python's re: replace regex to regex - python

I have to replace text with text which was found. Smth like this:
regex = u'barbar'
oldstring = u'BarBaR barbarian BarbaRONt'
pattern = re.compile(regex, re.UNICODE | re.DOTALL | re.IGNORECASE)
newstring = pattern.sub(.....)
print(newstring) # And here is what I want to see
>>> u'TEXT1BarBaRTEXT2 TEXT1barbarTEXT2ian TEXT1BarbaRTEXT2ONt'
So I want to receive my original text, where each word that matches 'barbar' (with ignored case) will be surrounded by two words, TEXT1 and TEXT2. Return value must be a unicode string.
How can I realize it? Thanks!

You can use capturing group for that:
regex = u'(barbar)'
...
pattern.sub('TEXT1\\1TEXT2', oldstring)
# => u'TEXT1BarBaRTEXT2 TEXT1barbarTEXT2ian TEXT1BarbaRTEXT2ONt'
Taking barbar into parenthesis makes regexp to capture every part of the string that matches this part of the regexp into a group. As it's the first (and the only one) capturing group you can refer to it as \1 anywhere in the replacement string or in the regexp itself.
For more explanation see (...) and \number sections in the docs.
Btw, if you don't like escaping of the slash before group number you can use raw string instead:
pattern.sub(r'TEXT1\1TEXT2', oldstring)

Related

Where is such a regex wrong?

I am using python.
The pattern is:
re.compile(r'^(.+?)-?.*?\(.+?\)')
The text like:
text1 = 'TVTP-S2(xxxx123123)'
text2 = 'TVTP(xxxx123123)'
I expect to get TVTP
Another option to match those formats is:
^([^-()]+)(?:-[^()]*)?\([^()]*\)
Explanation
^ Start of string
([^-()]+) Capture group 1, match 1+ times any character other than - ( and )
(?:-[^()]*)? As the - is excluded from the first part, optionally match - followed by any char other than ( and )
\([^()]*\) Match from ( till ) without matching any parenthesis between them
Regex demo | Python demo
Example
import re
regex = r"^([^-()]+)(?:-[^()]*)?\([^()]*\)"
s = ("TVTP-S2(xxxx123123)\n"
"TVTP(xxxx123123)\n")
print(re.findall(regex, s, re.MULTILINE))
Output
['TVTP', 'TVTP']
This regex works:
pattern = r'^([^-]+).*\(.+?\)'
>>> re.findall(pattern, 'TVTP-S2(xxxx123123)')
['TVTP']
>>> re.findall(pattern, 'TVTP(xxxx123123)')
['TVTP']
a quick answer will be
^(\w+)(-.*?)?\((.*?)\)$
https://regex101.com/r/wL4jKe/2/
It is because the first plus is lazy, and the subsequent dash is optional, followed by a pattern that allows any character.
This allows the regex engine to choose the single letter T for the first group (because it is lazy), choose to interpret the dash as just not being there, which is allowed because it is followed by a question mark, and then have the next .* match "VTP-S2".
You can just grab non-dashes to capture, followed by nonparentheses up to the parentheses.
p=re.compile(r'^([^-]*?)[^(]*\(.+?\)')
p.search('TVTP-S2(xxxx123123) blah()').group(1)
The nonparentheses part prevents the second portion from matching 'S2(xxxx123123) blah(' in my modified example above.

how to make a list in python from a string and using regular expression [duplicate]

I have a sample string <alpha.Customer[cus_Y4o9qMEZAugtnW] active_card=<alpha.AlphaObject[card] ...>, created=1324336085, description='Customer for My Test App', livemode=False>
I only want the value cus_Y4o9qMEZAugtnW and NOT card (which is inside another [])
How could I do it in easiest possible way in Python?
Maybe by using RegEx (which I am not good at)?
How about:
import re
s = "alpha.Customer[cus_Y4o9qMEZAugtnW] ..."
m = re.search(r"\[([A-Za-z0-9_]+)\]", s)
print m.group(1)
For me this prints:
cus_Y4o9qMEZAugtnW
Note that the call to re.search(...) finds the first match to the regular expression, so it doesn't find the [card] unless you repeat the search a second time.
Edit: The regular expression here is a python raw string literal, which basically means the backslashes are not treated as special characters and are passed through to the re.search() method unchanged. The parts of the regular expression are:
\[ matches a literal [ character
( begins a new group
[A-Za-z0-9_] is a character set matching any letter (capital or lower case), digit or underscore
+ matches the preceding element (the character set) one or more times.
) ends the group
\] matches a literal ] character
Edit: As D K has pointed out, the regular expression could be simplified to:
m = re.search(r"\[(\w+)\]", s)
since the \w is a special sequence which means the same thing as [a-zA-Z0-9_] depending on the re.LOCALE and re.UNICODE settings.
You could use str.split to do this.
s = "<alpha.Customer[cus_Y4o9qMEZAugtnW] active_card=<alpha.AlphaObject[card]\
...>, created=1324336085, description='Customer for My Test App',\
livemode=False>"
val = s.split('[', 1)[1].split(']')[0]
Then we have:
>>> val
'cus_Y4o9qMEZAugtnW'
This should do the job:
re.match(r"[^[]*\[([^]]*)\]", yourstring).groups()[0]
your_string = "lnfgbdgfi343456dsfidf[my data] ljfbgns47647jfbgfjbgskj"
your_string[your_string.find("[")+1 : your_string.find("]")]
courtesy: Regular expression to return text between parenthesis
You can also use
re.findall(r"\[([A-Za-z0-9_]+)\]", string)
if there are many occurrences that you would like to find.
See also for more info:
How can I find all matches to a regular expression in Python?
You can use
import re
s = re.search(r"\[.*?]", string)
if s:
print(s.group(0))
How about this ? Example illusrated using a file:
f = open('abc.log','r')
content = f.readlines()
for line in content:
m = re.search(r"\[(.*?)\]", line)
print m.group(1)
Hope this helps:
Magic regex : \[(.*?)\]
Explanation:
\[ : [ is a meta char and needs to be escaped if you want to match it literally.
(.*?) : match everything in a non-greedy way and capture it.
\] : ] is a meta char and needs to be escaped if you want to match it literally.
This snippet should work too, but it will return any text enclosed within "[]"
re.findall(r"\[([a-zA-Z0-9 ._]*)\]", your_text)

