Develop Reference

How to get the full path of a file in python including the subdirectory?

I tried every method, but it simply doesn't work. I have a file that is within a subdirectory and that subdirectory lies within a directory. Calling something like
os.path.abspath(__file__))
only yields
directory\\file
but I need
directory\\subdirectory\\file
There should be an easy way to do this, right? I have no idea why abspath doesn't recognize the subdirectory.

from pathlib import Path
my_path = Path("my_file.txt")
full_path = Path.resolve()
Then you can convert full_path to a string if you need it as such.

You should look at the pathlib module

Rename Single .txt File In Multiple Subdirectories

I have ~60 subdirectories in a single directory. Each of these contain thousands of files, but they all contain a file named test_all_results.txt.
What I would like to do is to rename each test_all_results.txt file so that it now has the name:
foldername_all_results.txt
What is the best way to do this?

Easily accomplished using Python os interface.
Assuming you are currently in the main directory:
import os
#get a list of all sub directories
subdir = os.listdir()
for dir in subdir:
if os.path.isdir(dir): #check if directory
os.chdir(dir) #move to sub directory
os.rename('test_all_results.txt', 'foldername_all_results.txt')
os.chdir('..') #return to main directory

Using python in Linux, make this:
import os
os.system("mv old_name.txt new_name.txt")
You can automatize with a loop, renaming all filenames.

You can do:
(change your code accordingly)
import os
# current directory is the target
direct = "."
for path, dirs, files in os.walk(direct):
for f in files:
if os.path.splitext(f)[0] == "test_all_results.txt":
os.rename(os.path.join(path, f), os.path.join(path, "foldername_all_results.txt"))

There's an answer that tells you to use the os.system() method, if you do decide to call Linux commands from Python, I'd advise that you use the subprocess module instead.
Here's how you'd run the mv command with two arguments using subprocess.call:
import subprocess
subprocess.call(["mv", "filename.txt", "new-name.txt"])
INFO: here's an old (but relevant) article that explains why it's dangerous to use these methods.
Good luck.

How can I delete multiple files using a Python script?

I am playing around with some python scripts and I ran into a problem with the script I'm writing. It's supposed to find all the files in a folder that meets the criteria and then delete it. However, it finds the files, but at the time of deleting the file, it says that the file is not found.
This is my code:
import os
for filename in os.listdir('C:\\New folder\\'):
if filename.endswith(".rdp"):
os.unlink(filename)
And this is the error I get after running it:
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] The system cannot find the file specified:
Can somebody assist with this?

os.unlink takes the path to the file, not only its filename. Try pre-pending your filename with the dirname. Like this
import os
dirname = 'C:\\New folder\\'
for filename in os.listdir(dirname):
if filename.endswith(".rdp"):
# Add your "dirname" to the file path
os.unlink(dirname + filename)

You could alternatively use os.walk, however it might go deeper than you want:
import os
for root, sub, file in os.walk("/media/"):
if file.endswith(".rdp"):
os.unlink(f'{root}/{file}')

How do I make the current folder path to work for my command

I'm new to Python and really want this command to work so I have been looking around on google but I still can't find any solution. I'm trying to make a script that deletes a folder inside the folder my Blender game are inside so i have been trying out those commands:
import shutil
from bge import logic
path = bge.logic.expandPath("//")
shutil.rmtree.path+("/killme") # remove dir and all contains
The Folder i want to delete is called "killme" and I know you can just do: shutil.rmtree(Path)
but I want the path to start at the folder that the game is in and not the full C:/programs/blabla/blabla/test/killme path.
Happy if someone could explain.

I think you are using shutil.rmtree command in wrong way. You may use the following.
shutil.rmtree(path+"/killme")
Look at the reference https://docs.python.org/3/library/shutil.html#shutil.rmtree
Syntax: shutil.rmtree(path, ignore_errors=False, onerror=None)
Assuming that your current project directory is 'test'. Then, your code will look like the follwing:
import shutil
from bge import logic
path = os.getcwd() # C:/programs/blabla/blabla/test/
shutil.rmtree(path+"/killme") # remove dir and all contains
NOTE: It will fail if the files are read only in the folder.
Hope it helps!

What you could do is set a base path like
basePath = "/bla_bla/"
and then append the path and use something like:
shutil.rmtree(basePath+yourGamePath)
If you are executing the python as a standalone script that is inside the desired folder, you can do the following:
#!/usr/bin/env_python
import os
cwd = os.getcwd()
shutil.rmtree(cwd)
Hope my answer was helpful

The best thing you could do is use the os library.
Then with the os.path function you can list all the directories and filenames and hence can delete/modify the required folders while extractring the name of folders in the same way you want.
for root, dirnames, files in os.walk("issues"):
for name in dirnames:
for filename in files:
*what you want*

Renaming files in Python

I'm doing a Python course on Udacity. And there is a class called Rename Troubles, which presents the following incomplete code:
import os
def rename_files():
file_list = os.listdir("C:\Users\Nick\Desktop\temp")
print (file_list)
for file_name in file_list:
os.rename(file_name, file_name.translate(None, "0123456789"))
rename_files()
As the instructor explains it, this will return an error because Python is not attempting to rename files in the right folder. He then proceeds to check the "current working directory", and then goes on to specify to Python which directory to rename files in.
This makes no sense to me. We are using the for loop to specifically tell Python that we want to rename the contents of file_list, which we have just pointed to the directory we need, in rename_files(). So why does it not attempt to rename in that folder? Why do we still need to figure out cwd and then change it?? The code looks entirely logical without any of that.

Look closely at what os.listdir() gives you. It returns only a list of names, not full paths.
You'll then proceed to os.rename one of those names, which will be interpreted as a relative path, relative to whatever your current working directory is.
Instead of messing with the current working directory, you can os.path.join() the path that you're searching to the front of both arguments to os.rename().

I think your code needs some formatting help.
The basic issue is that os.listdir() returns names relative to the directory specified (in this case an absolute path). But your script can be running from any directory. Manipulate the file names passed to os.rename() to account for this.

Look into relative and absolute paths, listdir returns names relative to the path (in this case absolute path) provided to listdir. os.rename is then given this relative name and unless the app's current working directory (usually the directory you launched the app from) is the same as provided to listdir this will fail.
There are a couple of alternative ways of handling this, changing the current working directory:
os.chdir("C:\Users\Nick\Desktop\temp")
for file_name in os.listdir(os.getcwd()):
os.rename(file_name, file_name.translate(None, "0123456789"))
Or use absolute paths:
directory = "C:\Users\Nick\Desktop\temp"
for file_name in os.listdir(directory):
old_file_path = os.path.join(directory, file_name)
new_file_path = os.path.join(directory, file_name.translate(None, "0123456789"))
os.rename(old_file_path, new_file_path)

You can get a file list from ANY existing directory - i.e.
os.listdir("C:\Users\Nick\Desktop\temp")
or
os.listdir("C:\Users\Nick\Desktop")
or
os.listdir("C:\Users\Nick")
etc.
The instance of the Python interpreter that you're using to run your code is being executed in a directory that is independent of any directory for which you're trying to get information. So, in order to rename the correct file, you need to specify the full path to that file (or the relative path from wherever you're running your Python interpreter).