How to print textfield's value in Django and Python? - python

I'm trying to create a very simple web page with 2 textfields, 1 button and 3 labels to make it look like so:
First Name: [..........] <-- label + textfield
Last Name: [...........] <-- label + textfield
(Submit) <-- button
{Your full name is %FirstName% + %LastName% } <-- label
As you can see it's an extremely simple task. I could have easily done this in ASP.NET in 5 minutes but I am not very familiar with Django or Python, as I am just starting to learn the framework.
Thanks.

zomboid's comment is correct. It looks like you need to learn more about Django. You might want to take a look at this chapter from The Django Book. That text is a bit outdated, but the fundamentals are the same.
Some general guidance: you need to point a URL (e.g., /namegrabber) to a view function. Inside that view function, you decide whether the user's doing a GET or a POST. If it's a GET, then instantiate an unbound form -- i.e., a form with no data -- and pass it to a template to be rendered. If it's a POST, then instantiate your form, populating it with request.POST. Then, take the data in your form's cleaned_data attribute and pass that to a template to be rendered.
Two other comments. First, as I mentioned, the text in The Django Book is a bit outdated. In particular, you'll need to somehow deal with Django's CSRF protection since your view will be handling POST requests, assuming you're using Django 1.2+. A nice overview of how to do that is here. Second, when you're building your form, you'll probably want to use forms.CharField for the data you're talking about.
Good luck! This is a five-minute task in Django once you're accustomed to the framework.

On the python end of it, you can view these values by looking at request.POST["field_name"]. You can then pass these values to the template (different methods depending on which function you are using to call the template). Then the template will look something like
Your full name is {{ first_name }} {{ last_name }}
Let me know if you need more detail / examples.

Related

Too many templates in Django

I am learning Django and I programming a CRUD for various objects. Currently I need to generate three templates per object: one for creation, one for update and one for a list. Look at how many templates I got in the picture.
The process is becoming painful.
What I am doing wrong and how to correct it?
Thanks.
From your comment:
The problem is that If I need to make a change, for example, add a new button, I have to make it in all the templates.
That sounds wrong. Either a button belong to one type of thing and then it should only exist in that template, or it should be on every page and then it should be in the base template.
You can make one template with your basic page layout (including such buttons), and have "blocks" in them that are then filled out by each template that extends the base template.
See the Django documentation about template inheritance.
Also, I think that in most cases the "create" and "update" pages are going to be extremely similar; usually they use the same template, one with data already filled in, the other without.
You could have a base template, then a generic list template and a generic edit/create template, with templates for each type of thing extending the list and the edit templates to fill in only the relevant fields.
Also, maybe you use HTML that is close enough to what the Django forms can render themselves. Then as long as you call the edit/create form the same in each of your views (like "form"), the template can just render the form and they can all use the same template.
If you're building a big web-app then this is normal for templates to be more.
Heavy (big) web-app means = more templates + more code + more time + more features

Is it bad to design form layout in forms.py Django?

I'm new to Django. After few weeks learning, I've designed my form layout inside forms.py, like this:
But it's quite annoying when I have to write html tag in string format without IDE styling, So do you guys have any ideas to design form layout in Django that is more clear and easy to maintain? I'm using crispy_forms btw.
Thank you...
It's not bad as there are no ways to tell whether practices are good or bad as they're mostly up to personal flavor. My take, however, is that crispy forms do not provide enough flexibility. Plus, once you moved on to complex form controls, you need multiple divisions and the hierarchy will be stacked.
It's up to you whether you want to keep this, but I'll tell you how I get past the forms.
I render the form, no styling, and anything. I then inspect the page and then note down the id, name, field type (autocomplete, required, etc.) of every input as Django needs those to tell your data apart from others.
I don't directly load the form like {{ form.as_p }}. I include the action, URL, and then apply my custom form but use the id, name, and everything else that the default form uses.
So you'll have the same Django field attributes but they are applied to your custom HTML form. It's definitely more work, but from my experience, this pays off.

Django - beginner- what is the process for passing information to a view via a url?

I am working on my first django project which is also my first backend project. In the tutorials/reading I have completed, I haven't come across passing information back to django without a modelform.
My intention is to calculate a value on a page using javascript and pass it to django when a user hits a submit button on that page. The submit button will also be a link to another page. I know I could process the information in a view via the url if I knew how to pass the information back to django.
I'm aware that django uses MVC and as I have my models and views in place, I am lead to believe that this has something to do with controllers.
Basically, I would like to know how to pass information from a page to django as a user follows a link to another page. I understand that this isn't the place for long step by step tutorials on specific topics but I would appreciate any links to resources on this subject. I don't know what this process is even called so I can't search documentation for it.
EDIT:
From further reading, I think that I want to be using the submit button to GET or POST the value. In this particular case, POST is probably better. Could someone confirm that this is true?
Yes, generally POST is a better way of submitting data than GET. There is a bit of a confusion about terminology in Django. While Django is, indeed MVC, models are models, but views are in fact controllers and views are templates. Since you are going to use AJAX to submit and retrieve the data, you don't care about templates. So what you most likely want is something like this
in your urls.py as part of your urlpatterns variable
url(r'mything/$', MyView.as_view())
in your views.py
from django.views import View
from django.http import HttpResponse
class MyView(View):
def post(self, request):
data = request.POST
... do your thing ...
return HttpResponse(results)
and in your javascript
jQuery.post('/mything/', data, function() { whatever you do here })
There're many ways, you can achieve this in django. Following are the two ways, that I generally prefer :-
1) As a query string parameter in the URL
eg. http://localhost/getPatientInfo?patientId=23&name=Sachin
2) Making URL dynamic, to include the information in the view itself.
eg. http://localhost/patientInfo/23/Sachin
In case 1:-
You will have to do,
patientId = request.GET["patientId"]
name = request.GET["patientName"]
In case 2:
Your URL conf will be something like :
urls = [
url("^patientInfo/(\d+)/([^/]+)$", yourViewFunc)
]
And in your view func :-
def yourViewFunc(request, patientId, patientName):
# your logic goes here
pass
For info. related to URLConf, refer to https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/http/urls/#example

