Save M2M "Through" Inlines in Django Admin - python

Apparently Django's ModelAdmin/ModelForm doesn't allow you to use save_m2m() if there's an intermediate through table for a ManyToManyField.
models.py:
from django.db import models
def make_uuid():
import uuid
return uuid.uuid4().hex
class MyModel(models.Model):
id = models.CharField(default=make_uuid, max_length=32, primary_key=True)
title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
many = models.ManyToManyField("RelatedModel", through="RelatedToMyModel")
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
if not self.id:
self.id = make_uuid()
super(GuidPk, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
class RelatedModel(models.Model):
field = models.CharField(max_length=32)
class RelatedToMyModel(models.Model):
my_model = models.ForeignKey(MyModel)
related_model = models.ForeignKey(RelatedModel)
additional_field = models.CharField(max_length=32)
admin.py:
from django import forms
from django.contrib import admin
from .models import MyModel
class RelatedToMyModelInline(admin.TabularInline):
model = MyModel.many.through
class MyModelAdminForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = MyModel
class MyModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
form = MyModelAdminForm
inlines = (RelatedToMyModelInline, )
admin.site.register(MyModel, MyModelAdmin)
If I save MyModel first and then add a new related through model via the inline it works fine, but if I try to set the inline while also adding data for a new MyModel, I get the Django Admin error "Please correct the error below." with nothing highlighted below.
How can I have it save MyModel and then save the inline intermediary models after? Clearly Django can save the through model once it has saved MyModel - so I'm just looking for a hook into that. I tried overriding the form's save() method by calling save_m2m() after calling instance.save(), but apparently that doesn't work for M2Ms with a through table.
I'm using Django 1.2, but this is still an issue in 1.3.
UPDATE: Well, I made a test app like above to isolate the problem, and it appears that it works as expected, correctly saving the M2M intermediary object after saving the MyModel object... as long as I let Django automatically create the MyModel.id field when running python manage.py syncdb - once I added the GUID id field, it no longer works.
This smells more and more like a Django bug.

In your MyModelAdmin you might try overriding the save_formset method. This way you can choose the order in which you save.

Related

Manytomany field custom display objects in Django

I'm developing a site where I can manually add photographers to the Django adminpanel and then upload the images taken by them.
I used the default User system in Django and added a field here that shows this user is a photographer or not :
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
# Create your models here.
class User(AbstractUser):
is_photographer = models.BooleanField(default=True)
Also, in the model that I need to put the images, I used ManyToMany field for photographers (because these photos may have been taken by several people) :
from registration import User
class Photo(models.Model):
...
photographers = models.ManyToManyField(User)
The problem is that when adding a new image to the admin panel, users who are not photographers and the is_photographer is False, is also displayed in the Photographers. I want only users who are photographers to be displayed and not normal users.
You can use Django formfield. Django has placed these formfields for different types of fields. To use formfields in ManyToMany relationships, you can use formfield_for_manytomany in the model admin_class.
Try putting this function in the Photo model admin class in the admin.py file of the application where the Photo model is located, and if you don't have a class admin, create one like this:
from .models import Photo
from django.contrib import admin
from registration.models import User
class PhotoAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
def formfield_for_manytomany(self, db_field, request, **kwargs):
kwargs["queryset"] = User.objects.filter(is_photographer=True)
return super(PhotoAdmin, self).formfield_for_manytomany(db_field, request, **kwargs)
admin.site.register(Photo, PhotoAdmin)
In your admin.py file do this:
class PhotoAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
def formfield_for_manytomany(self, db_field, request, **kwargs):
kwargs['queryset'] = Users.objects.filter(is_photographer=True)
return super().formfield_for_manytomany(db_field, request, **kwargs)
admin.site.register(Photo, PhotoAdmin)
You can work with the limit_choices_to=… [Django-doc]:
from django.conf import settings
class Photo(models.Model):
# …
photographers = models.ManyToManyField(
setting.AUTH_USER_MODEL,
limit_choices_to={'is_photographer': True}
)
Note: It is normally better to make use of the settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL [Django-doc] to refer to the user model, than to use the User model [Django-doc] directly. For more information you can see the referencing the User model section of the documentation.

is it necessary to implement ModelForm in our project to implement a CreateView (CBV) in Django 2.0.2?

I am a beginner programming in Django framework and I am learning how to implement a CreateView (a class based view for creating a form based on a model) in my views.py file.
No, you don't the view will automatically create a model form for you, but you have to option of overwriting it.
Let's assume you have MyModel, you can do this:
from myapp.models import MyModel
# views.py
class MyCreateView(CreateView):
model = MyModel
fields = ['something', 'somethingelse'] # these are fields from MyModel
If you do not specify the fields Django will throw an error.
If you want to customize your form validation in some way, you can do this:
# forms.py
class MyForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = MyModel
fields = ['something'] # form fields that map to the model
# ... do some custom stuff
# views.py
class MyCreateView(CreateView):
model = MyModel
form_class = MyForm
Notice that we are not specifying the fields anymore on MyView because if we would it will also throw an error, and the reasons is because the view will fetch the fields from the form.
More information: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/class-based-views/generic-editing/
Code that handles the form_class: https://github.com/django/django/blob/master/django/views/generic/edit.py#L74
You don't need to create a ModelForm, you just need to specify the model in the model attribute, e.g. for an Author model set model = Author.
CreateView uses the ModelFormMixin, which uses this model attribute to handle the ModelForm:
from django.views.generic.edit import CreateView
from myapp.models import Author
class AuthorCreate(CreateView):
model = Author
fields = ['name']
See more here: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/class-based-views/mixins-editing/#django.views.generic.edit.ModelFormMixin.model

