I am bit new to python. I started today. My code looks like this as follows
testcases=[
(([0.5,0.4,0.3],'HHTH'),[0.4166666666666667, 0.432, 0.42183098591549295, 0.43639398998330553]),
(([0.14,0.32,0.42,0.81,0.21],'HHHTTTHHH'),[0.5255789473684211, 0.6512136991788505, 0.7295055220497553, 0.6187139453483192, 0.4823974597714815, 0.3895729901052968, 0.46081730193074644, 0.5444108434105802, 0.6297110187222278]),
(([0.14,0.32,0.42,0.81,0.21],'TTTHHHHHH'),[0.2907741935483871, 0.25157009005730924, 0.23136284577678012, 0.2766575695593804, 0.3296000585271367, 0.38957299010529806, 0.4608173019307465, 0.5444108434105804, 0.6297110187222278]),
(([0.12,0.45,0.23,0.99,0.35,0.36],'THHTHTTH'),[0.28514285714285714, 0.3378256513026052, 0.380956725493104, 0.3518717367468537, 0.37500429586037076, 0.36528605387582497, 0.3555106542906013, 0.37479179323540324]),
(([0.03,0.32,0.59,0.53,0.55,0.42,0.65],'HHTHTTHTHHT'),[0.528705501618123, 0.5522060353798126, 0.5337142767315369, 0.5521920592821695, 0.5348391689038525, 0.5152373451083692, 0.535385450497415, 0.5168208803156963, 0.5357708613431963, 0.5510509656933194, 0.536055356823069])]
print 'Inputs'
print '======'
for inputs,output in testcases:
print inputs[0]
print 'Outputs'
print '======='
for inputs,output in testcases:
print output[0]
In the above code gives output as follows
Inputs
======
[0.5, 0.4, 0.3]
[0.14, 0.32, 0.42, 0.81, 0.21]
[0.14, 0.32, 0.42, 0.81, 0.21]
[0.12, 0.45, 0.23, 0.99, 0.35, 0.36]
[0.03, 0.32, 0.59, 0.53, 0.55, 0.42, 0.65]
Outputs
=======
0.416666666667
0.525578947368
0.290774193548
0.285142857143
0.528705501618
But I need to access each row of the testcases list above like to get the output as follows what should be the code?
([0.5,0.4,0.3],'HHTH'),[0.4166666666666667, 0.432, 0.42183098591549295, 0.43639398998330553])
This will print what you're after (if that's what you mean).
>>> for inputs,outputs in testcases:
... print '%r, %r' % (inputs, outputs)
([0.5, 0.4, 0.3], 'HHTH'), [0.4166666666666667, 0.432, 0.42183098591549295, 0.43639398998330553]
([0.14, 0.32, 0.42, 0.81, 0.21], 'HHHTTTHHH'), [0.5255789473684211, 0.6512136991788505, 0.7295055220497553, 0.6187139453483192, 0.4823974597714815, 0.3895729901052968, 0.46081730193074644, 0.5444108434105802, 0.6297110187222278]
([0.14, 0.32, 0.42, 0.81, 0.21], 'TTTHHHHHH'), [0.2907741935483871, 0.25157009005730924, 0.23136284577678012, 0.2766575695593804, 0.3296000585271367, 0.38957299010529806, 0.4608173019307465, 0.5444108434105804, 0.6297110187222278]
([0.12, 0.45, 0.23, 0.99, 0.35, 0.36], 'THHTHTTH'), [0.28514285714285714, 0.3378256513026052, 0.380956725493104, 0.3518717367468537, 0.37500429586037076, 0.36528605387582497, 0.3555106542906013, 0.37479179323540324]
([0.03, 0.32, 0.59, 0.53, 0.55, 0.42, 0.65], 'HHTHTTHTHHT'), [0.528705501618123, 0.5522060353798126, 0.5337142767315369, 0.5521920592821695, 0.5348391689038525, 0.5152373451083692, 0.535385450497415, 0.5168208803156963, 0.5357708613431963, 0.5510509656933194, 0.536055356823069]
And if you really require the extra ) at the end of the line change the print statement to:
print '%r, %r)' % (inputs, outputs)
Seems like you need a nested loop for that. e.g:
for inputs,output in testcases:
for output in outputs:
print output
Related
I have an array arr100 = np.ones(100). I need to replace these values with decimals,
where arr100[0] has a value 1, arr100[1] = 1/2, arr100[2] = 1/3,
and so on until arr100[99] = 1/100.
How to do this using a for loop in Python?
