Python winreg looping through sub-keys - python
I'm able to successfully retrieve the 5 sub-keys from my windows 7 machine registry hive "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE" with the code below.
from _winreg import *
try:
i = 0
while True:
subkey = EnumKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, i)
print subkey
i += 1
except WindowsError:
pass
My question is, how do I then enumerate the keys under those? I want to end up listing all the keys in the SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\NetworkList\Signatures\Unmanaged folder but I can't figure out how to step my way down there.
In response to the first comment, I ran this code on my machine and while it didn't error out, it didn't produce results.
from _winreg import *
aReg = ConnectRegistry(None,HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE)
aKey = OpenKey(aReg, r"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\NetworkList\Signatures\Unmanaged")
for i in range(1024):
try:
keyname = EnumKey(aKey, i)
asubkey = OpenKey(aKey, keyname)
val = QueryValueEx(asubkey, "Description")
print val
except WindowsError:
break
A regedit or reg query shows 6 values in that folder but I can't get a python script to show me those six.
Just want to add a perhaps more pythonic solution.
from _winreg import *
from contextlib import suppress
import itertools
def subkeys(path, hkey=HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, flags=0):
with suppress(WindowsError), OpenKey(hkey, path, 0, KEY_READ|flags) as k:
for i in itertools.count():
yield EnumKey(k, i)
You can now access the keys as expected
for key in subkeys(r'path\to\your\key'):
print key
For python versions < 3.4 that lack suppress(), I recommend adding it to your project:
from contextlib import contextmanager
#contextmanager
def suppress(*exceptions):
try:
yield
except exceptions:
pass
Note: If you have trouble reading some values you might be reading from the wrong registry view. Pass KEY_WOW64_64KEY or KEY_WOW64_32KEY to the flags parameter). Using OpenKey() as context manager was introduced in python 2.6.
Does something like this work?
import _winreg
def subkeys(key):
i = 0
while True:
try:
subkey = _winreg.EnumKey(key, i)
yield subkey
i+=1
except WindowsError:
break
def traverse_registry_tree(key=_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, tabs=0):
for k in subkeys(key):
print '\t'*tabs + str(k)
traverse_registry_tree(k, tabs+1)
I don't have the same registry keys to search but the following code will list all the subkeys in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software. I think if you change the value of the keyVal string to your directory it will work.
The try ... except bloc is this way because EnumKey will fail. I didn't do it as a for loop because I dont know how to get the correct length of aKey.
keyVal = r"Software"
aKey = OpenKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, keyVal, 0, KEY_ALL_ACCESS)
try:
i = 0
while True:
asubkey = EnumKey(aKey, i)
print(asubkey)
i += 1
except WindowsError:
pass
This works, and prints out the list of all subkeys (fixed version of #Broseph's answer)
import _winreg
def subkeys(key):
i = 0
while True:
try:
subkey = _winreg.EnumKey(key, i)
yield subkey
i+=1
except WindowsError as e:
break
def traverse_registry_tree(hkey, keypath, tabs=0):
key = _winreg.OpenKey(hkey, keypath, 0, _winreg.KEY_READ)
for subkeyname in subkeys(key):
print '\t'*tabs + subkeyname
subkeypath = "%s\\%s" % (keypath, subkeyname)
traverse_registry_tree(hkey, subkeypath, tabs+1)
keypath = r"SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows"
traverse_registry_tree(_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, keypath)
For iterating through keys of Windows registry, you would need EnumKey() from _winreg module. Given below is the definition for EnumKey() :-
def EnumKey(key, index):
Enumerates subkeys of an open registry key.
key is an already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
index is an integer that identifies the index of the key to retrieve.
Note that this method, takes index as an argument, and will provide you the key only for the given index. Therefore, in order to get all the keys, you need to increment the index by one and continue until you encounter WindowsError.
