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get icloud web service endpoints to fetch data

My question may look silly but I am asking this after too much search on Google, yet not have any clue.
I am using iCloud web services. For that I have converted this Python code to PHP. https://github.com/picklepete/pyicloud
Up to this, everything is working good. When authenticate using icloud username,password I am getting a list of web service URLs as part of response. Now for example to use Contacts web service, I need to use Contact web service URL and add a part to that URL to fetch contacts.
https://p45-contactsws.icloud.com:443/co/startup with some parameters.
The webservice URL https://p45-contactsws.icloud.com:443 is coming in response while authenticating. But the later part, 'co/startup' is there in the python code. I don't know how they found that part. So for some services which is there in Python code, they are working good. But I want to use few other service like https://p45-settingsws.icloud.com:443, https://p45-keyvalueservice.icloud.com:443 etc. and when I try to send request with correct parameters to this other services, I am getting errors like 404 not found or unauthorized access. So I believe that some URL part must be added to this just like contacts. If someone knows how or where can I get correct URL part, I will be really thankful.
Thanks to all in advance for their time reading/answering my question.

I am afraid there doesn't seem to be an official source for these API endpoints, since they seem to be discovered through sniffing the network calls rather than a proper guide from Apple. For example, this presentation, which comes from a forensic tools company, is from 2013 and covers some of the relevant endpoints. Note that iOS was still at versions 5 & 6 then (vs. the current v9.3).
All other code samples on the net basically are using the same set of API endpoints that were originally observed in 2012-2013. (Here's a snippet from another python module with additional URLs you may use.) However, all of them pretty much point to each other as the source.
If you'd like to pursue a different path, Apple now promotes the CloudKit and CloudKit JS solutions for registered apps working with iCloud data.

How to get access to Gmail in Django

I'm trying to have a page in my webapp with a button 'Connect to Gmail', which sends the user to an authentication page, and when they get back their access token gets saved in my database for later use. I've been literally trying this for weeks, but I can't figure it out. I've tried xoauth, but it seems to only work as a stand-alone script.
Does anyone have some pointers on how to do this?

What you are looking for is OpenID. Check if some fits your need here:
http://djangopackages.com/grids/g/facebook-authentication/ (I know they write facebook authentication, though this page includes openid solutions and full featured solutions with Facebook/Twitter login as well)
I made good experience with django-socialregistration.

Getting Started with Facebook API

I have a friend that owns a small business and has a Page on Facebook. I want to help her manage it from a marketing perspective, and figure that it may be best to do so through their API.
I have skimmed their API documentation, and have a basic working knowledge of Python. What I can't figure out is if I can access their page's data with Python and grab the data on wall posts, who liked posts, etc. Is this possible? I can't find a decent tutorial for someone who is new to programming.
To provide context, I have been scraping the Twitter Search API for some time now and I am hoping there is something similar (request certain data elements, and have it returned as structured data I can analyze). I find their API extremely straight forward, and for Facebook, I don't know where to begin.
I don't want to create an application, I simply want to access the data that is related to my friend's page.
I am hoping to find some decent tutorials and help on what I will need to get started. Any help you can provide will be greatly appreciated.

You could try Pyjamas Desktop.
http://pyjs.org/
It runs python in an embedded web browser and gives you access to the html DOM.
This potentially means that you can use the JS api directly from python.
You will need to be running a server locally though.

Basically to automate posting stuff to the persons profile you need to get their oath token and then make API calls w/ that token.
Here are steps to get API token:
Register APP w/ facebook and get app id
Have your friend click this link https://www.facebook.com/dialog/oauth?
client_id=[your app id here]&
type=user_agent&
scope=email,read_stream,,,user_about_me,offline_access,publish_stream&
redirect_uri=http://www.facebook.com/connect/login_success.html
Then record that token for future
You can now use any available python FB lib to post and manage that FB page.
This should get you started:
http://eggie5.com/20-getting-started-w-facebook-api

Retrieving my own data via FaceBook API

I am building a website for a comedy group which uses Facebook as one of their marketing platforms; one of the requirements for the new site is to display all of their Facebook events on a calendar.
Currently, I am just trying to put together a Python script which can pull some data from my own Facebook account, like a list of all my friends. I presume once I can accomplish this I can move to pulling more complicated data out of my clients account (since they have given me access to their account).
I have looked at many of the posts here, and also went through the Facebook API documentation, including Facebook Connect, but am really beating my head against the wall. Everything I have read seems like overkill, as it involves setting up a good deal of infrastructure to allow my app to set up connections to any arbitrary user's account (who authorizes me). Shouldn't it be much simpler, given I only ever need to access 1 account?
I cannot find a way to retrieve data without having to display the Facebook login window. I have a script which will retrieve all my friends, but it includes a redirect where I have to physically log myself in to Facebook.
Would appreciate any advice or links, I just feel like I must be missing something simple.
Thank you!

