'l', 'p']
You can also use the count on the string after is generated by concatenating all the characters
>>> ''.join(letters).count('help')
3
In case the words are jumbled, collections.Counter ad do magic here
>>> def count_words_in_jumbled(jumbled,word):
jumbled_counter = collections.Counter(jumbled)
word_counter = collections.Counter(word)
return min(v /word_counter[k] for k,v in jumbled_counter.iteritems() if k in word)
>>> count_words_in_jumbled(['h','e','l','l','h','e','l','l','h','e','l'],'hel')
3
>>> count_words_in_jumbled(['h','e','l','l','h','e','l','l','h','e','l'],'hell')
2
>>> count_words_in_jumbled(['h','x','e','y','l','u','p'] ,'help')
1
nhelps = len(''.join(charlist).split('help')[1:]