Develop Reference

Python Code on my XAMPP Website won´t work

from flask import Flask, render_template, request
import random
import datetime
app = Flask(__name__)
# List to store the submitted URLs
urls = []
#app.route('/')
def index():
return render_template('index.html')
#app.route('/submit', methods=['POST'])
def submit():
url = request.form['url']
# Add the URL to the list and return a success message
urls.append(url)
return "URL submitted successfully!"
#app.route('/stream')
def stream():
# Select a random URL from the last 20 days
now = datetime.datetime.now()
twenty_days_ago = now - datetime.timedelta(days=20)
recent_urls = [url for url in urls if url.submission_time > twenty_days_ago]
current_song_url = random.choice(recent_urls)
return render_template('stream.html', url=current_song_url)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)
I want to use this Code for my XAMPP Website (Html/php mostly used) but it only shows the code. So I watched some tutorials with config stuff and all that but then there is an internal server error. What should I do?
I tried to config Apache (httpd.conf) and installed everything (Python, Flask etc.)

Dialogflow response from webhook using flask python integration platform digital human uneeq

I am trying to send a response to Dialogflow Es using webhook written in python-flask.
Integration platform :
digital human --> Uneeq
I tried with the fulfillment library (dialogflow_fulfillment) but it was not working so I tried it without a library like :
if req.get('queryResult').get('action') == 'appointment':
print("ïntent triggered")
return {"fulfillmentText": 'BUDDY!'}
It worked!
Now the issue is before integrating this chatbot to digital human I wrote the whole code using the fulfillment library. Now I need to change the whole code for this purpose.
As I am unable to extract entities using context-based intents (session-vars) like :
case = agent.context.get('session-vars').get('parameters').get('case')
name = agent.context.get('session-vars').get('parameters').get('name')['name']
email = agent.context.get('session-vars').get('parameters').get('email')
phone = agent.context.get('session-vars').get('parameters').get('phone')
So my question is how to accomplish this task successfully?
If I try to use the fulfillment library then how to send a response to Dialogflow so that digital human will understand it since "agent.add" doesn't work.
Or, If I try to do it without a library then how to extract entities(from the session-vars) like (case, name, email, phone).
I need to save all these parameters(entities) in firebase, These output context (only session-vars parameters not other contexts):
This is the response I am getting correctly without library:
Unable to proceed at any cost!
looking forward to your response.
Thanks in advance!
Complete code (with the library):
from dialogflow_fulfillment import WebhookClient
from flask import Flask, request, Response
import json
app = Flask(__name__)
def handler(agent: WebhookClient) :
"""Handle the webhook request.."""
req = request.get_json(force=True)
a= req.get('queryResult').get('action')
if req.get('queryResult').get('action') == 'appointment':
name = agent.context.get('session-vars').get('parameters').get('name')['name']
email = agent.context.get('session-vars').get('parameters').get('email')
phone = agent.context.get('session-vars').get('parameters').get('phone')
print("ïntent triggered")
agent.add('BUDDY!')
#app.route('/webhook', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def webhook():
req = request.get_json(force=True)
agent = WebhookClient(req)
agent.handle_request(handler)
return agent.response
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)
Complete code (without library):
import urllib
import json
import os
from flask import Flask
from flask import request
from flask import make_response
# Flask app should start in global layout
app = Flask(__name__)
#app.route('/webhook', methods=['POST'])
def webhook():
req = request.get_json(silent=True, force=True)
res = makeWebhookResult(req)
res = json.dumps(res, indent=4)
r = make_response(res)
#print(res)
r.headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/json'
return r
def makeWebhookResult(req):
intent_name = req.get('queryResult').get('intent').get('displayName')
print(intent_name)
action_name = req['queryResult']['action']
if req.get('queryResult').get('action') == 'input.welcome':
print("intent trigered")
return {"fulfillmentText": 'Hi there'}
if action_name == 'test':
cont = req.get('queryResult').get('outputContexts')[0]['name']
print(type(cont))
x = cont.split("/")
print(x[6])
if x[6] == 'session-vars' :
para = req['queryResult']['outputContexts']
print(para)
print("test intent trigered")
return {"fulfillmentText": 'Bye there'}
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)

How to call microservice-2 from microservice-1 using python?

