How to scan an unknown number of numbers in Python? - python

Is there a way to scan an unknown number of elements in Python (I mean scan numbers until the user writes at the standard input eof(end of file))?

raw_input (input in Python 3) throws EOFError once EOF is reached.
while 1:
try:
num = int(raw_input("enter a number: "))
except EOFError:
break

Do you need to process the first number before the second is entered? If not, then int(s) for s in sys.stdin.read().split() would probably do, either as a list comprehension (in []) or generator expression (in (), for example as a function argument).

This would break at any
Here is one primitive way to do it.
In [1]: while True:
...: try:
...: num = int(raw_input())
...: except EOFError:
...: break
...:
Example output for the input that I had given:
10
20
40
50
This would break not just for EOF but for any input which does not convert to number.

I found another way... sometimes, I use a different programming language called R.
There, you can enter:
my_variable = scan()
...and enter numbers as you wish. Even with copy & paste.
Then, you can dump the input:
dump(my_variable, "my_variable.Rdata")
my_variable.Rdata is a text file which contains an R list... which can be easily converted into a Python list:
# a list in R syntax:
my_variable <- c(1, 2, 3)
# a list in Python syntax:
my_variable = [1, 2, 3]

Related

Using generator to collate user inputs on multiple lines

I am trying to save some memory here - I am building a program where the user can input a (stacked) list of integers like:
1
2
3
4
5
.
.
.
The below code works good!
input_list = []
while True:
try:
line = input()
except EOFError:
break
input_list.append(int(line))
print(input_list)
But I would now like to use some sort of generator expression to evaluate the list only when I need, and I almost (argh!) got there.
This code works:
def prompt_user():
while True:
try:
line = input()
except EOFError:
print(line)
break
yield line
input_list = (int(line) for line in prompt_user())
print(list(input_list))
with one only quack: the last integer input by the user is always omitted. So for instance (the ^D is me typing CTRL+D at the console from a pycharm debugger):
1
2
3
4^D
3 # ==> seems like after the EOF was detected the integer on the same
# line got completely discarded
[1, 2, 3]
I don't really know how to go further.
Thanks to #chepner and to this other thread I reduced this whole logic to:
import sys
N = input() # input returns the first element in our stacked input.
input_list = map(int, [N] + sys.stdin.readlines())
print(list(input_list))
leveraging the fact that sys.stdin is already iterable!

I need assistance for my little program (python lists)

I will give you my python code (it's pretty basic and small) and if you can,tell me where i am wrong.I am noob at coding so your help will be valuable.thanks a lot and don't hate :)
lista=[]
for i in range(100):
a=input("give me a number")
if a%2==0:
a=0
else:
a=1
lista=lista+a
print lista
P.S: I code with python 2 because my school books are written with that in mind.
You need to use append method to add an item to the end of the list.
lista.append(a)
And you need to convert the str returned by input() to int.
The input() function reads a line from input, converts it to a string (stripping a trailing newline), and returns that. When EOF is read, EOFError is raised.
a = int(input("give me a number"))
Try this:
lista=[]
for i in range(2): # Changed from 100 to 2 for my own testing
a = int(input("Give me a number: "))
a = 1 if a%2 else 0
lista.append(a)
print(lista)
Outputs:
[0,1]
EDITED:
So i cant use Lista=lista +a?I thought i could..my book says i can..thanks for your solution,it works!
You can use += operator (similar to extend()) but it requires a list operand. Not an int. So, you need to convert your int to a list. Try this:
lista += [a]
list.append(a) is faster, because it doesn't create a temporary list object. So, better to use append.

Create variables dynamically inside 'for' loop

I'm new to python and trying to take some coding challenges to improve my skills. I've to take input in following ways:
2
3 1
4 3
First, I get number of test cases.(2 here) Then based on that, I've to get given number of test cases that are each 2 integers. 1st is the range and second is the number to be searched in the range.
What's the correct, pythonic way of getting the input. I was thinking like this but it's obviously incorrect
num_testcases = int(raw_input())
for i in num_testcases:
range_limit = int(raw_input())
num_to_find = int(raw_input())
raw_input() is going to be read one line at a time from STDIN, so inside the loop you need to use str.split() to get the value of range_limit and num_to_find. Secondly you cannot iterate over an integer(num_testcases), so you need to use xrange()(Python 2) or range()(Python 3) there:
num_testcases = int(raw_input())
for i in xrange(num_testcases): #considering we are using Python 2
range_limit, num_to_find = map(int, raw_input().split())
#do something with the first input here
Demo:
>>> line = '3 1'
>>> line.split()
['3', '1']
>>> map(int, line.split())
[3, 1]
Note that in Python 3 you'll have to use input() instead of raw_input() and range() instead of xrange(). range() will work in both Python 2 and 3, but it returns a list in Python 2, so it is recommended to use xrange().
Use for i in range(num_testcases): instead of for i in num_testcases. Have a look at range (or xrange in Python 2). range(a) produces an iterable from 0 to a - 1, so your code gets called the desired number of times.
Also, input and raw_input take input on encountering a newline, meaning that in range_limit = int(raw_input()), raw_input returns "3 1", which you can't just convert to int. Instead, you want to split the string using string.split and then convert the individual items:
num_testcases = int(raw_input())
for i in range(num_testcases):
range_limit, num_to_find = [int(x) for x in raw_input().split()]