Refer to this post for a detailed understanding on the same. The Github link for the code can be found in the post.
this is just an improvement on #sparrowt's answer. His answer failed when I tried it, but think it was on the right track. This will give tree below keypath. Sorry for changing some variable and method names in rewrite, but just trying to post this quick. In my code, I put hkey as global variable bc I expect to only be working with one hkey at a time.
import winreg
import itertools
hkey = winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
def list_subkeys(path, hkey_set=None):
global hkey
if not hkey_set:
hkey_set = hkey
try:
registry_key = winreg.OpenKey(hkey_set, path, 0, winreg.KEY_READ)
for i in itertools.count():
yield winreg.EnumKey(registry_key, i)
winreg.CloseKey(registry_key)
except Exception as ex:
if str(ex) != '[WinError 259] No more data is available':
print(str(ex))
try:
winreg.CloseKey(registry_key)
except:
pass
return []
def traverse_registry_tree(keypath, levels=None, hkey_set=None):
global hkey
if not levels:
levels = []
if not hkey_set:
hkey_set = hkey
subkeys = list(list_subkeys(keypath, hkey_set))
for subkeyname in subkeys:
subkeypath = "%s\\%s" % (keypath, subkeyname)
levels.append(subkeypath)
levels.extend([r for r in traverse_registry_tree(subkeypath, levels, hkey_set) if r not in levels])
del subkeys
return levels
I made this code. It prints the whole subtree of a key. But first, I would like to say that the following code does not use the original naming:
[key]
|-[key]
| └-[value1: data]
|-[value1: data]
└-[value2: data]
I use the following scheme
[folder]
|-[subfolder]
| └-[key1: value]
|-[key1: value]
└-[key2: value]
import winreg
def padding(cnt):
str = ""
for i in range(cnt):
str += '\t'
return str
def recursive_visit(folder, i):
subfolders_count, subkeys_count, modified = winreg.QueryInfoKey(folder)
for subfolder_index in range(subfolders_count):
try:
subfolder_name = winreg.EnumKey(folder, subfolder_index)
print(padding(i)+subfolder_name+":")
with winreg.OpenKeyEx(folder, subfolder_name) as subfolder:
recursive_visit(subfolder, i+1)
except (WindowsError, KeyError, ValueError):
print("Error reading " + folder)
for subkey_index in range(subkeys_count):
print(padding(i)+str(winreg.EnumValue(folder, subkey_index)))
globals()["cnt"] += 1
cnt = 0 #how many keys we visited
### ENTER INPUT HERE
root = winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
folder = r"SYSTEM\Setup\FirstBoot\Services"
###
with winreg.OpenKey(root, folder) as reg:
keys_count, values_count, modified = winreg.QueryInfoKey(reg)
print("Subfolders: " + str(keys_count) + " Subkeys: " + str(values_count))
recursive_visit(reg, 1)
print("visited " + str(cnt) + " leaf keys")
This gives you the following output:
Subkeys: 72 Subvalues: 1
AdobeARMservice:
('ServiceName', 'AdobeARMservice', 1)
('Path', '"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Common Files\\Adobe\\ARM\\1.0\\armsvc.exe"', 1)
('Path.Org', '"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Common Files\\Adobe\\ARM\\1.0\\armsvc.exe"', 1)
('Path.Win32', 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Common Files\\Adobe\\ARM\\1.0\\armsvc.exe', 1)
('StartName', 'LocalSystem', 1)
('DisplayName', 'Adobe Acrobat Update Service', 1)
('Type', 16, 4)
('StartType', 2, 4)
('ErrorControl', 0, 4)
('LoadOrderGroup', '', 1)
('TagId', 0, 4)
AdobeUpdateService:
('ServiceName', 'AdobeUpdateService', 1)
...