How to call my microservice-2 from microservice-1. So our result looks like this:-
Result :- {“message”: “vivek”} --> {“message”: “keviv”, “random”: 3.89}
command to access microservice-1:-
curl http://127.0.0.1:5000/reverse_random/vivek
microservice-1
from flask import Flask, jsonify
app = Flask(__name__)
#app.route('/reverse_reandom/<string:string>', methods=['GET'])
def reverse(string):
string = string[::-1]
return jsonify({'message': string })
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug = True)
microservice-2
import random
from flask import Flask, jsonify
app = Flask(__name__)
#app.route('/', methods=['GET'])
def myRandom():
r1 = random.uniform(0, 10)
return jsonify({'message': r1 })
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)

you'll need to issue a GET request to service 2 in order to get the random number, I suggest to use requests for this, like
r = requests.get('url-for-service-2:port/')
data = r.json()
random_num = data['message']
keep in mind to check the data object for message key, or using .get() or equivalent

Run microservice-2 on a different port. Send request using Python standard or 3rd party library from microservice-1
to microservice-2 upon request to microservice-1.
Below is the example of using Python3 standard library only:
m1.py:
from flask import Flask, jsonify
import urllib
import json
app = Flask(__name__)
#app.route('/reverse_random/<string:string>', methods=['GET'])
def reverse(string):
content = urllib.request.urlopen('http://127.0.0.1:5001').read().decode('utf-8')
print('response from m2: ', content)
string = string[::-1]
return jsonify({'message': string, 'random' : json.loads(content)['message']})
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug = True)
m2.py:
import random
from flask import Flask, jsonify
app = Flask(__name__)
#app.route('/', methods=['GET'])
def myRandom():
r1 = random.uniform(0, 10)
return jsonify({'message': r1 })
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True, port=5001) # running m2 on a different port than default 5000
Run the m1: python3 m1.py
Run the m2 in a different shell: python3 m2.py
Send request to m1: curl http://127.0.0.1:5000/reverse_random/vivek
The result is:
{
"message": "keviv",
"random": 4.138115905045612
}
Observe the log of m1 and of m2 to make sure m2 was invoked.

To connect between services you can use background tasks such as celery and ramq or use nsq and nats

Display MongoDB Documents data on a Webpage using Python Flask

I wrote a code using Python and trying to display all the Documents from Mongodb on a web page. However, on webpage I see the Column names, but no data.
And on the command, it does print all the data. Any help is greatly appreciated.
import pymongo
from pymongo import MongoClient
import datetime
import sys
from flask import Flask, render_template, request
import werkzeug
from flask_table import Table,Col
from bson.json_util import dumps
import json
app = Flask(__name__)
try:
client = pymongo.MongoClient("XXXX")
print("Connected to Avengers MongoClient Successfully from Project
Script!!!")
except:
print("Connection to MongoClient Failed!!!")
db = client.avengers_hack_db
#app.route('/')
def Results():
try:
Project_List_Col = db.ppm_master_db_collection.find()#.limit(10)
for row in Project_List_Col:
print(row)
return render_template('Results.html',tasks=row)
except Exception as e:
return dumps({'error': str(e)})
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug = True)
The HTML (Results.html) Page is:
<html>
<body>
{% for task_id in tasks %}
<h3>{{task_id}}</h3>
{% endfor %}
</body>
</html>

Removed the for loop and rewrote the code as below:
#app.route('/')
def Results():
try:
Project_List_Col = db.ppm_master_db_collection.find()
return render_template('Results.html',tasks=Project_List_Col)
except Exception as e:
return dumps({'error': str(e)})
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug = True)
Documents are displayed on the HTML Page as is.
(***Will work on the formatting part. Meanwhile any pointers are greatly appreciated.)

Try using key,value function of for loop and also remove that loop in the python app file from route like upper answer #Dinakar suggested

How to return 400 (Bad Request) on Flask?