You can do something like this:
arr100 = np.ones(100)
for n in range(1, 101):
arr100[n-1] /= n
which changes arr100 to:
array([1. , 0.5 , 0.33333333, 0.25 , 0.2 ,
0.16666667, 0.14285714, 0.125 , 0.11111111, 0.1 ,
[....]
for i in range(101):
arr100[i] = 1/arr100[i]
You dont actually need an imported module (numpy) to do this. It can be done in a natural python list.
so you can just do this:
result = [1/(i+1) for i in range(100)]
print(result)
which returns this:
[1.0, 0.5, 0.3333333333333333, 0.25, 0.2, 0.16666666666666666, 0.14285714285714285, 0.125, 0.1111111111111111, 0.1, 0.09090909090909091, 0.08333333333333333, 0.07692307692307693, 0.07142857142857142, 0.06666666666666667, 0.0625, 0.058823529411764705, 0.05555555555555555, 0.05263157894736842, 0.05, 0.047619047619047616, 0.045454545454545456, 0.043478260869565216, 0.041666666666666664, 0.04, 0.038461538461538464, 0.037037037037037035, 0.03571428571428571, 0.034482758620689655, 0.03333333333333333, 0.03225806451612903, 0.03125, 0.030303030303030304, 0.029411764705882353, 0.02857142857142857, 0.027777777777777776, 0.02702702702702703, 0.02631578947368421, 0.02564102564102564, 0.025, 0.024390243902439025, 0.023809523809523808, 0.023255813953488372, 0.022727272727272728, 0.022222222222222223, 0.021739130434782608, 0.02127659574468085, 0.020833333333333332, 0.02040816326530612, 0.02, 0.0196078431372549, 0.019230769230769232, 0.018867924528301886, 0.018518518518518517, 0.01818181818181818, 0.017857142857142856, 0.017543859649122806, 0.017241379310344827, 0.01694915254237288, 0.016666666666666666, 0.01639344262295082, 0.016129032258064516, 0.015873015873015872, 0.015625, 0.015384615384615385, 0.015151515151515152, 0.014925373134328358, 0.014705882352941176, 0.014492753623188406, 0.014285714285714285, 0.014084507042253521, 0.013888888888888888, 0.0136986301369863, 0.013513513513513514, 0.013333333333333334, 0.013157894736842105, 0.012987012987012988, 0.01282051282051282, 0.012658227848101266, 0.0125, 0.012345679012345678, 0.012195121951219513, 0.012048192771084338, 0.011904761904761904, 0.011764705882352941, 0.011627906976744186, 0.011494252873563218, 0.011363636363636364, 0.011235955056179775, 0.011111111111111112, 0.01098901098901099, 0.010869565217391304, 0.010752688172043012, 0.010638297872340425, 0.010526315789473684, 0.010416666666666666, 0.010309278350515464, 0.01020408163265306, 0.010101010101010102, 0.01]
or you could do this to get the same:
import numpy as np
arr100 = np.ones(100)
for i,j in enumerate(arr100):
arr100[i] = 1/(i+1)
print(arr100)
I have a dictionary with key names as step1, step2, step3 accordingly, and each key has associated values that are list with say 5 items in each one of them.
My requirement is to get average of each item in the dictionary:
mydict = {
'step1': [0.94, 0.94, 0.94, 0.96, 0.94],
'step2': [0.94, 0.94, 0.94, 0.94, 0.94],
'step3': [0.92, 0.86, 0.98, 0.92, 0.94]
}
As hard code I can write this- but I want to make it more dynamic:
avg_each_item1 = (
mydict['step1'][0]
+ mydict['step2'][0]
+ mydict['step3'][0]
+ mydict['step4'][0]
+ mydict['step5'][0]
) / 5
Any quick tips on it are highly appreciated
Please Have A Look At This Snippet Does This Solve Your Prop?
import numpy as np # Make Sure You Have 'numpy' installed
mydict = {'step1': [0.94, 0.94, 0.94, 0.96, 0.94], 'step2': [
0.94, 0.94, 0.94, 0.94, 0.94], 'step3': [0.92, 0.86, 0.98, 0.92, 0.94]}
for k, v in mydict.items():
print("Average For", k, ":", np.average(mydict[k])) # Calculating The Average for each step.
Hope so this snippet would help.
Happy Coding!
