Populating Django Templates from retrieved records - python

I'm familar with using templates to collect the data, but on displaying is there a smart way that Django will display the fields and populate them with the right values. I can do it manually of course, but the model knows the field type. I didn't see any documentation on this. For example I collect data from the template with:
<strong>Company Name</strong>
<font color="red">{{ form.companyname.errors }}</font>
{{ form.companyname }}
where form is my company model containing all the fields. How would I go about ensuring that I could use this type of methodology such that Django would render the text fields and populate with the current values. For example is there a way to send in values in the following way:
myid = int(self.request.get('id'))
myrecord = Company.get_by_id(myid)
category_list = CompanyCategory.all()
path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'editcompany.html')
self.response.out.write(template.render(path, {'form': myrecord, 'category_list': category_list}))
Can I do the same this with records and will the template populate with values sent in? Thanks

It sounds like you may be confused about the difference and proper usage of Form vs ModelForm
Regardless of which type of form you use, the templating side of forms stays the same:
Note: all of the values in your form (as long as its bound to POST or has an instance) will be prepopulated at render.
<form class="well" action="{% url member-profile %}" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">{% csrf_token %}
<fieldset>
{{ form.non_field_errors }}
{{ form.display_name.label_tag }}
<span class="help-block">{{ form.display_name.help_text }}</span>
{{ form.display_name }}
<span class="error">{{ form.display_name.errors }}</span>
{{ form.biography.label_tag }}
<span class="help-block">{{ form.biography.help_text }}</span>
{{ form.biography }}
<span class="error">{{ form.biography.errors }}</span>
<input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Save" />
</fieldset>
</form>
if you want to be populating a form from a record (or submit a form as a record) its probably best to use ModelForm
EX a profile form that doesn't display the User FK dropdown:
class ProfileForm(forms.ModelForm):
"""Profile form"""
class Meta:
model = Profile
exclude = ('user',)
The View:
def profile(request):
"""Manage Account"""
if request.user.is_anonymous() :
# user isn't logged in
messages.info(request, _(u'You are not logged in!'))
return redirect('member-login')
# get the currently logged in user's profile
profile = request.user.profile
# check to see if this request is a post
if request.method == "POST":
# Bind the post to the form w/ profile as initial
form = ProfileForm(request.POST, instance=profile)
if form.is_valid() :
# if the form is valid
form.save()
messages.success(request, _(u'Success! You have updated your profile.'))
else :
# if the form is invalid
messages.error(request, _(u'Error! Correct all errors in the form below and resubmit.'))
else:
# set the initial form values to the current user's profile's values
form = ProfileForm(instance=profile)
return render(
request,
'membership/manage/profile.html',
{
'form': form,
}
)
notice that the outer else initializes the form with an instance: form = ProfileForm(instance=profile) and that the form submit initializes the form with post, BUT still binds to instance form = ProfileForm(request.POST, instance=profile)

If you're looking at forms, it would seem like a good idea to start with Django's forms framework, specifically forms for models.

