I'm using Selenium 2/Webdriver with python and I want to click on the first link that starts with a string. Here's the code I came up with:
def click_link_partial(div_id, partial):
linkdiv = driver.find_element_by_id(div_id)
z = (a.click() for a in linkdiv.find_elements_by_tag_name('a') if a.text.startswith(partial))
z.next()
I'm not very familiar with generators in Python. Why isn't a.click() called immediately, instead of when z.next() executes?
Are there any drawbacks to using this code?
First and foremost, please, familiarize yourself with Python's generators, they are a very powerful tool in your Python arsenal. A great explanation by Thomas Wouters can be found by reading another question: What can you use Python generator functions for?
Once you're finished reading, you'll realize that a generator just gives you the ability to evaluate expressions lazily.
Relating this piece of information to your code above, you will find that a.click() will not actually execute right away, because it is expected that you iterate over the generator expression, which is what you've created. This is why you must issue z.next() to actually invoke the click() method.
If you do not want to issue a z.next(), and assuming you just want to click the first partially matched link, you would re-write your code above as follows:
def click_link_partial(div_id, partial):
linkdiv = driver.find_element_by_id(div_id)
for a in linkdiv.find_elements_by_tag_name('a'):
if a.text.startswith(partial):
a.click()
break # stop iterating over the partially matched elements.
However, if you want to click on all the partially linked elements, then you should remove the z.next() from your code above and return the generator expression to be used in an outer function/method. Here's an example:
def click_link_partial(div_id, partial):
linkdiv = driver.find_element_by_id(div_id)
return (a for a in linkdiv.find_elements_by_tag_name('a')
if a.text.startswith(partial))
for matched_clickable_anchor in click_link_partial('#some-div-id', 'spam'):
matched_clickable_anchor.click() # do click
# do something else.
Hope this helps!
Related
In the Pygsheet reference doc here it shows a wrap_strategy property.
wrap_strategy
How to wrap text in this cell. Possible wrap strategies: ‘OVERFLOW_CELL’, ‘LEGACY_WRAP’, ‘CLIP’, ‘WRAP’. Reference: api docs
But in actual code if I were to cell.wrap_strategy = 'WRAP' I get an error TypeError: 'str' object is not callable
Actual code snippet:
for cell in wsheet.range("L3:L20").pop():
cell.wrap_strategy('WRAP')
I believe your goal as follows.
You want to set the wrap strategy using pygsheets.
Modification points:
When I saw the script of wrap_strategy of pygsheets, it seems that this is the Class Cell and in this case, I think that in the case of for cell in wsheet.range("L3:L20").pop():, you can use cell.wrap_strategy = 'WRAP'. (In this case, it sets to "L20".)
From this, how about modifying your script as follows?
Modified script:
for cell in wsheet.range("L3:L20").pop():
cell.wrap_strategy = "WRAP"
or, as other direction, how about using get_values as follows?
for cell in wsheet.get_values("L3", "L20", returnas="range")._data.pop():
cell.wrap_strategy = "WRAP"
Note:
If above modification was not the direct solution of your issue, can you provide your whole script without your personal information? By this, I would like to confirm it.
Reference:
wrap_strategy
Added:
From your following replying,
I was expecting it to wrap L3 to L20. But it seems only L20 is being read in this for loop. Would you know how to make it so?
When I saw your script in your question, you wanted to use the last element of wsheet.range("L3:L20") because of pop(). So I followed to it. From your replying, when you want to set the wap strategy for "L3:L20" by modifying your script, how about the following sample script?
Sample 1:
for cell in wsheet.range("L3:L20"):
cell[0].wrap_strategy = "WRAP"
Sample 2:
for cell in wsheet.get_values("L3", "L20", returnas="range")._data:
cell[0].wrap_strategy = "WRAP"
I'm trying to bind some Python code to a key so I can toggle X-Ray mode in Maya.
One thing that's confusing me is that when I run this line of code...
def xrayQuery():
cmds.modelEditor('modelPanel4', q=True, xr=True)
xrayQuery()
no result is returned, even though I've queried xray mode. But when I run just the command without the function...
cmds.modelEditor('modelPanel4', q=True, xr=True)
I get what I expected the first time, which is a boolean result based on whether or not xray mode is enabled. Can anyone tell me why this is?
I'm very new to python inside Maya, so any help will be much appreciated! Thanks!
You need to call return if you want the user-defined function to return the same output as called inside.
Like below:
def xrayQuery():
return cmds.modelEditor('modelPanel4', q=True, xr=True)
On a side note, if you could explain the purpose to write a function instead of calling the original function, it would be helpful to understand the use-case
So I've figured out a way to simplify what I was trying to achieve, which was a few lines of code to toggle the x-ray view mode on and off for a specific viewport. I was able to eliminate the need for if else statements by using the 'not' operator in this block of code:
import maya.cmds as cmds
def xray_toggle():
result = cmds.modelEditor('modelPanel4', q=True, xr=True)
cmds.modelEditor('modelPanel4', e=True, xr=not result)
xray_toggle()
I am writing in Python, sometimes calling certain aspects of maxscript and I have gotten most of the basics to work. However, I still don't understand FPValues. I don't even understand while looking through the examples and the max help site how to get anything meaningful out of them. For example:
import MaxPlus as MP
import pymxs
MPEval = MP.Core.EvalMAXScript
objectList = []
def addBtnCheck():
select = MPEval('''GetCurrentSelection()''')
objectList.append(select)
print(objectList)
MPEval('''
try (destroyDialog unnamedRollout) catch()
rollout unnamedRollout "Centered" width:262 height:350
(
button 'addBtn' "Add Selection to List" pos:[16,24] width:88 height:38
align:#left
on 'addBtn' pressed do
(
python.Execute "addBtnCheck()"
)
)
''')
MP.Core.EvalMAXScript('''createDialog unnamedRollout''')
(I hope I got the indentation right, pretty new at this)
In the above code I successfully spawned my rollout, and used a button press to call a python function and then I try to put the selection of a group of objects in a variable that I can control through python.