python - regex to remove a if it occures after a b

I want to remove all the dots in a text that appear after a vowel character. how can I do that?
Here is the code I wish I had:
string = re.sub('[aeuio]\.', '[aeuio]', string)
Meaning like keep whatever vowel you have matched and remove the '.' next to it.
Capture the vowel and replace with a backreference to it:
import re
s = "Se.hi.mo."
s = re.sub(r'([aeuio])\.', r'\1', s)
print(s) # => Sehimo
See the Python demo and a regex demo.
Here, ([aeuio]) forms a capturing group and \1 in the replacement pattern is a numbered backreference referencing the text captured into Group 1.
Mind the usage of raw string literals where a backslash does not form an escape sequence: r'\1' = '\\1'.

python RE white space in the pattern

I am writing a Python script to find a tag name in a string like this:
string='Tag Name =LIC100 State =TRUE'
If a use a expression like this
re.search('Name(.*)State',string)
I get " =LIC100". I would like to get just LIC100.
Any suggestions on how to set up the pattern to eliminate the whitespace and the equal signal?
That is because you get 0+ chars other than line break chars from Name up to the last State. You may restrict the pattern in Group 1 to just non-whitespaces:
import re
string='Tag Name =LIC100 State =TRUE'
m = re.search(r'Name\s*=(\S*)',string)
if m:
print(m.group(1))
See the Python demo
Pattern details:
Name - a literal char sequence
\s* - 0+ whitespaces
= - a literal =
(\S*) - Group 1 capturing 0+ chars other than whitespace (or \S+ can be used to match 1 or more chars other than whitespace).
The easiest solution would probably just be to strip it out after the fact, like so:
s = " =LIC100 "
s = s.strip('= ')
print(s)
#LIC100
If you insist on doing it within the regex, you can try something like:
reg = r'Name[ =]+([A-Za-z0-9]+)\s+State'
Your current regex is failing because (.*) captures all characters until the occurance of State. Instead of capturing everything, you can use a positive lookbehind to describe what preceeds, but is not included in, the content you actually want to capture. In this case, "Name =" preceeds the match, so we can stick it in the lookbehind assertion as (?<=Name =), then proceed to capture everything until the next whitespace:
>>> import re
>>> s = 'Tag Name =LIC100 State =TRUE'
>>> r = re.compile("(?<=Name =)\w*")
>>> print(r.search(s))
<_sre.SRE_Match object; span=(10, 16), match='LIC100'>
>>> print(r.search(s).group(0))
LIC100
Following the tips above, I manage to find a nice solution.
Actually, the string I am trying to process has some non-printable characters. It is like this
"Tag Name\x00=LIC100\x00\tState=TRUE"
Using the concept of lookahead and lookbehind I found the following solution:
import re
s = 'Tag Name\x00=LIC100\x00\tState=TRUE'
T=re.search(r'(?<=Name\x00=)(.*)(?=\x00\tState)',s)
print(T.group(0))
The nice thing about this is that the outcome does not have any non-printable character on it.
<_sre.SRE_Match object; span=(10, 16), match='LIC100'>

Use python 3 regex to match a string in double quotes

I want to match a string contained in a pair of either single or double quotes. I wrote a regex pattern as so:
pattern = r"([\"\'])[^\1]*\1"
mytext = '"bbb"ccc"ddd'
re.match(pattern, mytext).group()
The expected output would be:
"bbb"
However, this is the output:
"bbb"ccc"
Can someone explain what's wrong with the pattern above? I googled and found the correct pattern to be:
pattern = r"([\"\'])[^\1]*?\1"
However, I don't understand why I must use ?.
In your regex
([\"'])[^\1]*\1
Character class is meant for matching only one character. So your use of [^\1] is incorrect. Think, what would have have happened if there were more than one characters in the first capturing group.
You can use negative lookahead like this
(["'])((?!\1).)*\1
or simply with alternation
(["'])(?:[^"'\\]+|\\.)*\1
or
(?<!\\)(["'])(?:[^"'\\]+|\\.)*\1
if you want to make sure "b\"ccc" does not matches in string bb\"b\"ccc"
You should use a negative lookahead assertion. And I assume there won't be any escaped quotes in your input string.
>>> pattern = r"([\"'])(?:(?!\1).)*\1"
>>> mytext = '"bbb"ccc"ddd'
>>> re.search(pattern, mytext).group()
'"bbb"'
You can use:
pattern = r"[\"'][^\"']*[\"']"
https://regex101.com/r/dO0cA8/1
[^\"']* will match everything that isn't " or '

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