Develop Reference

Python-How to execute code and store into variable?

So I have been struggling with this issue for what seems like forever now (I'm pretty new to Python). I am using Python 3.7 (need it to be 3.7 due to variations in the versions of packages I am using for the project) to develop an AI chatbot system that can converse with you based on your text input. The program reads the contents of a series of .yml files when it starts. In one of the .yml files I am developing a syntax for when the first 5 characters match a ^###^ pattern, it will instead execute the code and return the result of that execution rather than just output text back to the user. For example:
Normal Conversation:
- - What is AI?
- Artificial Intelligence is the branch of engineering and science devoted to constructing machines that think.
Service/Code-based conversation:
- - Say hello to me
- ^###^print("HELLO")
The idea is that when you ask it to say hello to you, the ^##^print("HELLO") string will be retrieved from the .yml file, the first 5 characters of the response will be removed, the response will be sent to a separate function in the python code where it will run the code and store the result into a variable which will be returned from the function into a variable that will give the nice, clean result of HELLO to the user. I realize that this may be a bit hard to follow, but I will straighten up my code and condense everything once I have this whole error resolved. As a side note: Oracle is just what I am calling the project. I'm not trying to weave Java into this whole mess.
THE PROBLEM is that it does not store the result of the code being run/executed/evaluated into the variable like it should.
My code:
def executecode(input):
print("The code to be executed is: ",input)
#note: the input may occasionally have single quotes and/or double quotes in the input string
result = eval("{}".format(input))
print ("The result of the code eval: ", result)
test = eval("2+2")
test
print(test)
return result
#app.route("/get")
def get_bot_response():
userText = request.args.get('msg')
print("Oracle INTERPRETED input: ", userText)
ChatbotResponse = str(english_bot.get_response(userText))
print("CHATBOT RESPONSE VARIABLE: ", ChatbotResponse)
#The interpreted string was a request due to the ^###^ pattern in front of the response in the custom .yml file
if ChatbotResponse[:5] == '^###^':
print("---SERVICE REQUEST---")
print(executecode(ChatbotResponse[5:]))
interpreter_response = executecode(ChatbotResponse[5:])
print("Oracle RESPONDED with: ", interpreter_response)
else:
print("Oracle RESPONDED with: ", ChatbotResponse)
return ChatbotResponse
When I run this code, this is the output:
Oracle INTERPRETED input: How much RAM do you have?
CHATBOT RESPONSE VARIABLE: ^###^print("HELLO")
---SERVICE REQUEST---
The code to be executed is: print("HELLO")
HELLO
The result of the code eval: None
4
None
The code to be executed is: print("HELLO")
HELLO
The result of the code eval: None
4
Oracle RESPONDED with: None
Output on the website interface
Essentially, need it to say HELLO for the "The result of the code eval:" output. This should get it to where the chatbot responds with HELLO in the web interface, which is the end goal here. It seems as if it IS executing the code due to the HELLO's after the "The code to be executed is:" output text. It's just not storing it into a variable like I need it to.
I have tried eval, exec, ast.literal_eval(), converting the input to string with str(), changing up the single and double quotes, putting \ before pairs of quotes, and a few other things. Whenever I get it to where the program interprets "print("HELLO")" when it executes the code, it complains about the syntax. Also, from several days of looking online I have figured out that exec and eval aren't generally favored due to a bunch of issues, however I genuinely do not care about that at the moment because I am trying to make something that works before I make something that is good and works. I have a feeling the problem is something small and stupid like it always is, but I have no idea what it could be. :(
I used these 2 resources as the foundation for the whole chatbot project:
Text Guide
Youtube Guide
Also, I am sorry for the rather lengthy and descriptive question. It's rare that I have to ask a question of my own on stackoverflow because if I have a question, it usually already has a good answer. It feels like I've tried everything at this point. If you have a better suggestion of how to do this whole system or you think I should try approaching this another way, I'm open to ideas.
Thank you for any/all help. It is very much appreciated! :)

The issue is that python's print() doesn't have a return value, meaning it will always return None. eval simply evaluates some expression, and returns back the return value from that expression. Since print() returns None, an eval of some print statement will also return None.
>>> from_print = print('Hello')
Hello
>>> from_eval = eval("print('Hello')")
Hello
>>> from_print is from_eval is None
True
What you need is a io stream manager! Here is a possible solution that captures any io output and returns that if the expression evaluates to None.
from contextlib import redirect_stout, redirect_stderr
from io import StringIO
# NOTE: I use the arg name `code` since `input` is a python builtin
def executecodehelper(code):
# Capture all potential output from the code
stdout_io = StringIO()
stderr_io = StringIO()
with redirect_stdout(stdout_io), redirect_stderr(stderr_io):
# If `code` is already a string, this should work just fine without the need for formatting.
result = eval(code)
return result, stdout_io.getvalue(), stderr_io.getvalue()
def executecode(code):
result, std_out, std_err = executecodehelper(code)
if result is None:
# This code didn't return anything. Maybe it printed something?
if std_out:
return std_out.rstrip() # Deal with trailing whitespace
elif std_err:
return std_err.rstrip()
else:
# Nothing was printed AND the return value is None!
return None
else:
return result
As a final note, this approach is heavily linked to eval since eval can only evaluate a single statement. If you want to extend your bot to multiple line statements, you will need to use exec, which changes the logic. Here's a great resource detailing the differences between eval and exec: What's the difference between eval, exec, and compile?