Related
Delete registry folder and sub folder using python [duplicate]
I'm trying to delete certain registry keys, via python script. i have no problems reading and deleting keys from the "HKEY_CURRENT_USER", but trying to do the same from the "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE", gives me the dreaded WindowsError: [Error 5] Access is denied. i'm running the script via the IDLE IDE, with admin privileges. here's the code: from _winreg import * ConnectRegistry(None,HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE) OpenKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,r'software\wow6432node\App',0,KEY_ALL_ACCESS) DeleteKey(OpenKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,r'software\wow6432node'),'App')
You need to remove all subkeys before you can delete the key. def deleteSubkey(key0, key1, key2=""): import _winreg if key2=="": currentkey = key1 else: currentkey = key1+ "\\" +key2 open_key = _winreg.OpenKey(key0, currentkey ,0,_winreg.KEY_ALL_ACCESS) infokey = _winreg.QueryInfoKey(open_key) for x in range(0, infokey[0]): #NOTE:: This code is to delete the key and all subkeys. # If you just want to walk through them, then # you should pass x to EnumKey. subkey = _winreg.EnumKey(open_key, x) # Deleting the subkey will change the SubKey count used by EnumKey. # We must always pass 0 to EnumKey so we # always get back the new first SubKey. subkey = _winreg.EnumKey(open_key, 0) try: _winreg.DeleteKey(open_key, subkey) print "Removed %s\\%s " % ( currentkey, subkey) except: deleteSubkey( key0, currentkey, subkey ) # no extra delete here since each call #to deleteSubkey will try to delete itself when its empty. _winreg.DeleteKey(open_key,"") open_key.Close() print "Removed %s" % (currentkey) return Here is an how you run it: deleteSubkey(_winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER, "software\\wow6432node", "App") deleteSubkey(_winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER, "software\\wow6432node\\App")
Just my two cents on the topic, but I recurse to the lowest subkey and delete on unravel: def delete_sub_key(root, sub): try: open_key = winreg.OpenKey(root, sub, 0, winreg.KEY_ALL_ACCESS) num, _, _ = winreg.QueryInfoKey(open_key) for i in range(num): child = winreg.EnumKey(open_key, 0) delete_sub_key(open_key, child) try: winreg.DeleteKey(open_key, '') except Exception: # log deletion failure finally: winreg.CloseKey(open_key) except Exception: # log opening/closure failure The difference between the other posts is that I do not try to delete if num is >0 because it will fail implicitly (as stated in the docs). So I don't waste time to try if there are subkeys.
[EDIT]
I have created a pip package that handles registry keys.
Install with: pip install windows_tools.registry
Usage:
from windows_tools.registry import delete_sub_key, KEY_WOW64_32KEY, KEY_WOW64_64KEY
keys = ['SOFTWARE\MyInstalledApp', 'SOFTWARE\SomeKey\SomeOtherKey']
for key in keys:
delete_sub_key(key, arch=KEY_WOW64_32KEY | KEY_WOW64_64KEY)
[/EDIT]
Unburying this old question, here's an updated version of ChrisHiebert's recursive function that:
Handles Python 3 (tested with Python 3.7.1)
Handles multiple registry architectures (eg Wow64 for Python 32 on Windows 64)
Is PEP-8 compliant
The following example shows function usage to delete two keys in all registry architectures (standard and redirected WOW6432Node) by using architecture key masks.
Hopefully this will help someone:
import winreg
def delete_sub_key(key0, current_key, arch_key=0):
open_key = winreg.OpenKey(key0, current_key, 0, winreg.KEY_ALL_ACCESS | arch_key)
info_key = winreg.QueryInfoKey(open_key)
for x in range(0, info_key[0]):
# NOTE:: This code is to delete the key and all sub_keys.
# If you just want to walk through them, then
# you should pass x to EnumKey. sub_key = winreg.EnumKey(open_key, x)
# Deleting the sub_key will change the sub_key count used by EnumKey.
# We must always pass 0 to EnumKey so we
# always get back the new first sub_key.
sub_key = winreg.EnumKey(open_key, 0)
try:
winreg.DeleteKey(open_key, sub_key)
print("Removed %s\\%s " % (current_key, sub_key))
except OSError:
delete_sub_key(key0, "\\".join([current_key,sub_key]), arch_key)