Just posting up my notes on the successful advice, should others find this post;
Per Daniel and William's advice, I obtained the right permissions using the Connect options. From William, this link explains how the Facebook connection works
https://developers.facebook.com/docs/authentication/
This section on setting up the actual authentication was most helpful to me.
http://developers.facebook.com/docs/api
Basically, it goes as follows:
Post a link to the following URL. A user will need to physically click on it (even if that user is just you, the site admin).
https://graph.facebook.com/oauth/authorize?client_id=YOUR_CLIENT_ID&redirect_uri=http://www.example.com/HANDLER
This will redirect to a Facebook login, which will return to http://www.example.com/HANDLER after the user authenticates. If you wish to do more than basic reads and news feed updates you will need to include this variable in the above link: scope=offline_access,user_photos. The scope variable just includes a comma separated list of values, which Facebook will explicitly tell the authenticating user about during the login process, and they will have to OK. Most helpful for me was the offline_access flag (user_photos lets you get at their photos too), so I can pull content without someone logging in regularly (so long as I store the access token obtained later)
Have a script located at http://www.example.com/HANDLER that will take a variable from the request (so facebook will redirect to http://www.example.com/HANDLER&code=YOUR_CODE after authentication). Your handler needs to pull out the code variable, and then send the following request:
https://graph.facebook.com/oauth/access_token?
client_id=YOUR_CLIENT_ID&
redirect_uri=http://www.example.com/oauth_redirect&
client_secret=YOUR_SECRET_KEY&
code=YOUR_CODE
This request will return a string of the form access_token=YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN.
Just parse off the 'access_token=', and you will have a token that you can use to access the facebook graph API, in requests like
http://graph.facebook.com/me/friends?access_token=YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN
This will return a JSON object containing all of your friends
Hope this saves someone else some not fun time straining through documentation. Thanks for the help!

It is true, that Facebook's API is targeted at developers who are creating apps that will be used by many users.
Thankfully, the new Graph API is much simpler to use than its predecessor, and shouldn't be terribly difficult for you to work with without using or creating a lot of underlying infrastructure.
You will need to implement authorization, but this is not difficult, and as long as you prompt the user for the offline_access permission, it'll only need to be done once.
The documentation on Desktop Authentication would probably be most relevant to you at this point, though you might want to move to the javascript-based authentication once you've got a web app up and running.
Once the authentication is done, all you're doing is making GET requests to various urls and working with the resulting JSON.
Here's the documentation about Events, and you can get a list of friends from the friends connection of a User.

I'm not expert on Facebook/Facebook Connect, however I've seen it used/used applications with it and it seems there's really only the 'official' way to do it. I'm afraid it looks like your best bet would probably be something along the lines of this.
http://wiki.developers.facebook.com/index.php/Connect/Authentication_and_Authorization
Regardless of how you actually 'use' it, you'll still need to authorize the application to connect to the account and this means having a Facebook App as well.

The answer to Facebook application authentication is hard to find but is actually found within the "Analytics" page of the Graph API.
Specify the following: https://graph.facebook.com/oauth/access_token?client_cred&client_id=yourappid&client_secret=yourappsecret , you will then be given an access_token that you may use on all other calls.
The Facebook provided APIs do NOT currently provide this level of functionality.

Auth_token error at Facebook

i have been on this for the last 2 days with no result.
i am running my facebook app on my localhost with port-forwarding method.
i know my server setup is working fine as i can see the logs on the django runserver and dyndns log as well.
django is properly responding to calls as well.
the problem is as soon as the app authorizes with my user account, it straight follows to the page that says this:
Errors while loading page from application
The URL http://amitverma.dyndns.org/facebook_sample/?auth_token=817f8fbe99eff10582b634589de17b84 is not valid.
Please try again later. We appreciate your patience as the developers of app_test and Facebook resolve this issue. Thanks!
I am making a test app learning from facebook + django tutorial from here and here.
I am still getting this error and I have no idea what i am doing wrong...
Please help me out.

This often happens with a failed authentication. I'm not sure what the Python client libraries might look like, but with the PHP ones you generally make an authorization call against the library, something like $facebook->require_login().
With the PHP library, if this call fails to verify the user's Facebook session, then it automatically outputs HTML that will redirect the browser and try to re-establish the session, hence the auth_token parameter.
I suspect you're running into something similar. Try to isolate any authentication calls you're making, and use a Firefox extension like LiveHTTPHeaders to see if you are undergoing any redirects during the requests.

When you get that error, presuming you have debug=True in the Django settings and that your application is in development mode in Facebook, you can do View Source and see the entire Django error page that would normally display, including traceback. Facebook comment it out in the HTML so it doesn't show on the front end, but you can copy and paste it into a separate HTML file and view that in your browser to see the nice friendly Django error page which will definitely give you a clue as to what's going wrong.