Call the Python interactive interpreter from within a Python script - python

Is there any way to start up the Python interpreter from within a script , in a manner similar to just using python -i so that the objects/namespace, etc. from the current script are retained? The reason for not using python -i is that the script initializes a connection to an XML-RPC server, and I need to be able to stop the entire program if there's an error. I can't loop until there's valid input because apparently, I can't do something like this:
#!/usr/bin/python -i
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import xmlrpclib
# Create an object to represent our server.
server_url = str(raw_input("Server: "))
while not server = xmlrpclib.Server(server_url):
print 'Unable to connect to server. Please try again'
else:
print 'Xmlrpclib.Server object `__main__.server\' of URL `', server_url, "' created"
break
# Python interpreter starts...
because:
% chmod u+x ./rpcclient.py
% ./rpclient.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "./rpcclient.py", line 8
while not server = xmlrpclib.Server(server_url):
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>>>
Unfortunately, python -i starts the interpreter just after it prints out the traceback, so I somehow have to call the interactive interpreter - replacing the execution of the script so it retains the server connection - from within the script

Have you tried reading the error message? :)
= is assignment, you want the comparison operator == instead.

Well, I finally got it to work.
Basically, I put the entire try/except/else clause in a while True: loop, with the else suite being a break statement and the end of the except suite being a continue statement. The result is that it now continually loops if the user puts in an address that doesn't have a fully compliant XML-RPC2 server listening. Here's how it turned out:
#!/usr/bin/python -i
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import xmlrpclib, socket
from sys import exit
# Create an object to represent our server.
#server = xmlrpclib.Server(server_url) and print 'Xmlrpclib.Server object `__main__.server\' of URL `', server_url, "' created"
server_url = str(raw_input("Server: "))
server = xmlrpclib.ServerProxy(server_url)
while True:
try:
server.system.listMethods()
except xmlrpclib.ProtocolError, socket.error:
print 'Unable to connect to server. Please try again'
server_url = str(raw_input("Server: "))
server = xmlrpclib.ServerProxy(server_url)
continue
except EOFError:
exit(1)
else:
break
print 'Xmlrpclib.Server object `__main__.server\' of URL `', server_url, "' created"
# Python interpreter starts...
Thank you very much!
...and I have to wait another day to accept this...

Related

How to exit function with signal on Windows?

I have the following code written in Python 2.7 on Windows. I want to check for updates for the current python script and update it, if there is an update, with a new version through ftp server preserving the filename and then executing the new python script after terminating the current through the os.kill with SIGNTERM.
I went with the exit function approach but I read that in Windows this only works with the atexit library and default python exit methods. So I used a combination of the atexit.register() and the signal handler.
***necessary libraries***
filematch = 'test.py'
version = '0.0'
checkdir = os.path.abspath(".")
dircontent = os.listdir(checkdir)
r = StringIO()
def exithandler():
try:
try:
if filematch in dircontent:
os.remove(checkdir + '\\' + filematch)
except Exception as e:
print e
ftp = FTP(ip address)
ftp.login(username, password)
ftp.cwd('/Test')
for filename in ftp.nlst(filematch):
fhandle = open(filename, 'wb')
ftp.retrbinary('RETR ' + filename, fhandle.write)
fhandle.close()
subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "test.py"])
print 'Test file successfully updated.'
except Exception as e:
print e
ftp = FTP(ip address)
ftp.login(username, password)
ftp.cwd('/Test')
ftp.retrbinary('RETR version.txt', r.write)
if(r.getvalue() != version):
atexit.register(exithandler)
somepid = os.getpid()
signal.signal(SIGTERM, lambda signum, stack_frame: exit(1))
os.kill(somepid, signal.SIGTERM)
print 'Successfully replaced and started the file'
Using the:
signal.signal(SIGTERM, lambda signum, stack_frame: exit(1))
I get:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\STiX\Desktop\Python Keylogger\test.py", line 50, in <module>
signal.signal(SIGTERM, lambda signum, stack_frame: exit(1))
NameError: name 'SIGTERM' is not defined
But I get the job done without a problem except if I use the current code in a more complex script where the script give me the same error but terminates right away for some reason.
On the other hand though, if I use it the correct way, signal.SIGTERM, the process goes straight to termination and the exit function never executed. Why is that?
How can I make this work on Windows and get the outcome that I described above successfully?
What you are trying to do seems a bit complicated (and dangerous from an infosec-perspective ;-). I would suggest to handle the reload-file-when-updated part of the functionality be adding a controller class that imports the python script you have now as a module and, starts it and the reloads it when it is updated (based on a function return or other technique) - look this way for inspiration - https://stackoverflow.com/a/1517072/1010991
Edit - what about exe?
Another hacky technique for manipulating the file of the currently running program would be the shell ping trick. It can be used from all programming languages. The trick is to send a shell command that is not executed before after the calling process has terminated. Use ping to cause the delay and chain the other commands with &. For your use case it could be something like this:
import subprocess
subprocess.Popen("ping -n 2 -w 2000 1.1.1.1 > Nul & del hack.py & rename hack_temp.py hack.py & hack.py ", shell=True)
Edit 2 - Alternative solution to original question
Since python does not block write access to the currently running script an alternative concept to solve the original question would be:
import subprocess
print "hello"
a = open(__file__,"r")
running_script_as_string = a.read()
b = open(__file__,"w")
b.write(running_script_as_string)
b.write("\nprint 'updated version of hack'")
b.close()
subprocess.Popen("python hack.py")