Related

Django forms checkbox selection does not work

I have a Django form with a check box for "Accept terms of service" but if I check it or not my app blocks the request with the message "you have to accept our Terms of service".
Here is my code:
forms.py
class ProfileModelForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = UserProfile
fields = ['u_fullname',
'u_job',
'u_country',
'u_email',
'u_terms',
]
def clean(self):
cleaned_data = super(ProfileModelForm, self).clean()
u_fullname = cleaned_data.get('u_fullname')
u_job = cleaned_data.get('u_job')
u_country = cleaned_data.get('u_country')
u_email = cleaned_data.get('u_email')
u_terms = cleaned_data.get('u_terms')
if not u_terms:
raise forms.ValidationError("Please read and accept our Terms of Service")
if not u_fullname and not u_job and not u_country and not u_terms:
raise forms.ValidationError('You have to write something!')
return cleaned_data
Field u_terms is a Booleanfield in my model.
the views.py:
if request.method == 'POST':
if 'user_reg' in request.POST:
form = ProfileModelForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
instance = form.save(commit=False)
#Create user and get the id
n_user = User.objects.create_user(username=request.POST['u_email'],
email=request.POST['u_email'],
password=request.POST['u_password'])
instance.user = User.objects.get(id=n_user.id)
instance.u_profile = 'U'
print("TERMS-->",request.POST['u_terms'])
instance.save()
return # Put return here
else:
messages.error(request, "Error")
#form = ProfileModelForm()
return render(request, 'login.html', {'form': form})
elif 'register' in request.POST:
pass
elif 'company' in request.POST:
pass
and the html template part related to my checkbox:
<div class="col-lg-12 no-pdd">
<div class="checky-sec st2">
<div class="fgt-sec">
<input type="checkbox" name="cc" id="c2" value={{ form.u_terms }}>
<label for="c2">
<span></span>
</label>
<small>Yes, I understand and agree to the workwise Terms & Conditions.</small>
</div><!--fgt-sec end-->
</div>
</div>
I imagine the problem is in my html part but I don't know how can I manage boolean fields from checkbox.
Someone can help me?
The "name" attribute of your <input> element does not match the POST attribute expected by your form: cc != u_terms.
You can solve this in two ways:
Use {{ form.u_terms }} to render the entire <input> tag. Note that you put that into the value attribute, which is wrong (look at the source code inside your browser, you'll see what I mean).
{{ form.u_terms }}
{{ form.u_terms.label_tag }}
If you must customise attributes of your <input> (which doesn't seem to be the case here), then make sure you still refer to your form's field so that the various attributes are correct:
<input type="checkbox" name="{{ form.u_terms.html_name }}" id="{{ form.u_terms.id_for_label }}" class="some-custom-class">
<label for="{{ form.u_terms.id_for_label }}"><span></span></label>

Stuck with django form validation

I'm trying to get validation running on a django form used to retrieve a list of objects in a ListView View. Despite having read django docs and many other questions here, I can't find out what's wrong in this simple test code:
form.html
<form action="list.html" method="get">
{{ form }}
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
list.html
<ul>
{% for area in object_list %}
<li>{{ area.name }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
forms.py
from django import forms
class SearchArea(forms.Form):
area = forms.CharField(label='Area code', max_length=6)
def clean_area(self):
area = self.cleaned_data['area'].upper()
if '2' in area:
raise forms.ValidationError("Error!")
return area
views.py
class HomePageView(FormView):
template_name = 'form.html'
form_class = SearchArea
class AreaListView(ListView):
template_name = 'list.html'
model = AreaCentral
def get_queryset(self):
q = self.request.GET.get('area')
return AreaCentral.objects.filter(area__istartswith=q)
When I try to submit something like "2e" I would expect a validation error, instead the form is submitted. Moreover I can see in the GET parameters that 'area' is not even converted to uppercase ('2E' instead of '2e').
The default a FormView will only process the form on POST; the GET is for initially displaying the empty form. So you need to use method="post" in your template form element.
Your action attribute is also suspect; it needs to point to the URL of the form view. If that actually is the URL, note it's not usual to use extensions like ".html" in Django URLs, and I would recommend not doing so.