# No extra delete here since each call
# to delete_sub_key will try to delete itself when its empty.
winreg.DeleteKey(open_key, "")
open_key.Close()
print("Removed %s" % current_key)
return
# Allows to specify if operating in redirected 32 bit mode or 64 bit, set arch_keys to 0 to disable
arch_keys = [winreg.KEY_WOW64_32KEY, winreg.KEY_WOW64_64KEY]
# Base key
root = winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
# List of keys to delete
keys = ['SOFTWARE\MyInstalledApp', 'SOFTWARE\SomeKey\SomeOtherKey']
for key in keys:
for arch_key in arch_keys:
try:
delete_sub_key(root, key, arch_key)
except OSError as e:
print(e)
Figured it out! turns out the registry key wasn't empty and contained multiple subkeys. i had to enumerate and delete the subkeys first, and only then i was able to delete the main key from HKLM. (also added "try...except", so it wouldn't break the whole code, it case there were problems).
This is my solution. I like to use with statements in order to not have to close the key manually. First I check for sub keys and delete them before I delete the key itself. EnumKey raises an OSError if no sub key exists. I use this to break out of the loop. from winreg import * def delete_key(key: Union[HKEYType, int], sub_key_name: str): with OpenKey(key, sub_key_name) as sub_key: while True: try: sub_sub_key_name = EnumKey(sub_key, 0) delete_key(sub_key, sub_sub_key_name) except OSError: break DeleteKey(key, sub_key_name)
How can I access the content of a registry key in Python? [duplicate]
from _winreg import * """print r"*** Reading from SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run ***" """ aReg = ConnectRegistry(None,HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE) aKey = OpenKey(aReg, r"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall") for i in range(1024): try: asubkey=EnumKey(aKey,i) val=QueryValueEx(asubkey, "DisplayName") print val except EnvironmentError: break Could anyone please correct the error...i just want to display the "DisplayName" within the subkeys of the key the HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall This is the error i get.. Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:/Python25/ReadRegistry", line 10, in <module> val=QueryValueEx(asubkey, "DisplayName") TypeError: The object is not a PyHKEY object
Documentation says that EnumKey returns string with key's name. You have to explicitly open it with winreg.OpenKey function. I've fixed your code snippet: import winreg aReg = winreg.ConnectRegistry(None, winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE) print(r"*** Reading from %s ***" % aKey) aKey = winreg.OpenKey(aReg, r'SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall') for i in range(1024): try: aValue_name = winreg.EnumKey(aKey, i) oKey = winreg.OpenKey(aKey, aValue_name) sValue = winreg.QueryValueEx(oKey, "DisplayName") print(sValue) except EnvironmentError: break Please note, that not every key has "DisplayName" value available.
What about x86 on x64? Use 64-bit Specific Types
What if there's more than 1024 sub-keys in "Uninstall"? Use _winreg.QueryInfoKey(key)
Python 2:
import errno, os, _winreg
proc_arch = os.environ['PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE'].lower()
proc_arch64 = os.environ['PROCESSOR_ARCHITEW6432'].lower()
if proc_arch == 'x86' and not proc_arch64:
arch_keys = {0}
elif proc_arch == 'x86' or proc_arch == 'amd64':
arch_keys = {_winreg.KEY_WOW64_32KEY, _winreg.KEY_WOW64_64KEY}
else:
raise Exception("Unhandled arch: %s" % proc_arch)
for arch_key in arch_keys:
key = _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, r"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall", 0, _winreg.KEY_READ | arch_key)
for i in xrange(0, _winreg.QueryInfoKey(key)[0]):
skey_name = _winreg.EnumKey(key, i)
skey = _winreg.OpenKey(key, skey_name)
try:
print _winreg.QueryValueEx(skey, 'DisplayName')[0]
except OSError as e:
if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
# DisplayName doesn't exist in this skey
pass
finally:
skey.Close()
Python 3:
import errno, os, winreg
proc_arch = os.environ['PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE'].lower()
proc_arch64 = os.environ['PROCESSOR_ARCHITEW6432'].lower()
if proc_arch == 'x86' and not proc_arch64:
arch_keys = {0}
elif proc_arch == 'x86' or proc_arch == 'amd64':
arch_keys = {winreg.KEY_WOW64_32KEY, winreg.KEY_WOW64_64KEY}
else:
raise Exception("Unhandled arch: %s" % proc_arch)
for arch_key in arch_keys:
key = winreg.OpenKey(winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, r"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall", 0, winreg.KEY_READ | arch_key)
for i in range(0, winreg.QueryInfoKey(key)[0]):
skey_name = winreg.EnumKey(key, i)
skey = winreg.OpenKey(key, skey_name)
try:
print(winreg.QueryValueEx(skey, 'DisplayName')[0])
except OSError as e:
if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
# DisplayName doesn't exist in this skey
pass
finally:
skey.Close()
As it says in the _winreg.QueryValueEx documentation, you need to pass an already open key. EnumKey returns a string, not an open key. aReg = ConnectRegistry(None,HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE) aKey = OpenKey(aReg, r"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall") for i in range(1024): try: keyname = EnumKey(aKey, i) asubkey = OpenKey(aKey, keyname) val = QueryValueEx(asubkey, "DisplayName") print val except WindowsError: break
I simplified _winreg functionality for querying a given registry key's nested values.