Running a python commands from a python script in a python (Django) shell. Django

I'm working with Django and I'd created two database. Everything seems to work fine, but then I had to edit one of the two and add a column.. From that moment the db wouldn't work anymore, so I exported in a text file the first database and thinking "now I recreate the two db and run a python script to refill the first one". The problem is that whene I try to run the script I get errors, because I can't run the command like bash using os.system, and I don't really know any other way... So, here's my code:
import os
def func ():
try:
FILE=open ("./languagedb.txt", "r")
except IOError:
print 'Can\'t open db file'
exit (1)
for line in FILE:
if (line.startswith('INSERT')):
values=line[43:-1]
language=values[1:3]
values=values[6:]
field=""
fieldBool=True
i=0
while fieldBool:
try:
c=values[i]
except:
print ''
if c != '\'':
field=field+str(c)
i=i+1
else:
fieldBool=False
values=values [(i+3):]
text=""
textBool=True
i=0
while textBool:
try:
c=values[i]
except:
print ''
if c != '\'':
text=text+str(c)
i=i+1
else:
textBool=False
comand="Language.objects.create(language=\""+language+"\", text=\""+text+"\", campo=\""+field+"\")"
os.system(comand)
This is the way I call the shell:
python manage.py shell
and the commands I give it:
import django
from languageMods.models import *
import mymigration #The name fo the file containing the above code
mymigration.func()
And I get the following error, for example
sh: -c: line 0: syntax error near unexpected token `language="en",'
Which is shell's error.
Does someone know how to execute a command from a python script in a python shell?
If you start your script the way you describe it you can just call the django DB API directly in your code:
Language.objects.create(language=language, text=text, campo=field)

snmpwalk with python scrypt

I tried to build a python script to get temperature from snmp sensor.
If I use this command line with a Linux terminal
snmpwalk 10.100.2.21 -On -v 1 -c public .1.3.6.1.4.1.28507.14.1.3.1.1.2.2
Output is correct :
.1.3.6.1.4.1.28507.14.1.3.1.1.2.2 = INTEGER: 225
In fact it return temperature :-) 22.5 °C
But I must use a python script :
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: latin-1 -*-
import netsnmp
#oid = '.1.3.6.1.4.1.28507.14.1.3.1.1.2.2'
oid = netsnmp.VarList(netsnmp.Varbind('.1.3.6.1.4.1.28507.14.1.3.1.1.2.2'))
print ("Hello !!!")
res = netsnmp.snmpwalk(oid, Version=1, DestHost='10.100.2.21', Community='public')
print res
I don't know why, my script return only :
"()"
Have you some ides ?
thanks
The constructs for netsnmp don't work that way. As far as I know, you need to open a snmp session before making queries.
I usually do:
session=netsnmp.Session(DestHost=myip, Version=2, Community='public', RemotePort=161)
Then you can check if you got a proper session:
if session:
continue
else:
print sys.exc_info()
exit(1)
Finally:
myoid=netsnmp.VarList('.1.3.6.1.4.1.28507.14.1.3.1.1.2.2')
res=snmp.walk(myoid)
for i in res:
print i
I am using a for loop, because you chose snmp.walk(), that could potentially return many rows of values. You could use snmp.get() instead