Django - Check Other Objects Prior to Save

I want to override the built-in django .save() method to perform a check against all other objects in the database.
For example:
class User(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=120)
class Admin(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=120)
class SecurityGroup(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=120)
users = models.ManytoManyField(User)
admins = models.ManytoManyField(Admin)
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
# check admins don't exist in any other SecurityGroup prior to save
super(SecurityGroup, self).save(*args, **kwargs) # Call the "real" save() method.
The documentation example is pretty simple, and doesn't describe this type of pre-save check.
I have tried adding in lines to .save() such as:
`self.objects.filter(admins__name=self.admins.name).count()`
to call the other SecurityGroup objects but I receive the error:
`Manager is not accessible via SecurityGroup instance`
Is it possible to achieve this save functionality internal to the SecurityGroup Model, or do I need to create a form and use SecurityGroup.save(commit=False) for this type of pre-save check?
Thanks for the help.
The solution that worked for me was to override the Model's form in admin.py. This enabled a simple check whether admins already existed in a SecurityGroup or not.
from django.contrib import admin
from django.forms import ModelForm
from security.models import SecurityGroup
class SecurityGroupAdminForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = SecurityGroup
fields = '__all__'
def clean(self):
# CHECK 1
if admins:
admins = self.cleaned_data['admins']
for a in admins:
existing_group = SecurityGroup.objects.filter(users__username=a.username)
if existing_group:
raise Exception("message")
return self.cleaned_data
Then, within the same admin.py file, indicate the custom form as part of the admin registration for the model of interest (in this case, SecurityGroup):
class UserSecurityGroupAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
# class Meta:
model = UserSecurityGroup
form = UserSecurityGroupAdminForm
admin.site.register(UserSecurityGroup, UserSecurityGroupAdmin)
The error is caused by accessing the Manager of a model through a model instance. You should have used
self.model_class().objects

Indirect inline in Django admin

I have the following models:
class UserProfile(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User)
class Property(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(User)
I would like to create a TabularInline displaying every Property connected to a particular UserProfile on its Django admin page. The problem here is, of course, that Property does not have a ForeignKey directly to UserProfile, so I cannot simply write
class PropertyTabularInline(admin.TabularInline):
model = Property
class UserProfileAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
inlines = (PropertyTabularInline,)
How can I easily do what I want?
You can overwrite the User admin page to display both the Profile and the Property models.
from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin
from myapp.models import *
class ProfileInline(admin.TabularInline):
model = Profile
class PropertyInline(admin.TabularInline):
model = Property
class UserAdmin(UserAdmin):
inlines = (ProfileInline, PropertyInline,)
admin.site.unregister(User)
admin.site.register(User, UserAdmin)
You can also remove any unwanted/unused User properties from being displayed (e.g. Groups or Permissions)
more here: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/topics/auth/customizing/#extending-the-existing-user-model
and here:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/topics/auth/customizing/#a-full-example
class PropertyTabularInline(admin.TabularInline):
model = Property
def formfield_for_dbfield(self, field, **kwargs):
if field.name == 'user':
# implement your method to get userprofile object from request here.
user_profile = self.get_object(kwargs['request'], UserProfile)
kwargs["queryset"] = Property.objects.filter(user=user_profile)
return super(PropertyInLine, self).formfield_for_dbfield(field, **kwargs)
once this is done, you can add this inline to user UserProfileAdmin like:
class UserProfileAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
inlines = (PropertyTabularInline,)
Haven't tested it, but that should work.
It is achievable by making one change in your models.
Instead of creating OneToOne relationship from UserProfile to User, subclass User creating UserProfile. Code should look like that:
class UserProfile(User):
# some other fields, no relation to User model
class Property(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(User)
That will result in creating UserProfile model that have hidden OneToOne relation to User model, it won't duplicate user model.
After doing that change, your code will work. There are some changes under the hood, like UserProfile no longer have it's own ID, you can access fields from User inside UserProfile and it's hard to swap User model using settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL (that will require creating some custom function returning proper type and changing migration by hand) but if this is not a problem for you, it may be good solution.

Making a foreign key User model extension in Django required

I am extending the Django User model to include a foreign key pointing at another model like so (just like it says in the Django docs):
models.py:
class Ward(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
def __unicode__(self):
return self.name
# Extending the user model
class WardMember(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User)
ward = models.ForeignKey(Ward)
def __unicode__(self):
return self.ward.name
admin.py:
class WardMemberInline(admin.StackedInline):
model = WardMember
can_delete = False
verbose_name_plural = 'ward member'
# Define a new User admin
class UserAdmin(UserAdmin):
inlines = (WardMemberInline, )
admin.site.register(Ward)
# Re-register UserAdmin to get WardMember customizations
admin.site.unregister(User)
admin.site.register(User, UserAdmin)
When I create a new user in the admin interface I want this new WardMember.ward extension to be required. Currently it's not enforcing that. Here's what happens:
Create user succeeds without a ward
Create other records as user succeed
Edit user now won't let me save unless there is a ward selected
I'd really like #1 above to fail.
I've tried figuring out how to override save() for User using a proxy object but that's not working. I looked into the pre_save signal but the docs explicitly say that's not for vetoing saves.
What is the right approach?
Additional information:
I'm using 1.4. I see that in 1.5 I can extend the user class but I'm not in a position to update to 1.5 just yet.
I ended up forging ahead with Django 1.5, but I'll leave this here in case someone has a final answer to contribute that works with 1.4.
In django 1.3.1 I use this code and works fine:
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
class FilterSearchQueries(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=250)
owner = models.ForeignKey(User)
place = models.CharField(max_length=250)
query = models.TextField()

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