For instance, this is how straight-forward it is to query the registry key you asked about:
key = r'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall'
for sub_key in get_sub_keys(key):
path = join(key, sub_key)
value = get_values(path, ['DisplayName', 'DisplayVersion', 'InstallDate'])
if value:
print value
output
{'DisplayVersion': u'347.25', 'DisplayName': u'NVIDIA Control Panel 347.25', 'InstallDate': u'20150125'}
{'DisplayVersion': u'347.25', 'DisplayName': u'NVIDIA Graphics Driver 347.25', 'InstallDate': u'20150125'}
{'DisplayVersion': u'2.2.2', 'DisplayName': u'NVIDIA GeForce Experience 2.2.2', 'InstallDate': u'20150212'}
...
Add these utility functions as well:
from _winreg import *
import os
roots_hives = {
"HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT": HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
"HKEY_CURRENT_USER": HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
"HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE": HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
"HKEY_USERS": HKEY_USERS,
"HKEY_PERFORMANCE_DATA": HKEY_PERFORMANCE_DATA,
"HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG": HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG,
"HKEY_DYN_DATA": HKEY_DYN_DATA
}
def parse_key(key):
key = key.upper()
parts = key.split('\\')
root_hive_name = parts[0]
root_hive = roots_hives.get(root_hive_name)
partial_key = '\\'.join(parts[1:])
if not root_hive:
raise Exception('root hive "{}" was not found'.format(root_hive_name))
return partial_key, root_hive
def get_sub_keys(key):
partial_key, root_hive = parse_key(key)
with ConnectRegistry(None, root_hive) as reg:
with OpenKey(reg, partial_key) as key_object:
sub_keys_count, values_count, last_modified = QueryInfoKey(key_object)
try:
for i in range(sub_keys_count):
sub_key_name = EnumKey(key_object, i)
yield sub_key_name
except WindowsError:
pass
def get_values(key, fields):
partial_key, root_hive = parse_key(key)
with ConnectRegistry(None, root_hive) as reg:
with OpenKey(reg, partial_key) as key_object:
data = {}
for field in fields:
try:
value, type = QueryValueEx(key_object, field)
data[field] = value
except WindowsError:
pass
return data
def get_value(key, field):
values = get_values(key, [field])
return values.get(field)
def join(path, *paths):
path = path.strip('/\\')
paths = map(lambda x: x.strip('/\\'), paths)
paths = list(paths)
result = os.path.join(path, *paths)
result = result.replace('/', '\\')
return result
Made a simple program to produce a list of the subkeys in the registry. Currently, trying to figure out how to search that list for specific subkeys and then add them if they are not there, and/or change the value. (shouldn't be too difficult)
This is what I came up with. I hope it helps, also feel free to critique it:
from winreg import *
registry = ConnectRegistry(None, HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE)
def openRegistryA():
rawKeyA = OpenKey(registry, "SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System")
try:
i = 0
while 1:
name, value, type = EnumValue(rawKeyA, i)
print(name, value, i)
i += 1
except WindowsError:
print("END")
CloseKey(rawKeyA)
def openRegistryB():
rawKeyB = OpenKey(registry, "SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\LanmanServer\Parameters")
try:
i = 0
while 1:
name, value, type = EnumValue(rawKeyB, i)
print(name, value, i)
i += 1
except WindowsError:
print("END")
CloseKey(rawKeyB)
openRegistryA()
openRegistryB()
Python winreg - How to write a linefeed to a REG_SZ value
I need some assistance in writing a line feed to a registry value. The Value is of type REG_SZ.
