Best way to code a reminder / stopwatch program in python? - python

I want to code a reminder program in python. I don't really have much experience, but I was thinking of a few ideas. My main way of doing this would be with a timer from the thread module that ran every second, and have it look through all reminders and stopwatch see if the time matches any of these reminders, but this would probably consume a lot of resources, especially if one has lots of reminders. So has anyone worked wih this before? What would be the best way to make this work in such a manner that it consumes as less resources as possible? Should I load the list of reminders into memory once, then look through them every second? Or should I look through them every 10 seconds and get the conditions to match for >= times?
If anyone has any experience on this, I'd appreciate the help. Thanks.

If you keep your reminders sorted, you only really need to check the next one in the list every second.
Also, you don't have to check every second - you can take longer naps, when you know nothing is going to happen for a few hours - just be sure to wake up, when a new reminder is set ;)

You could simply have the alarm thread sleep until the next event. This will necessitate waking that thread when a new event is inserted earlier than the current earliest event.

Related

Run command on complex schedule in python

I know there are a lot of schedule and event libraries out there but I haven’t found one where I can make complex schedule. E.g
run python command every 500ms between 7.55 and 8.05 on Monday-Friday
Anyone who can easily crack that task in Python? I have considered using schedule but as far as I can tell then I can’t add something like every 500 ms. Although I do believe in a cron-like approach (except cron only allows down to every minute).
I’m thinking of calculating next “cron” time and then use sched to execute the command with the calculated delay. No idea how to calculate something like that though. I could someone already cracked this challenge though.
Turns out the apscheduler supports exactly what I'm looking for.

Is there a way to pause a code in the middle of a run?

How do you handle a code where you have to pause the code at any given moment. For example, you could be reading files from server and server is going to be rebooted; you would want to pause the code so it stops trying to read the file from the server. You also wouldn't want to rerun the code if you have been running it for a long time. Is there a way to pause a code for certain amount of time in python?
I looked into this everywhere and couldn't find any solution. There were few solution that was mentioned.
raw_input("") :if you are reading millions of file,I don't think you would want to manually enter every time it reaches this part of code.
sleep(): you wouldn't know when to pause the code and for how long so I don't think this would work.
There is a anything I can implement to take care of this issue?
Thanks,
Shone
I understand you don't see any snippet of code and I am sorry for not having any code snippet. I have been thinking about this issue and trying to find a solution in case this issue were to arise in future.
I don't know how this will affect efficiency-wise but can't you use sleep() inside a while loop or something like that.
As in,
while not condition: sleep(100)
or just,
while not condition: pass
What I've done in the past is have my script periodically check for the existence of a stop file somewhere, which can be manually put there when you want to pause.
So for this contrived example of an infinite while loop, the script checks for the file, and if it exists, it goes into a sleep loop and continues to check every second. When the file disappears the main loop will continue
import time, os.path
while True: # Main processing loop
while os.path.exists('path/to/file'):
time.sleep(1)
# Do processing stuff
# here
It's a bit of an ugly hack, but simple to implement.

Calling a function at datetime in Python

What is a good way to call a function at datetime in Python?
There 3 ways that I know of:
"Are we there yet?!" (check at if date has passed at interval (time.sleep(interval)))
This is obviously bad. It can only be precise if interval is low, which becomes inefficient.
Sleep off the difference (time.sleep(timedelta.seconds))
This is better, but I don't like the idea of putting a thread to sleep for an insanely long time, e.g. 6 months if such is the date.
Hybrid between the two above; sleep off the difference if difference is bellow interval. If above, sleep for an interval to prevent long sleeps.
I think this is the best out of all three when you think about long sleeps, but interval seems bad anyway.
Are there any more ways you can think of? Is there anything in standard library that can help me call a function at datetime behind the scene?
EDIT:
I'm asking this because I've actually developed my own Cron implementation in Python. The only problem is that I can't decide how my code should wait for next occurrence. One of the differences between my implementation and original Cron is support for seconds. So, simply sleeping for minimum possible interval (1 second in my case) is too inefficient.
I realize now that this question could perhaps be changed to "how does Cron do this?" i.e. "how does Cron check if any date has passed? Does it run constantly or is a process run each minute?". I believe the latter is the case, which, again, is inefficient if interval is 1 second.
Another difference is that my code reads crontab once and calculates the exact date (datetime object) of next occurrence from the pattern. While Cron, I assume, simply checks each minute if any pattern from crontab matches current time.
I'll stick to the "hybrid" way if there's no other way to do this.
If this is something that might be six months out like you said, a chron job is probably more suitable than keeping a python program running the whole time.
I use the gobject main loop, but any library with an event loop should have this ability.
It might be a good idea to use a cron job.
you can edit the cron table with : crontab -e
and add a line like this (called every 20 minutes)
*/20 * * * * /usr/bin/python /home/toto/my_script.py

How to periodically check for the current date from within a program?