Django 2.0.1: Looping to create radio buttons breaks "required" setting

I have struggled with this problem for a while so I appreciate any help, however vague.
Django 2.0.1: The "required" setting that Django uses for validating whether a field is valid works fine if I input:
{{ client_primary_sector }} in to the applicable html file with the "required" setting chosen via the data model (blank=False) or via forms.py (attrs={"required": "required"}). However, the "required" setting fails when I use for loops to produce radio buttons.
See below for a working and broken example.
models.py:.
class SurveyInstance(models.Model):
client_primary_sector = models.CharField(choices=PRIMARY_SECTOR, null=True, default='no_selection', blank=False, max_length=100)
Please note from above the `default='no_selection', which is not in the PRIMARY_SECTOR choices and isn't rendered as an option to the user. This forces the user to select before data is saved (I have confirmed it works).
forms.py
class ClientProfileForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = SurveyInstance
fields = ('client_primary_sector',)
widgets = {'client_primary_sector': forms.RadioSelect(choices=PRIMARY_SECTOR, attrs={"required": "required"}),
}
views.py
def client_profile_edit(request, pk):
# get the record details from the database using the primary key
survey_inst = get_object_or_404(SurveyInstance, pk=pk)
# if details submitted by user
if request.method == "POST":
# get information from the posted form
form = ClientProfileForm(request.POST, instance=survey_inst)
if form.is_valid():
survey_inst = form.save()
# redirect to Next view:
return redirect('questionnaire:business-process-management', pk=survey_inst.pk)
else:
# Retrieve existing data
form = ClientProfileForm(instance=survey_inst)
return render(request, 'questionnaire/client_profile.html', {'form': form})
client_profile.html
<!-- this works: -->
<!-- <div class="radio_3_cols">
{{ form.client_primary_sector }}
</div> -->
<!-- this doesn't: -->
{% for choice in form.client_primary_sector %}
<div class="radio radio-primary radio-inline">
{{ choice.tag }}
<label for='{{ form.client_primary_sector .auto_id }}_{{ forloop.counter0 }}'>{{ choice.choice_label }}</label>
</div>
{% endfor %}
You may wonder why I don't just use the working solution... I would like to be able to use the for loop logic for other situations and so require a solution.
Answered my own question. From the documentation for 2.0:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/forms/widgets/#radioselect
The correct syntax is:
{% for radio in form.client_profile %}
<label for="{{ radio.id_for_label }}">
{{ radio.choice_label }}
<span class="radio">{{ radio.tag }}</span>
</label>
{% endfor %}
Not whatever I found before. Confirmed as working. Hoorah!

Django/Python register page

I'm making a register page for my django (version 2.0) website, but it pretty messy to me, I'm pretty sure the bullet points and the additional information is not supposed to show up right away.
How can I make this register page look cleaner? Ie. just the username, password, and confirmation textbox, rather than all the messages.
Thanks!
Register.html
<h2>Sign up</h2>
<br>
<form method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
{{ form.as_p }}
<button type="submit">Sign up</button>
</form>
Register view
def register(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
form = UserCreationForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
username = form.cleaned_data.get('username')
raw_password = form.cleaned_data.get('password1')
user = authenticate(username=username, password=raw_password)
login(request, user)
return redirect('index')
else:
form = UserCreationForm()
return render(request, 'todo/register.html', {'form': form})
There are many ways to achieve this.
Overriding the default UserCreationForm()
class MyForm(UserCreationForm):
email = forms.EmailField(required=True)
email.help_text = ''
...
In the view template instead of using {{ form.as_p }} render the form manually
<form action="" method="post">{% csrf_token %}
{{ form.username.label }}
{{ form.username }}
...
</form>
Design your custom template and map the field name to the form field name.
Hope it helps !
You did not specify where this UserCreationForm came from nor your django version, but anyway: searching django's code source it appears that those are the help_text for the various widgets / fields of the default contrib.auth.forms.UserCreationForm, so yes the "bullet points and the additional information" is actually "supposed to show up right away". And as far as I'm concerned (from a user perspective I mean) it's a good thing that it does "show up right away", so I don't have to retype username and passwords twice, thrice or more until I found out by trial/errors what the system expects (or, more often, just plain give up registering on this site).
Now if you really want to frustrate your users (and loose half of them on the way), you can of course mask all those useful informations by rendering the form manually so you have full control on which messages appear, when, where and how.