I'm able to do this manually, by adding a "0A" to each break position when modifying the hex value in the Registry, but I'm not sure how to do this programmatically.
This is my current code to write the String to Registry, which WORKS, but does not allow for the line feeds:
(identifying information redacted, and text shortened. The "#" is the position for a line feed)
import os
import _winreg
from _winreg import *
Key = r"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System"
Field = [_winreg.REG_SZ, _winreg.REG_BINARY]
Sub_Key = ["legalnoticetext",
"legalnoticecaption"]
value = ["Terms of Use",
"By logging in to this PC, users agree to the Terms of Use"
"\nThe User agrees to the following:#- The User may not alter, in any way, "
"with Settings on this PC without the approval from any Authorised Persons."]
parmLen = len(Sub_Key)
z = 0 # Loop Counter for list iteration
try:
Key = r"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System"
if not os.path.exists(Key):
key = _winreg.CreateKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, Key)
Registrykey = OpenKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, Key, 0, KEY_WRITE)
while z < parmLen:
_winreg.SetValueEx(Registrykey, Sub_Key[z], 0, Field[z], value[z])
print ("Setting <" + Sub_Key[z] + "> with value: " + value[z])
z += 1
CloseKey(Registrykey)
print ("SUCCESSFUL! Procedure: Show Logon Terms of Use")
except WindowsError:
print ("Error")
I've tested the following code to see if I can write directly in Hex, as I have the modified hex value, but it results in the value being interpreted as a string, and then formatting it incorrectly (again) to Hex.
import os
import _winreg
from _winreg import *
Key = r"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System"
Field = [_winreg.REG_SZ, _winreg.REG_BINARY]
Sub_Key = ["legalnoticetext",
"legalnoticecaption"]
value = ["Terms of Use",
"42,00,79,00,20,00,6C,00,6F,00,67,00,67,00,69,00,6E,00,67,00,20,00,69,00,"
"6E,00,20,00,74,00,6F,00,20,00,74,00,68,00,69,00,73,00,20,00,50,00,43,00,"
"2C,00,20,00,75,00,73,00,65,00,72,00,73,00,20,00,61,00,67,00,72,00,65,00,"
"65,00,20,00,74,00,6F,00,20,00,74,00,68,00,65,00,20,00,54,00,65,00,72,00,"
"6D,00,73,00,20,00,6F,00,66,00,20,00,55,00,73,00,65,00,0A,00,54,00,68,00,"
"65,00,20,00,55,00,73,00,65,00,72,00,20,00,61,00,67,00,72,00,65,00,65,00,"
"73,00,20,00,74,00,6F,00,20,00,74,00,68,00,65,00,20,00,66,00,6F,00,6C,00,"
"6C,00,6F,00,77,00,69,00,6E,00,67,00,3A,00,0A,00,2D,00,20,00,54,00,68,00,"
"65,00,20,00,55,00,73,00,65,00,72,00,20,00,6D,00,61,00,79,00,20,00,6E,00,"
"6F,00,74,00,20,00,61,00,6C,00,74,00,65,00,72,00,2C,00,20,00,69,00,6E,00,"
"20,00,61,00,6E,00,79,00,20,00,77,00,61,00,79,00,2C,00,20,00,77,00,69,00,"
"74,00,68,00,20,00,53,00,65,00,74,00,74,00,69,00,6E,00,67,00,73,00,20,00,"
"6F,00,6E,00,20,00,74,00,68,00,69,00,73,00,20,00,50,00,43,00,20,00,77,00,"
"69,00,74,00,68,00,6F,00,75,00,74,00,20,00,74,00,68,00,65,00,20,00,61,00,"
"70,00,70,00,72,00,6F,00,76,00,61,00,6C,00,20,00,66,00,72,00,6F,00,6D,00,"
"20,00,61,00,6E,00,79,00,20,00,41,00,75,00,74,00,68,00,6F,00,72,00,69,00,"
"73,00,65,00,64,00,20,00,50,00,65,00,72,00,73,00,6F,00,6E,00,73,00,2E,00,"
"00,00"]
parmLen = len(Sub_Key)
z = 0 # Loop Counter for list iteration
try:
Key = r"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System"
if not os.path.exists(Key):