I would like to write a tiny calendar-like application for someone as a birthday present (to be run on Ubuntu). All it should do is display a separate picture each day, so whenever it's invoked it should check the date and select the appropriate picture from the collection I would provide, but also, in case it just keeps running, it should switch to the next picture when the next day begins.
The date-checking on invocation isn't the problem; my question pertains to the second case: how can I have the program notice the beginning of the next day? My clumsy approach would be to make it check the current date at regular intervals and let it change the displayed picture once there was a change in date, but that strikes me as very roundabout and not particularly elegant.
In case any of you have got some idea of how I could accomplish this, please don't hesitate to reply. I would aim to write the application in either Perl or Python, so suggestions concerning those two languages would be most welcome, but any other suggestions would be appreciated as well.
Thanks a lot for your time!
The answer to this could be very system dependant. Controlling the time at which your program is executed is likely to be system dependant. On all *nix type systems, I would use cron. Assuming for a moment that you are using a *nix system, the answer then depends on what the program actually does.
If it only needs to select an image, then I would suggest that it not be run continuously, but terminates itself after selecting it, and is then run again the next day (there are a lot of tutorials on how to setup cron).
If, however, it has some form of UI and it is likely (read possible) to keep running for several days, then you can follow two approaches:
Create your program as it is, to poll periodically for the current time, and do a date delta comparison. Python timedelta objects could help here. This is pretty much your inelegant approach.
The other solution would be to send it a signal from cron when you do wish it to update. This process would mean that you would have to make it signal aware, and respond to something like USR1. The Python docs talk to this, but you can find many tutorials on the web. This approach also works quite nicely for daemonised apps.
I'm sure there are many other approaches too, but those are the ones that come to mind for a quickish and nastyish app.
Did you think about scheduling the invoke of your script?
For me, the best approach is this:
1.Have two options to run the script:
run_script
run_script --update
2.Schedule the update run in some task scheduler (for example Cron) to be executed daily.
3.When you would want to check the image for current day, simply run the script without update option.
If you would like me to extend any part of these, simply ask about it.

Can I damage the system by running time.sleep() with this newbie code in Python?

Im sure there is a better way to do this, but I am quite the newbie so I did it the only way I could figure it out. The thing is, I have a script that updates a textfile with the newest posts from an RSS feed (I got some help from you guys to figure it out). But I want this script to be automated, so I made this:
import time
import os
seconds = 3600
kjor = 'python vg.py'
time.sleep(seconds)
os.system(kjor)
time.sleep(seconds)
os.system(kjor)
time.sleep(seconds)
os.system(kjor)
I continued with copying those 24x downwards. I know this problably can be done alot better with some loop (while?), but Im afraid I dont have alot of knowledge in that field (yet).
My question, however, is as following: Can the system be damaged in any way if I let this run over a longer period of time?
To answer your question, no, this won't hurt anything. While the time.sleeps are sleeping, the program will take very little processing power and the rest of the system can run normally.
Now, as for your looping issue. If you want the code run forever (or until you stop the program) the code you want is
while True:
os.system(kjor)
time.sleep(seconds)
This is, literally, and infinite loop, but in this case that (is probably) what you want.
If you are attached to having a particular number of iterations, then you could do something like sunqiang's answer (repeated here)
for loop in xrange(240):
os.system(kjor)
time.sleep(seconds)
Finally, if you are on a Unix platform (such as Linux or Mac) you should take a look at cron, as it is designed to set up recurring programs to run and particular time periods. You could set it up to run your script every minute and it will happily do so until the end of time (or you remove it, whichever comes first).
Use xrange please, don't copying your code 24x times.
for loop in xrange(240):
time.sleep(seconds)
os.system(kjor)
It will not damage your system, as far as I know.
It does not damage any system and it is pretty common as well.
Just create a loop so as your application will gently stop running after some time;
Or better yet, make it check for a condition, maybe listen to a tcp port waiting for someone to ask it to quit (then you'll need to create a second application to send this quit message).

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