Assuming the size of each list is known in advance you can do it in one line:
>>> [sum([mydict[j][i] for j in mydict])/len(mydict.keys()) for i in range(5)]
[0.9280000000000002, 0.892, 0.9640000000000001, 0.932, 0.9399999999999998]
I have the following code
points=candies
K=5
centers = []
for i in range(K):
centers.append(random.choice(points))
centers
which results in basically a list of arrays
[array([0.6 , 0.92, 0.29]),
array([0.99, 0.23, 0.45]),
array([0.65, 0.6 , 0.03]),
array([0.21, 0.22, 0.55]),
array([0.62, 0.84, 0.83])]
What I want would be a single array like
array[[0.6 , 0.92, 0.29],
[0.99, 0.23, 0.45],
[0.65, 0.6 , 0.03],
[0.21, 0.22, 0.55],
[0.62, 0.84, 0.83]]
What do I have to change?
Either convert the list of arrays to a 2D array:
np.array(centers)
Or start right from an empty array and populate it:
centers = np.empty((K,3))
for i in range(K):
centers[i] = random.choice(points)
I'm new to Python. I want to use numpy and sklearn to do KNN. However, there's a nan in my data. I set dtype of genfromtxt to None but the array will look like below:
[('ADT1_YEAST', 0.58, 0.61, 0.47, 0.13, 0.5, 0.0, 0.48, 0.22, 'MIT')
('ADT2_YEAST', 0.43, 0.67, 0.48, 0.27, 0.5, 0.0, 0.53, 0.22, 'MIT')
('ADT3_YEAST', 0.64, 0.62, 0.49, 0.15, 0.5, 0.0, 0.53, 0.22, 'MIT') ...,
('ZNRP_YEAST', 0.67, 0.57, 0.36, 0.19, 0.5, 0.0, 0.56, 0.22, 'ME2')
('ZUO1_YEAST', 0.43, 0.4, 0.6, 0.16, 0.5, 0.0, 0.53, 0.39, 'NUC')
('G6PD_YEAST', 0.65, 0.54, 0.54, 0.13, 0.5, 0.0, 0.53, 0.22, 'CYT')]
then, I will get data type not understood on NearestNeighbors function.
Here is my code:
npGem = np.genfromtxt('temp.data', dtype=None)
X = np.array(npGem)
nbrs = NearestNeighbors(n_neighbors=5, algorithm='ball_tree').fit(X)
can anyone teach me how to make the list be read? Thanks in advance.
If I understand the problem, you're really asking how to encode the categorical variables such that they can be properly interpreted by the nearest neighbors algorithm. You can do this with sklearn as explained in 4.2.4. Encoding categorical features. On the other hand, if you have incomplete features, 4.2.6. Imputation of missing values.
I think you need to get the data into a matrix properly. I typically do something like this:
import numpy as np
features = [] # list of lists of the feature vairables.
classes = [] # list of the target variables
for line in f:
line = line.strip().split() # will split the line into pieces on any white spaces
features.append(line[1:-1]) # or whatever indices your features are in
classes.append(line[-1]) # or whatever index your target variable is in
classes = np.array(classes)
features = np.array(features,dtype=np.float)
So I have this function in Python:
def newk(kor, flds):
field=0.5*flds
knw=[]
for i in range(flds):
ktemp=kor
if ktemp[2]+i>field:
ktemp[2]-=(i-1)
else:
ktemp[2]+=i
knw+=[ktemp]
print knw
print ktemp
print kor, '\n'
return knw
which is called by:
knew=newk(kvals, folds)
My original kvals gets overwritten for some reason. Kvals is a list.
Also ktemp keeps accumulating like knw suppose to and it screws
everything up. My output looks like this:
[[0.05, 0.05, 0.166667]] [0.05, 0.05, 0.166667] [0.05, 0.05, 0.166667]
[[0.05, 0.05, 1.166667], [0.05, 0.05, 1.166667]] [0.05, 0.05,
1.166667] [0.05, 0.05, 1.166667]
[[0.05, 0.05, -0.8333330000000001], [0.05, 0.05, -0.8333330000000001],
[0.05, 0.05, -0.8333330000000001]] [0.05, 0.05, -0.8333330000000001]
[0.05, 0.05, -0.8333330000000001]
K point values are: [0.05, 0.05, -0.8333330000000001] (original kvals was [0.05,0.05,0.166667])
But I need my output to look like this: knw would be [[0.05, 0.05, 0.166667],[0.05, 0.05, 1.166667],[0.05, 0.05, -0.833333], kval would be [0.05, 0.05, 0.166667]
Also, when i change ktemp=kor in the loop to constant ktemp=[0.05, 0.05, 0.166667] everything works.
When you ktemp=kor you end up with two names pointing at the same list object & so a modification to ktemp is the same as modifying kor. If you want a copy of the list, you need to say ktemp = kor[:] (assuming kor is just numbers - if you want a 'deep copy' of a list with complex objects, that's a different issue).