Newfies-dialer Call Reports module

I have newfies dialer project, i would like to add a new field in Call Reports section.
I have lot of field that are unused in contact model. One of them can be used for this special id for my purpose.
How can i do that? Please help me anyone who familiar with newfies-dialer.
Newfies-Dialer is based on the Django framework, so it's good to know about Django to hack on the project.
You will notice in Newfies-Dialer that there is a template called: dialer_cdr/templates/dialer_cdr/voipcall_report.html
in which we display the data that is passed from the view.
So then in dialer_cdr/views.py, you have a view function which is in charge of rendering template and pass it some data. There, you can either modify voipcall_list object to add extra data to it, like info from the contact model, or pass an other object to data.
Here a link to the function handling this view: https://github.com/Star2Billing/newfies-dialer/blob/v2.12.2/newfies/dialer_cdr/views.py#L169

Implementing Universal Search in a Django Application

We have a large Django application made up of a large number of different views (some of which contain forms). As with most large applications, we use a base layout template that contains the common layout elements across the applications (mainly a header and a footer), which the templates for all of our views extend.
What we are looking to do is create a universal search box in our application, accessible on every page, which allows users to perform searches across the entire application, and want to place the search box inside the header, which involves placing a form inside our base layout template. This means that every view in our application will need to be able to handle the submission of this search form. Once this search form is submitted, we will need to redirect the user to another view containing the search results.
However, we are struggling to come up with a pattern to handle this. Does anyone know of functionality built into Django that will help us to build this? Failing that, can anyone suggest a good strategy for modifying our application so that we can handle this use-case without having to modify a large number of existing views (which we don't have the resources to do at the moment)?
Please note that the focus of this question is intended to be the best way to handle the submission of a form which appears in every view, and not strategies for implementing a universal search algorithm (which we have already figured out).
Ideas Explored So Far
Our first idea was to create a base View class that implements handling the universal search form submission, and have each of our views extend this. However, this is not possible because we already have views that inherit from a number of different Django view classes (TemplateView, ListView, FormView and DeleteView being some examples), and to be able to build our own common view class would mean either writing our own version of these Django view classes to inherit from our own view base class, or re-writing a large number of our views so they don't use the Django view classes.
Our next idea was to implement a mixin that would handle the universal search form submission, in an attempt to add this functionality to all our views in a way that allows us to continue using the different Django view classes. However, this brought to light two new problems: (a) how could we do this without modifying each of our views to become a form view, and (b) how can we do this in a way that allows the form handling logic to play nicely when mixed in to existing FormViews?
This seems like such an obvious question that maybe I'm overlooking something. But as others have said your universal search form should not make a POST request to the view that rendered the current page.
Each html form has an action attribute. The attribute of your search form should point towards an URL. Probably something like /search. That url would have a view behind it that handled the POST request from the form and returned the search results. Django has URL template tags to make this easy. {% url 'myapp.views.search' %} will give you the correct url for the search view function if it lived inside the views module in myapp. So the relevant bit of html in your base template would be something like:
<form action="{% url 'myapp.views.search' %}">
<input type="text" name="qs" placeholder="Search">
</form>
If you are planning on displaying the search results on a new page there is absolutely no need to return JSON or anything like that. Just have a search view that looks like this
def search(request):
query = request.POST.get('qs', '')
results = SomeModel.objects.filter(name=query) # Your search algo goes here
return render(request, 'search_results.html', dict(results=results))
Instead of handling the form submission on every view of the application, you can implement a separate view (endpoint), which handles all the search queries. (an endpoint which returns JSON result) since you dont want to add overhead of rendering the whole page with that view. So the search query (which client side AJAX performs to the webserver) will return JSON response, and the Javascript can render that response. This way you can keep the search view isolated from the rest of the views. (Django REST will be helpful in this case)
And this search form will be included in your base template, so your search box is accessible from the entire application, and it submits to the same view. And the AJAX function will handle the server response for rendering it.
It seems like you just need to create another SearchView which takes the query and displays the results. I am not sure if the results have to be displayed differently depending on which page the search has been performed from but it does not seem like.
The form would not have anything to do with the other views. You could just hard code it in the base template.

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