key = _winreg.CreateKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, Key)
Registrykey = OpenKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, Key, 0, KEY_WRITE)
while z < parmLen:
_winreg.SetValueEx(Registrykey, Sub_Key[z], 0, Field[z], value[z])
print ("Setting <" + Sub_Key[z] + "> with value: " + value[z])
z += 1
CloseKey(Registrykey)
print ("SUCCESSFUL! Procedure: Show Logon Terms of Use")
except WindowsError:
print ("Error")
RTFM'ing doesn't prove to be very helpful with this specific issue, so any guidance would be appreciated!
You have a couple of issues going on. os.path.exists checks for file path existence. Feeding it the key string won't check the registry.
It looks like you are using Python 2.7, please consider upgrading to 3. The issue you are running into is that writing a REG_BINARY expects binary data; in Python 3, this means you just need to encode your string. Here is the code in Python 3.
import winreg
Key_str = r"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System"
Field = [winreg.REG_SZ, winreg.REG_BINARY]
Sub_Key = ["legalnoticetext", "legalnoticecaption"]
value = ["Terms of Use",
"By logging in to this PC, users agree to the Terms of Use"
"\nThe User agrees to the following:#- The User may not alter, in any way, "
"with Settings on this PC without the approval from any Authorised Persons."]
try:
key = winreg.OpenKey(winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, Key_str)
except FileNotFoundError:
key = winreg.CreateKey(winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, Key_str)
for sk, f, v in zip(Sub_Key, Field, value):
if f == winreg.REG_BINARY:
winreg.SetValueEx(key, sk, 0, f, v.encode('latin-1'))
else:
winreg.SetValueEx(key, sk, 0, f, v)
key.Close()
In Python 2, your standard strings are byte strings, so there is no need to encode the string to a bytes encoding. Here is the Python 2 code:
import _winreg
Key_str = r"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System"
Field = [_winreg.REG_SZ, _winreg.REG_BINARY]
Sub_Key = ["legalnoticetext", "legalnoticecaption"]
value = ["Terms of Use",
"By logging in to this PC, users agree to the Terms of Use"
"\nThe User agrees to the following:#- The User may not alter, in any way, "
"with Settings on this PC without the approval from any Authorised Persons."]
try:
key = _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, Key_str)
except WindowsError:
key = _winreg.CreateKey(_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, Key_str)
for sk, f, v in zip(Sub_Key, Field, value):
_winreg.SetValueEx(key, sk, 0, f, v)
key.Close()
Is there a way to get the full path of the shell:appsfolder on Windows 10?
I'd like to be able to list the files in the shell:appsfolder in a python script but need the full path to do this using os.list. Is there a way to get the full path (or does anyone know it)? Alternatively, is there a different way I can list these files? Can I "cd" to it? The idea behind the script is to automate the shortcut creation of all the Windows Store apps (identified by the fact they have a "long name" property I think) and extract those shortcuts to a folder where the program Launchy can detect them. I don't like having to manually go through the process of creating the shortcut (and renaming it to remove the " - shortcut) every time I download or remove an app so I thought I'd automate it.