Adding slicing numbers using a loop

I want to know how can I add these numbers in Python by using a loop? Thanks
num=input("Enter your number: ")
ansAdd= int(str(num)[7])+int(str(num)[5])+int(str(num)[3])+int(str(num)[1])
print....
you want to do it using a loop, here you go:
ansAdd = 0
for x in [7,5,3,1]:
ansAdd += int(str(num)[x])
However, using list comprehension is more pythonic
>>> s = '01234567'
>>> sum(map(int, s[1::2]))
16
Here is how it works:
s[1::2] takes a slice of the string starting at index 1 to the end of the string stepping by 2. For more information on slices see the Strings section of the Python Tutorial.
map takes a function and an iterable (strings are iterable) and applies the function to each item, returning a list of the results. Here we use map to convert each string-digit to an int.
sum takes an iterable and sums it.
If you want to do this without the sum and map builtins, without slices, and with an explicit for-loop:
>>> s = '01234567'
>>> total = 0
>>> for i in range(1, len(s), 2):
... total += int(s[i])
...
>>> total
16
>>> num=input()
12345678
>>> sum(map(int,num[:8][1::2]))
20
here num[:8][1::2] returns only the numbers required for sum(), num[:8] makes sure only the elemnets up to index 7 are used in calculation and [1::2] returns 1,3,5,7
>>> num[:8][1::2]
>>> '2468'
It seems you want to sum odd-numbered digits from user input. To do it with a loop:
num_str = raw_input("Enter your number: ")
ansAdd = 0
for digit in num_str[1::2]:
ansAdd += int(digit)
(The syntax [1::2] is python's string slicing -- three numbers separated by : that indicates start index, stop index and step. An omitted value tells python to grab as much as it can.)
There's a better way to do this without using a traditional loop:
num_str = raw_input("Enter your number: ")
ansAdd = sum(int(digit) for digit in num_str[1::2])
In python 2, input executes the entered text as python code and returns the result, which is why you had to turn the integer back into a string using str.
It is considered a security risk to use input in python 2, since the user of your script can enter any valid python code, and it will be executed, no questions asked. In python 3 raw_input has been renamed to input, and the old input was removed (use eval(input()) instead).

Python truncating numbers in integer array

I am teaching myself Python and am running into a strange problem. What I am trying to do is pass a list to a function, and have the function return a list where elements are the sum of the numbers around it, but what I thought would work produced some strange results, so I made a debug version of the code that still exhibts the behavior, which is as follows:
When I make an integer array, and pass it to an function which then uses a for loop print the individual values of the list, the numbers following the first one in each int are truncated.
For example, the following input and output:
Please enter a number: 101
Please enter a number: 202
Please enter a number: 303
Please enter a number: .
1
2
3
This happens no matter the input, if its 10, 101, or 13453 - the same behavior happens.
I know I am probably missing something simple, but for the sake of me, no amount of googling yields me a solution to this issue. Attached below is the code I am using to execute this. It is interesting to note: when printing the entire list outside of the for loop at any point, it returns the full and proper list (ie ['101', '202', '303'])
Thanks!
temp = list()
def sum(list):
print list
for i in range(1, len(list)+1):
print i
return temp
L = list()
while True:
input = raw_input("Please enter a number: ");
if input.strip() == ".":
break
L.append(input);
print L
L2 = sum(L)
print L2
The loop
for i in range(1, len(my_list)+1):
print i
iterates over the numbers from 1 to len(my_list), not over the items of the list. To do the latter, use
for x in my_list:
print x
(I've renamed list to my_list to save you another headache.)
You are printing the counter, not the list item. This is what you want:
for i in list:
print i
list is itself iterable and you don't need a counter to loop it.

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