Im using datetime with pytz, but i cant get time to update.
format = "[%B %d %H:%M]"
now_utc = datetime.now(timezone('UTC'))
greece = now_utc.astimezone(timezone('Europe/Athens'))
date = greece.strftime(format)
For example i print(date) at 11:30, it stays like that.
Any idea?
As it is, date remains the same throughout the runtime. There is nothing to update it at the current time. If you want to check and print the time at regular intervals, you need to define a function and have your script call it after that amount of time.
import time
fmt = "[%B %d %H:%M]"
def print_now()
now_utc = datetime.now(timezone('UTC'))
greece = now_utc.astimezone(timezone('Europe/Athens'))
date = greece.strftime(fmt)
print(date)
while True:
print_now()
time.sleep(60) # argument is time to wait in seconds
As long as True is True (which is always), the loop will continue, unless you define some condition to force it to end at some point. Of course, you could have the print_now() function contents within the while loop, but it's a bit cleaner to have it in it's own function.
import time
import tkinter
import win10toast
toaster = win10toast.ToastNotifier()
t = time.localtime()
current_time = time.strftime("%H:%M", t)
workout_times = ['']
workout_time = str(input('What time do you want your reminder to come(Format is Hour:Minute): '))
workout_times.append(workout_time)
while current_time == current_time:
if current_time == workout_time:
print(2)
toaster.show_toast('Reminder', 'DO IT`', duration=10)
break
How would I be able to make python always check for the time? Like for you to input a time, for python to constantly check for the time and when it comes for it to run the if stament.
I agree with the comments above, yet I do think it is worthy to answer the question and show a way for comparing between the current time and a target time (if you do decide to run such a python code, I guess you’d want to run this in the background by calling your python script with pythonw.exe via command line or script). So below is one simple option for monitoring the time and executing a task:
from datetime import datetime
from time import sleep
sleep_period = 60
target_time = datetime(2020, 8, 10, 10, 33) # you can construct the numbers inside from user input
while True:
delta = datetime.today()-target_time
if delta.days == 0 and delta.seconds <= sleep_period:
print('It is time to execute a function')
break # or ask for another input…
sleep(sleep_period)
I am trying to take in a user input, and create a time object from that string. Something like this:
import datetime
user_input = '14:24:41.992181'
time = datetime.datetime.strptime(user_input, '%H:%M:%S.%f').time()
However, lets say if the user_input was '14:24:41', then I get a format error, which is understandable. What I want to do is for such an input, the microsecond precision for the time object would be set automatically to 000000. I noticed something similar is done for timezones using %z, and its built into the strptime() method.
What is the ideal way to do this?
you can use try/except and handle the case when user input does not match the format string
import datetime
user_inputs = ['14:24:41.992181','14:24:41']
for user_input in user_inputs:
try:
dt = datetime.datetime.strptime(user_input, '%H:%M:%S.%f')
except ValueError:
dt = datetime.datetime.strptime(user_input, '%H:%M:%S')
print(dt.strftime('%H:%M:%S.%f'))
output
14:24:41.992181
14:24:41.000000
You could run a simple check on the length of the input string, assuming you are expecting standardized inputs.
user_input = '14:24:41'
if len(user_input) == 8:
user_input += '.000000'
time = datetime.datetime.strptime(user_input, '%H:%M:%S.%f').time()
I know that I can cause a thread to sleep for a specific amount of time with:
time.sleep(NUM)
How can I make a thread sleep until 2AM? Do I have to do math to determine the number of seconds until 2AM? Or is there some library function?
( Yes, I know about cron and equivalent systems in Windows, but I want to sleep my thread in python proper and not rely on external stimulus or process signals.)
Here's a half-ass solution that doesn't account for clock jitter or adjustment of the clock. See comments for ways to get rid of that.
import time
import datetime
# if for some reason this script is still running
# after a year, we'll stop after 365 days
for i in xrange(0,365):
# sleep until 2AM
t = datetime.datetime.today()
future = datetime.datetime(t.year,t.month,t.day,2,0)
if t.hour >= 2:
future += datetime.timedelta(days=1)
time.sleep((future-t).total_seconds())
# do 2AM stuff
You can use the pause package, and specifically the pause.until function, for this:
import pause
from datetime import datetime
pause.until(datetime(2015, 8, 12, 2))
Slightly more generalized solution (based off of Ross Rogers') in case you'd like to add minutes as well.
def sleepUntil(self, hour, minute):
t = datetime.datetime.today()
future = datetime.datetime(t.year, t.month, t.day, hour, minute)
if t.timestamp() > future.timestamp():
future += datetime.timedelta(days=1)
time.sleep((future-t).total_seconds())
Another approach, using sleep, decreasing the timeout logarithmically.
def wait_until(end_datetime):
while True:
diff = (end_datetime - datetime.now()).total_seconds()
if diff < 0: return # In case end_datetime was in past to begin with
time.sleep(diff/2)
if diff <= 0.1: return
Building on the answer of #MZA and the comment of #Mads Y
One possible approach is to sleep for an hour. Every hour, check if the time is in the middle of the night. If so, proceed with your operation. If not, sleep for another hour and continue.