reading output from pexpect sendline

I have pexpect working, but I am having problems printing the output back from it. In my test script below, it creates the ssh connection, and then sends a sudo su -, then my password, and then sends a line that would require sudo access to do (I have also added p.interact() a few times to make sure it is at root). The problem I am having, is with returning the output of the commands I run. In the end I am wanting to run some top commands, and some du -h, and other(much more complex) space commands. But currently when it tries to print p.before, I get:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "./ssh.py", line 37, in <module>
print p.before()
TypeError: 'str' object is not callable
Here is the script I am working from(edited to remove my pass and such)
#!/usr/bin/env python
import pexpect
import struct, fcntl, os, sys, signal
def sigwinch_passthrough (sig, data):
# Check for buggy platforms (see pexpect.setwinsize()).
if 'TIOCGWINSZ' in dir(termios):
TIOCGWINSZ = termios.TIOCGWINSZ
else:
TIOCGWINSZ = 1074295912 # assume
s = struct.pack ("HHHH", 0, 0, 0, 0)
a = struct.unpack ('HHHH', fcntl.ioctl(sys.stdout.fileno(), TIOCGWINSZ , s))
global global_pexpect_instance
global_pexpect_instance.setwinsize(a[0],a[1])
ssh_newkey = 'Are you sure you want to continue connecting'
p=pexpect.spawn('ssh user#localhost')
i=p.expect([ssh_newkey,'password:',pexpect.EOF,pexpect.TIMEOUT],1)
if i==0:
print "I say yes"
p.sendline('yes')
i=p.expect([ssh_newkey,'password:',pexpect.EOF])
if i==1:
print "I give password",
p.sendline("mypassword")
elif i==2:
print "I either got key or connection timeout"
pass
elif i==3: #timeout
pass
global global_pexpect_instance
global_pexpect_instance = p
p.sendline("sudo su -")
p.sendline("mypasswd")
p.sendline("mkdir /home/user/test")
print p.before
I am working off of this link: http://linux.byexamples.com/archives/346/python-how-to-access-ssh-with-pexpect/
Any help is much appreciated.
EDIT: As Armin Rigo pointed out below. I was calling to p.before as a function like p.before(). Stupid mistake on my part, as this explains why I was getting this error today, and not yesterday when I was trying this. After making that change to my script, and modifying the command being sent, print p.before, and no output is returned. Any other ways to return output from a sendline() command?
Use logfile, that logfile is store all output in terminal.use that example code:-
child = pexpect.spawn("ssh user#localhost")
child.logfile = open("/tmp/mylog", "w")
child.expect(".*assword:")
child.send("guest\r")
child.expect(".*\$ ")
child.sendline("python -V\r")
open the log file and see everything in terminals event
To fetch the complete output after sendline use child.read()
e.g.
cmd_resp = pexpect.spawnu(cmd) # for execution of the command
str_to_search = 'Please Enter The Password'
cmd_resp.sendline('yes') # for sending the input 'yes'
resp = cmd_resp.expect([str_to_search, 'password:', EOF], timeout=30) # fetch the output status
if resp == 1:
cmd_resp.sendline(password)
resp = cmd_resp.expect([str_to_search, 'outputString:', EOF], timeout=30)
print(cmd_resp.read()) # to fetch the complete output log
p.before is a string - not a function. To see the output you have to write
print p.before.
Hope this might help you

Why type('string') seems to return null string in python cgi

I'm reading Mark Lutz's Programming Python 3rd editon , and I'm puzzled with a question: type('something') always result in an empty string.
Could someone kindly explain this?
Context info:
I add one line to the script $CODEROOT\pp3e\Internet\Web\cgi-bin\tutor0.py
#!/usr/bin/python
#######################################################
# runs on the server, prints html to create a new page;
# url=http://localhost/cgi-bin/tutor0.py
#######################################################
print "Content-type: text/html\n"
print "<TITLE>CGI 101</TITLE>"
print "<H1>A First CGI script</H1>"
print '<p>[%s]'%type('apple') # ★ I add this line
print "<P>Hello, CGI World!</P>"
For the added line, I hope to see in browser [<type 'str'>] , but I actually see [] .
The python to start a HTTP server is at $CODEROOT\pp3e\Internet\Web\webserver.py
#########################################################################
# implement HTTP web server in Python which knows how to serve HTML
# pages and run server side CGI scripts; serves files/scripts from
# the current working dir and port 80, unless command-line args;
# python scripts must be stored in webdir\cgi-bin or webdir\htbin;
# more than one of these may be running on the same machine to serve
# from different directories, as long as they listen on different ports;
#########################################################################
webdir = '.' # where your html files and cgi-bin script directory live
port = 80 # http://servername/ if 80, else use http://servername:xxxx/
import os, sys
from BaseHTTPServer import HTTPServer
from CGIHTTPServer import CGIHTTPRequestHandler
if len(sys.argv) > 1: webdir = sys.argv[1] # command-line args
if len(sys.argv) > 2: port = int(sys.argv[2]) # else dafault ., 80
print 'webdir "%s", port %s' % (webdir, port)
# hack for Windows: os.environ not propogated
# to subprocess by os.popen2, force in-process
if sys.platform[:3] == 'win':
CGIHTTPRequestHandler.have_popen2 = False
CGIHTTPRequestHandler.have_popen3 = False # emulate path after fork
sys.path.append('cgi-bin') # else only adds my dir
os.chdir(webdir) # run in html root dir
srvraddr = ("", port) # my hostname, portnumber
srvrobj = HTTPServer(srvraddr, CGIHTTPRequestHandler)
srvrobj.serve_forever() # serve clients till exit
My environment:
Python 2.7
Windows 7 x64
Probably because the angle brackets in <type 'str'> are causing the output to be treated as HTML.
Try changing:
print '<p>[%s]'%type('apple') # ★ I add this line
into:
hstr = "%s"%type('apple')
hstr = hstr.replace('<','<').replace('>','>')
print '<p>[%s]'%hstr

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