I have created a simple flask app that and I'm reading the response from python as:
response = requests.post(url,data=json.dumps(data), headers=headers )
data = json.loads(response.text)
Now my issue is that under certain conditions I want to return a 400 or 500 message response. So far I'm doing it like this:
abort(400, 'Record not found')
#or
abort(500, 'Some error...')
This does print the message on the terminal:
But in the API response I kept getting a 500 error response:
The structure of the code is as follows:
|--my_app
|--server.py
|--main.py
|--swagger.yml
Where server.py has this code:
from flask import render_template
import connexion
# Create the application instance
app = connexion.App(__name__, specification_dir="./")
# read the swagger.yml file to configure the endpoints
app.add_api("swagger.yml")
# Create a URL route in our application for "/"
#app.route("/")
def home():
"""
This function just responds to the browser URL
localhost:5000/
:return: the rendered template "home.html"
"""
return render_template("home.html")
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port="33")
And main.py has all the function I'm using for the API endpoints.
E.G:
def my_funct():
abort(400, 'Record not found')
When my_funct is called, I get the Record not found printed on the terminal, but not in the response from the API itself, where I always get the 500 message error.

You have a variety of options:
The most basic:
#app.route('/')
def index():
return "Record not found", 400
If you want to access the headers, you can grab the response object:
#app.route('/')
def index():
resp = make_response("Record not found", 400)
resp.headers['X-Something'] = 'A value'
return resp
Or you can make it more explicit, and not just return a number, but return a status code object
from flask_api import status
#app.route('/')
def index():
return "Record not found", status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST
Further reading:
You can read more about the first two here: About Responses (Flask quickstart)
And the third here: Status codes (Flask API Guide)

I like to use the flask.Response class:
from flask import Response
#app.route("/")
def index():
return Response(
"The response body goes here",
status=400,
)
flask.abort is a wrapper around werkzeug.exceptions.abort which is really just a helper method to make it easier to raise HTTP exceptions. That's fine in most cases, but for restful APIs, I think it may be better to be explicit with return responses.

Here's some snippets from a Flask app I wrote years ago. It has an example of a 400 response
import werkzeug
from flask import Flask, Response, json
from flask_restplus import reqparse, Api, Resource, abort
from flask_restful import request
from flask_cors import CORS
app = Flask(__name__)
CORS(app)
api = Api(app)
parser = reqparse.RequestParser()
parser.add_argument('address_to_score', type=werkzeug.datastructures.FileStorage, location='files')
class MissingColumnException(Exception):
pass
class InvalidDateFormatException(Exception):
pass
#api.route('/project')
class Project(Resource):
#api.expect(parser)
#api.response(200, 'Success')
#api.response(400, 'Validation Error')
def post(self):
"""
Takes in an excel file of addresses and outputs a JSON with scores and rankings.
"""
try:
df, input_trees, needed_zones = data.parse_incoming_file(request)
except MissingColumnException as e:
abort(400, 'Excel File Missing Mandatory Column(s):', columns=str(e))
except Exception as e:
abort(400, str(e))
project_trees = data.load_needed_trees(needed_zones, settings['directories']['current_tree_folder'])
df = data.multiprocess_query(df, input_trees, project_trees)
df = data.score_locations(df)
df = data.rank_locations(df)
df = data.replace_null(df)
output_file = df.to_dict('index')
resp = Response(json.dumps(output_file), mimetype='application/json')
resp.status_code = 200
return resp
#api.route('/project/health')
class ProjectHealth(Resource):
#api.response(200, 'Success')
def get(self):
"""
Returns the status of the server if it's still running.
"""
resp = Response(json.dumps('OK'), mimetype='application/json')
resp.status_code = 200
return resp

You can return a tuple with the second element being the status (either 400 or 500).
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
#app.route('/')
def hello():
return "Record not found", 400
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run()
Example of calling the API from python:
import requests
response = requests.get('http://127.0.0.1:5000/')
response.text
# 'This is a bad request!'
response.status_code
# 400

I think you're using the abort() function correctly. I suspect the issue here is that an error handler is that is catching the 400 error and then erroring out which causes the 500 error. See here for more info on flask error handling.
As an example, the following would change a 400 into a 500 error:
#app.errorhandler(400)
def handle_400_error(e):
raise Exception("Unhandled Exception")
If you're not doing any error handling, it could be coming from the connexion framework, although I'm not familiar with this framework.

You can simply use #app.errorhandler decorator.
example:
#app.errorhandler(400)
def your_function():
return 'your custom text', 400