If the user were to change their clock in the middle of the day, this approach would reflect that change. While it requires slightly more resources, it should be negligible.
I tried the "pause" pacakage. It does not work for Python 3.x. From the pause package I extracted the code required to wait until a specific datetime and made the following def.
def wait_until(execute_it_now):
while True:
diff = (execute_it_now - datetime.now()).total_seconds()
if diff <= 0:
return
elif diff <= 0.1:
time.sleep(0.001)
elif diff <= 0.5:
time.sleep(0.01)
elif diff <= 1.5:
time.sleep(0.1)
else:
time.sleep(1)
adapt this:
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from time import sleep
now = datetime.utcnow
to = (now() + timedelta(days = 1)).replace(hour=1, minute=0, second=0)
sleep((to-now()).seconds)
Slightly beside the point of the original question:
Even if you don't want to muck around with crontabs, if you can schedule python scripts to those hosts, you might be interested to schedule anacron tasks? anacron's major differentiator to cron is that it does not rely the computer to run continuously. Depending on system configuration you may need admin rights even for such user-scheduled tasks.
A similar, more modern tool is upstart provided by the Ubuntu folks: http://upstart.ubuntu.com/
This does not yet even have the required features. But scheduling jobs and replacing anacron is a planned feature. It has quite some traction due to its usage as Ubuntu default initd replacement. (I am not affiliated with the project)
Of course, with the already provided answer, you can code the same functionality into your python script and it might suit you better in your case.
Still, for others, anacron or similar existing systems might be a better solution. anacron is preinstalled on many current linux distributions (there are portability issues for windows users).
Wikipedia provides a pointer page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anacron
If you do go for a python version I'd look at the asynchronous aspect, and ensure the script works even if the time is changed (daylight savings, etc) as others have commented already. Instead of waiting til a pre-calculated future, I'd always at maximum wait one hour, then re-check the time. The compute cycles invested should be negligible even on mobile, embedded systems.
Asynchronous version of Omrii's solution
import datetime
import asyncio
async def sleep_until(hour: int, minute: int, second: int):
"""Asynchronous wait until specific hour, minute and second
Args:
hour (int): Hour
minute (int): Minute
second (int): Second
"""
t = datetime.datetime.today()
future = datetime.datetime(t.year, t.month, t.day, hour, minute, second)
if t.timestamp() > future.timestamp():
future += datetime.timedelta(days=1)
await asyncio.sleep((future - t).total_seconds())
I know is way late for this, but I wanted to post an answer (inspired on the marked answer) considering systems that might have - incorrect - desired timezone + include how to do this threaded for people wondering how.
It looks big because I'm commenting every step to explain the logic.
import pytz #timezone lib
import datetime
import time
from threading import Thread
# using this as I am, check list of timezone strings at:
## https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones
TIMEZONE = pytz.timezone("America/Sao_Paulo")
# function to return desired seconds, even if it's the next day
## check the bkp_time variable (I use this for a bkp thread)
## to edit what time you want to execute your thread
def get_waiting_time_till_two(TIMEZONE):
# get current time and date as our timezone
## later we remove the timezone info just to be sure no errors
now = datetime.datetime.now(tz=TIMEZONE).replace(tzinfo=None)
curr_time = now.time()
curr_date = now.date()
# Make 23h30 string into datetime, adding the same date as current time above
bkp_time = datetime.datetime.strptime("02:00:00","%H:%M:%S").time()
bkp_datetime = datetime.datetime.combine(curr_date, bkp_time)
# extract the difference from both dates and a day in seconds
bkp_minus_curr_seconds = (bkp_datetime - now).total_seconds()
a_day_in_seconds = 60 * 60 * 24
# if the difference is a negative value, we will subtract (- with + = -)
# it from a day in seconds, otherwise it's just the difference
# this means that if the time is the next day, it will adjust accordingly
wait_time = a_day_in_seconds + bkp_minus_curr_seconds if bkp_minus_curr_seconds < 0 else bkp_minus_curr_seconds
return wait_time
# Here will be the function we will call at threading
def function_we_will_thread():
# this will make it infinite during the threading
while True:
seconds = get_waiting_time_till_two(TIMEZONE)
time.sleep(seconds)
# Do your routine
# Now this is the part where it will be threading
thread_auto_update = Thread(target=function_we_will_thread)
thread_auto_update.start()
It takes only one of the very basic libraries.
import time
sleep_until = 'Mon Dec 25 06:00:00 2020' # String format might be locale dependent.
print("Sleeping until {}...".format(sleep_until))
time.sleep(time.mktime(time.strptime(sleep_until)) - time.time())
time.strptime() parses the time from string -> struct_time tuple. The string can be in different format, if you give strptime() parse-format string as a second argument. E.g.
time.strptime("12/25/2020 02:00AM", "%m/%d/%Y %I:%M%p")
time.mktime() turns the struct_time -> epoch time in seconds.
time.time() gives current epoch time in seconds.