It is easy just convert try to create a new list and add the the updated values of that variable to it, for example:
if you've a variable name myVar store the values or even the questions no matter.
1- First declare a new list in your code as below:
myList = []
2- If you've need to answer or display the value through myVar then you can do like below:
myList.append(myVar)
and this if you have like a generator for the values instead if you need the opposite which means the values are already stored then you will just update the second step to be like the following:
myList[0]='The first answer of the first question'
myList[1]='The second answer of the second question'
ans here all the values will be stored in your list and you can also do this in other way, for example using loops is will be much better if you have multiple values or answers.

Automated Actions in odoo 12. Set values with python code

I tried to take text from one field and set it modificated to another throught Execute Python Code.
recs = record.smt
for rec in recs:
details = pythonwhois.get_whois(rec)
if 'No match for' in str(details):
record.smt2='ok'
else:
record.smt2='denied'
Error: forbidden opcode
Please, help!

For the line:
details = pythonwhois.get_whois(rec)
You are using a external library pythonwhois which is not imported, how do you suppose to use that in your execution. As import statement is also not allowed, you can't just import any library.
instead of using dot operator, try to use write function.
if 'No match for' in str(details):
smt2='ok'
else:
smt2='denied'
record.write({'smt2': smt})
Also keep in mind that record is the record on which the action is triggered; may be void

Elastic search DSL python issue

I have been using the ElasticSearch DSL python package to query my elastic search database. The querying method is very intuitive but I'm having issues retrieving the documents. This is what I have tried:
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch
from elasticsearch_dsl import Search
es = Elasticsearch(hosts=[{"host":'xyz', "port":9200}],timeout=400)
s = Search(using=es,index ="xyz-*").query("match_all")
response = s.execute()
for hit in response:
print hit.title
The error I get :
AttributeError: 'Hit' object has no attribute 'title'
I googled the error and found another SO : How to access the response object using elasticsearch DSL for python
The solution mentions:
for hit in response:
print hit.doc.firstColumnName
Unfortunately, I had the same issue again with 'doc'. I was wondering what the correct way to access my document was?
Any help would really be appreciated!

I'm running into the same issues as I've found different versions of this, but it seems to depend on the version of the elasticsearch-dsl library you're using. You might explore the response object, and it's sub-objects. For instance, using version 5.3.0, I see the expected data using the below loop.
for hit in RESPONSE.hits._l_:
print(hit)
or
for hit in RESPONSE.hits.hits:
print(hit)
NOTE these are limited to 10 data elements for some strange reason.
print(len(RESPONSE.hits.hits))
10
print(len(RESPONSE.hits._l_))
10
This doesn't match the amount of overall hits if I print the number of hits using print('Total {} hits found.\n'.format(RESPONSE.hits.total))
Good luck!

From version 6 onwards the response does not return your populated Document class anymore, meaning that your fields are just an AttrDict which is basically a dictionary.
To solve this you need to have a Document class representing the document you want to parse. Then you need to parse the hit dictionary with your document class using the .from_es() method.
Like I answered here.
https://stackoverflow.com/a/64169419/5144029
Also have a look at the Document class here
https://elasticsearch-dsl.readthedocs.io/en/7.3.0/persistence.html

Simple split string not working in zapier

I'm using zapier to put different apps together. I need to split a string custom_id that has 6 parts that are separated by an underscore. For example, sk000_i093_14.50_5_MNE_2017-07-25
Here's my code:
split_str = input_data['custom_id'].split("_")
output = [{'sk':split_str[0], 'buy_invoice':split_str[1], 'sales_amt':split_str[2], 'UPI':split_str[3], 'buyer':split_str[4], 'date_buy':split_str[5]}]
I also tried it this way:
sk, buy_invoice, sales_amt, upi, buyer, date_buy = input_data['custom_id'].split("_")
output = [{'sk':sk, 'buy_invoice':buy_invoice, 'sales_amt':sales_amt, 'upi':upi, 'buyer':buyer, 'date_buy':date_buy}]
I've searched and searched and haven't found anything specific to zapier on why my simple split string isn't working with zapier. When I test the code zapier doesn't give a useful error message, just:
"Bargle. We hit an error creating a run python. Error: Your code had
an error!"
I've tried running it multiple ways, but whenever I try to retrieve the data from the split I get the very unhelpful error message.
Any help is very much appreciated! Thanks!
UPDATE:
When you go to test the code, Zapier shows test data for input_data. Even though this data is showing up correctly, during the actual test run input_data is empty! So there was nothing wrong with the split. Phew!
Thanks!

The split was correct. The problem was input_data wasn't being populated, even though Zapier showed the correct data was going to populate it, input_data was empty anyway. I added some more key:value pairs to input_data because I needed them, refreshed the webpage, refreshed the fields, and re-tested the code, and input_data finally got populated and the code ran perfectly.
Thanks to PRMoureu and E. Ducateme for giving me the idea to check my input_data (Duh!).

Python xgoogle library - site specific search

I am using the xgoogle python library to try to search as specific site. The code works for me when I do not use the "site:" indicator in the keyword search. If I do used it, the result set is empty. Does anyone have any thoughts how to get the code below to work?
from xgoogle.search import GoogleSearch, SearchError
gs = GoogleSearch("site:reddit.com fun")
gs.results_per_page = 50
results = gs.get_results()
print results
for res in results:
print res.title.encode("utf8")
print

A simple url with the "q" parameter (e.g. "http://www.google.com/search?&q=site:reddit.com+fun") works, so I assume it's some other problem.
If you are using pkrumins/xgoogle, a quick (and dirty) fix is to modify search.py line 240 as follows:
if not title or not url:
This is because Google changes their SERP layout, which breaks the _extract_description() function.
You can also take a look at this fork.

Put keyword before site:XX. It works for me.