The objectList print gives me this:
[<MaxPlus.FPValue; proxy of <Swig Object of type 'Autodesk::Max::FPValue *' at 0x00000000846E5F00> >]
When used on a selection of two objects. While I would like the object names, their positions, etc!
If anybody can point me in the right direction, or explain FPValues and how to use them like I am an actual five year old, I would be eternally grateful!
Where to start, to me the main issue seems to be the way you're approaching it:
why use MaxPlus at all, that's an low-level SDK wrapper as unpythonic (and incomplete) as it gets
why call maxscript from python for things that can be done in python (getCurrentSelection)
why use maxscript to create UI, you're in python, use pySide
if you can do it in maxscript, why would you do it in python in the first place? Aside from faster math ops, most of the scene operations will be orders of magnitude slower in python. And if you want, you can import and use python modules in maxscript, too.
import MaxPlus as MP
import pymxs
mySel = mp.SelectionManager.Nodes
objectList = []
for each in mySel:
x = each.Name
objectList.append(x)
print objectList
The easiest way I know is with the
my_selection = rt.selection
command...
However, I've found it works a little better for me to throw it into a list() function as well so I can get it as a Python list instead of a MAXscript array. This isn't required but some things get weird when using the default return from rt.selection.
my_selection = list(rt.selection)
Once you have the objects in a list you can just access its attributes by looking up what its called for MAXscript.
for obj in my_selection:
print(obj.name)
I am working on a mini GUI project , I am currently struggling to figure out how to get selected value from the list and then return that value to the main function so that I can use that value in somewhere else . Can someone help me please !!!!
####
self.device_list_store = gtk.ListStore(str,str,str,str,str)
for device in self.get_dev_list():
self.device_list_store.append(list(device))
device_list_treeview = gtk.TreeView(self.device_list_store)
selected_row = device_list_treeview.get_selection()
selected_row.connect("changed",self.item_selected)
####
def item_selected(self,selection):
model,row = selection.get_selected()
if row is not None:
selected_device = model[row][0]
at the moment ,the item_selected function is not returning anything , I want to return selected_device back to the main function so I can use it in other functions as well .
EDIT: I've edited code above to remove formatting errors #jcoppens
As you can see in the documentation, the item_selected function is called with one parameter, tree_selection. But if you define the function inside a class, it requires the self parameter too, which is normally added automatically. In your (confusing) example, there is no class defined, so I suspect the problem is your program which is incomplete.
Also, I suspect you don't want device_list_treeview = gtk.T... in the for loop:
for device in self.get_dev_list():
self.device_list_store.append(list(device))
device_list_treeview = gtk.TreeView(self.device_list_store)
And I suspect you want selected_device = mod... indented below the if:
if row is not None:
selected_device = model[row][0]
Please convert your example in a complete program, and formatted correctly.
BTW: item_selected is not a good name for the signal handler. It is also called if the item is unselected (which is why the signal is called 'changed')!
And important: Even though you should first read the basic Python tutorials and Gtk tutorials, you should then consider using lazka's excellent reference for all the Python APIs. There's a link on the page to download it completely and have it at hand in your computer.
So, I have a function which basically does this:
import os
import json
import requests
from openpyxl import load_workbook
def function(data):
statuslist = []
for i in range(len(data[0])):
result = performOperation(data[0][i])
if result in satisfying_results:
print("its okay")
statuslist.append("Pass")
else:
print("absolutely not okay")
statuslist.append("Fail" + result)
return statuslist
Then, I invoke the function like this (I've added error handling to check what will happen after stumbling upon the reason for me asking this question), and was actually amazed by the results, as the function returns None, and then executes:
statuslist = function(data)
print(statuslist)
try:
for i in range(len(statuslist)):
anotherFunction(i)
print("Confirmation that it is working")
except TypeError:
print("This is utterly nonsense I think")
The output of the program is then as follows:
None
This is utterly nonsense I think
its okay
its okay
its okay
absolutely not okay
its okay
There is only single return statement at the end of the function, the function is not recursive, its pretty straightforward and top-down(but parses a lot of data in the meantime).
From the output log, it appears that the function first returns None, and then is properly executed. I am puzzled, and I were unable to find any similar problems over the internet (maybe I phrase the question incorrectly).
Even if there were some inconsistency in the code, I'd still expect it to return [] instead.
After changing the initial list to statuslist = ["WTF"], the return is [].
To rule out the fact that I have modified the list in some other functions performed in the function(data), I have changed the name of the initial list several times - the results are consistently beyond my comprehension
I will be very grateful on tips in debugging the issue. Why does the function return the value first, and is executed after?
While being unable to write the code which would at the same time present what happened in my code in full spectrum, be readable, and wouldn't interfere with no security policies of the company, I have re-wrote it in a simpler form (the original code has been written while I had 3 months of programming experience), and the issue does not reproduce anymore. I guess there had be some level of nesting of functions that I have misinterpreted, and this re-written code, doing pretty much the same, correctly returns me the expected list.
Thank you everyone for your time and suggestions.
So, the answer appears to be: You do not understand your own code, make it simpler.