Substract the latter from the former and you get the wanted sleep time in seconds.
sleep() the amount.
If you just want to sleep until whatever happens to be the next 2AM, (might be today or tomorrow), you need an if-statement to check if the time has already passed today. And if it has, set the wake up for the next day instead.
import time
sleep_until = "02:00AM" # Sets the time to sleep until.
sleep_until = time.strftime("%m/%d/%Y " + sleep_until, time.localtime()) # Adds todays date to the string sleep_until.
now_epoch = time.time() #Current time in seconds from the epoch time.
alarm_epoch = time.mktime(time.strptime(sleep_until, "%m/%d/%Y %I:%M%p")) # Sleep_until time in seconds from the epoch time.
if now_epoch > alarm_epoch: #If we are already past the alarm time today.
alarm_epoch = alarm_epoch + 86400 # Adds a day worth of seconds to the alarm_epoch, hence setting it to next day instead.
time.sleep(alarm_epoch - now_epoch) # Sleeps until the next time the time is the set time, whether it's today or tomorrow.
What about this handy and simple solution?
from datetime import datetime
import time
pause_until = datetime.fromisoformat('2023-02-11T00:02:00') # or whatever timestamp you gonna need
time.sleep((pause_until - datetime.now()).total_seconds())
from datetime import datetime
import time, operator
time.sleep([i[0]*3600 + i[1]*60 for i in [[H, M]]][0] - [i[0]*3600 + i[1]*60 for i in [map(int, datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M").split(':'))]][0])
Instead of using the wait() function, you can use a while-loop checking if the specified date has been reached yet:
if datetime.datetime.utcnow() > next_friday_10am:
# run thread or whatever action
next_friday_10am = next_friday_10am()
time.sleep(30)
def next_friday_10am():
for i in range(7):
for j in range(24):
for k in range(60):
if (datetime.datetime.utcnow() + datetime.timedelta(days=i)).weekday() == 4:
if (datetime.datetime.utcnow() + datetime.timedelta(days=i, hours=j)).hour == 8:
if (datetime.datetime.utcnow() + datetime.timedelta(days=i, hours=j, minutes=k)).minute == 0:
return datetime.datetime.utcnow() + datetime.timedelta(days=i, hours=j, minutes=k)
Still has the time-checking thread check the condition every after 30 seconds so there is more computing required than in waiting, but it's a way to make it work.
In the code shown below, I need to manipulate the time var in python to display a date/time stamp in python to represent that delay.
For example, when the user enters the delay time in hours, I need to set the jcarddeliver var to update itself with the value of the current date/time + delay.
Also it should update the date var as well. For example, if the date is 24 Feb and time is 15:00 hrs and the delay time is 10 hrs, the jcarddeliver date should change to 25 Feb.
jcarddate = time.strftime("%a %m/%d/%y", time.localtime())
jcardtime = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S", time.localtime())
delay = raw_input("enter the delay: ")
jcarddeliver = ??
I just hope I am making sense.
You could try the datetime module, e.g.
import datetime
now = datetime.datetime.now()
delay = float (raw_input ("enter delay (s): "))
dt = datetime.timedelta (seconds=delay)
then = now + dt
print now
print then
The result of time.time() is a floating point value of the number of seconds since the Epoch. You can add seconds to this value and use time.localtime(), time.ctime() and other functions to get the result in various forms:
>>> now = time.time()
>>> time.ctime(now)
'Fri Sep 04 16:19:59 2009' # <-- this is local time
>>> then = now + (10.0 * 60.0 * 60.0) # <-- 10 hours in seconds
>>> time.ctime(then)
'Sat Sep 05 02:19:59 2009'
" i need to set the jcarddeliver var to update itself with the value of the current date/time + delay"
How about reformulating this to
jcarddeliver should be the current date-time plus the delay.
The "update itself" isn't perfectly sensible.
Try the following:
Try the most obvious way of computing "current date-time plus the delay"
print the result.
Try using localtime() on this result. What do you get?
Try this:
now = time.time()
then = now + 365*24*3600
print time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time.localtime(then))