Break up several actions into multiple view functions

I have one large view function where a user can Add, Edit, Delete, and Update his education. I am currently doing this all in one view because I haven't yet learned how to split up views by function. Here is what I currently have --
I have a single URL pointing to the view --
url(r'^profile/edit/education/$', 'views.edit_education', name='edit_education')
Here is my model/modelform --
class Education(models.Model):
school = models.CharField(max_length=100)
class_year = models.IntegerField(max_length=4, blank=True, null=True, choices=YEAR)
degree = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True)
user = models.ForeignKey('UserProfile')
class EducationForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Education
exclude = ('user',)
Here is my view --
#login_required
def edit_education(request, edit=0):
"""
In the edit profile page, allows a user to edit his education
and add multiple school entries.
"""
profile = request.user.get_profile()
education = profile.education_set.order_by('-class_year') # for the template. display all eduation entries
# unindented for legibility
if request.method == 'POST':
if 'Add School' in request.POST.values():
form = EducationForm(data=request.POST, request=request) # passing request to form to do validation based on request.user
if form.is_valid():
new_education = form.save(commit=False)
new_education.user = profile
new_education.save()
return redirect('edit_education')
if 'Delete' in request.POST.values():
for education_id in [key[7:] for key, value in request.POST.iteritems() if key.startswith('delete')]:
Education.objects.get(id=education_id).delete()
return redirect('edit_education')
if 'Edit' in request.POST.values():
for education_id in [key[5:] for key, value in request.POST.iteritems() if value == 'Edit' and key.startswith('edit')]:
edit = 1
school_object = Education.objects.get(id = education_id)
form = EducationForm(instance = school_object, request=request)
return render_to_response('userprofile/edit_education.html', {'form': form, 'education':education, 'edit': edit, 'education_id': education_id}, context_instance=RequestContext(request))
if 'Cancel' in request.POST.values():
return redirect('edit_education')
if 'Save Changes' in request.POST.values():
form = EducationForm(request.POST, request=request, edit=1)
if form.is_valid():
Education.objects.get(id=request.POST['education_id']).delete() # is there a way to update instead of delete and re-add?
new_education = form.save(commit=False)
new_education.user = profile
new_education.save()
return redirect('edit_education')
else:
form = EducationForm(request=request)
return render_to_response('userprofile/edit_education.html', {'form': form, 'education': education, }, context_instance=RequestContext(request))
And finally, my template --
<h3>Edit education info for {{user.get_full_name}}</h3>
<form action="." method="post"> {% csrf_token %}
{% if education %}
{% for education in education %}
<p><b>{{ education.school }}</b> {% if education.class_year %}{{ education.class_year|shorten_year}}, {% endif %} {{ education.degree}}
<input type="submit" name="edit_{{education.id}}" value='Edit' />
<input type="submit" name="delete_{{education.id}}" value="Delete" /></p>
{% endfor %}
{% endif %}
<table>
<input type="hidden" name="education_id" value="{{education_id}}" />
<tr><td>School:</td><td>{{form.school}}{{form.school.errors}}</td></tr>
<tr><td>Class Year</td><td>{{form.class_year}}{{form.class_year.errors}}</td></tr>
<tr><td>Degree:</td><td>{{form.degree}}{{form.degree.errors}}</td></tr>
<tr>{{form.non_field_errors}}</tr>
</table>
{% if not edit %}
<p><input type="submit" name="add" value="Add School" ></p>
{% else %}
<p><input type="submit" name="save" value="Save Changes" >
<input type="submit" name="cancel" value="Cancel" ></p>
{% endif %}
</form>
And the end is here. How would I separate one of these actions in the view into separate view functions using separate URLs? One or two examples would be more than enough. Thank you very much for your help.
A few ideas:
You could split your one big html form element into chunks
You could use AJAX submit handler to change URL based on pressed submit button
You could do what user Cerales suggested, but instead of redirecting which loses POST data you could just call add_school() and other methods, possibly having also dictionary map of actions mapped to their handlers: action_map = {'Add School': add_school, ...} - this would eliminate chain of conditions
You could use class-based view which would be basically a class-based version of #3. Django docs for generic class-based views are here
I can elaborate on any of those ideas if you will.
--
EDIT:
Answering your question from comments:
from django.views.generic.base import View
class MySchoolView(View):
def post(self, request, *kargs, **kwargs):
if 'Add School' in request.POST:
return self.add_school(request, *kargs, **kwargs)
# (...)
def add_school(self, request, *kargs, **kwargs):
# (...)
Then in urls.py:
(r'^schools/add/$', MySchoolView.as_view())
Note that the above is not tested so might require some tweaks to work. View class source code is here.
There's a couple of ways you could do this.
This could be a part of your view:
if request.method == 'POST':
if 'Add School' in request.POST.values():
return HttpResponseRedirect('/add_school/')
Then this could be part of another view, corresponding with the /add_school/ url:
def add_school(request):
if request.method=='POST':
form = EducationForm(data=request.POST, request=request) # passing request to form to do validation based on request.user
if form.is_valid():
new_education = form.save(commit=False)
new_education.user = profile
new_education.save()
return redirect('edit_education')

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