Here's a function that hopefully does what you want in terms of creating shortcuts for the Windows Store apps that are listed in the "Applications" virtual folder (i.e. FOLDERID_AppsFolder). To classify Windows Store apps, it looks for an exclamation point in the Application User Model ID since the AUMID should be of the form "PackageFamily!ApplicationID" (see Automate Launching UWP Apps). For reliability it cross-checks each package family with the user's registered package families.
import os
import ctypes
import pywintypes
import pythoncom
import winerror
try:
import winreg
except ImportError:
# Python 2
import _winreg as winreg
bytes = lambda x: str(buffer(x))
from ctypes import wintypes
from win32com.shell import shell, shellcon
from win32com.propsys import propsys, pscon
# KNOWNFOLDERID
# https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd378457
# win32com defines most of these, except the ones added in Windows 8.
FOLDERID_AppsFolder = pywintypes.IID('{1e87508d-89c2-42f0-8a7e-645a0f50ca58}')
# win32com is missing SHGetKnownFolderIDList, so use ctypes.
_ole32 = ctypes.OleDLL('ole32')
_shell32 = ctypes.OleDLL('shell32')
_REFKNOWNFOLDERID = ctypes.c_char_p
_PPITEMIDLIST = ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_void_p)
_ole32.CoTaskMemFree.restype = None
_ole32.CoTaskMemFree.argtypes = (wintypes.LPVOID,)
_shell32.SHGetKnownFolderIDList.argtypes = (
_REFKNOWNFOLDERID, # rfid
wintypes.DWORD, # dwFlags
wintypes.HANDLE, # hToken
_PPITEMIDLIST) # ppidl
def get_known_folder_id_list(folder_id, htoken=None):
if isinstance(folder_id, pywintypes.IIDType):
folder_id = bytes(folder_id)
pidl = ctypes.c_void_p()
try:
_shell32.SHGetKnownFolderIDList(folder_id, 0, htoken,
ctypes.byref(pidl))
return shell.AddressAsPIDL(pidl.value)
except WindowsError as e:
if e.winerror & 0x80070000 == 0x80070000:
# It's a WinAPI error, so re-raise it, letting Python
# raise a specific exception such as FileNotFoundError.
raise ctypes.WinError(e.winerror & 0x0000FFFF)
raise
finally:
if pidl:
_ole32.CoTaskMemFree(pidl)
def enum_known_folder(folder_id, htoken=None):
id_list = get_known_folder_id_list(folder_id, htoken)
folder_shell_item = shell.SHCreateShellItem(None, None, id_list)
items_enum = folder_shell_item.BindToHandler(None,
shell.BHID_EnumItems, shell.IID_IEnumShellItems)
for item in items_enum:
yield item
def list_known_folder(folder_id, htoken=None):
result = []
for item in enum_known_folder(folder_id, htoken):
result.append(item.GetDisplayName(shellcon.SIGDN_NORMALDISPLAY))
result.sort(key=lambda x: x.upper())
return result
def create_shortcut(shell_item, shortcut_path):
id_list = shell.SHGetIDListFromObject(shell_item)
shortcut = pythoncom.CoCreateInstance(shell.CLSID_ShellLink, None,
pythoncom.CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, shell.IID_IShellLink)
shortcut.SetIDList(id_list)
persist = shortcut.QueryInterface(pythoncom.IID_IPersistFile)
persist.Save(shortcut_path, 0)
def get_package_families():
families = set()
subkey = (r'Software\Classes\Local Settings\Software\Microsoft'
r'\Windows\CurrentVersion\AppModel\Repository\Families')
with winreg.OpenKey(winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER, subkey) as hkey:
index = 0
while True:
try:
families.add(winreg.EnumKey(hkey, index))
except OSError as e:
if e.winerror != winerror.ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS:
raise
break
index += 1
return families
def update_app_shortcuts(target_dir):
package_families = get_package_families()
for item in enum_known_folder(FOLDERID_AppsFolder):
try:
property_store = item.BindToHandler(None,
shell.BHID_PropertyStore, propsys.IID_IPropertyStore)
app_user_model_id = property_store.GetValue(
pscon.PKEY_AppUserModel_ID).ToString()
except pywintypes.error:
continue
# AUID template: Packagefamily!ApplicationID
if '!' not in app_user_model_id:
continue
package_family, app_id = app_user_model_id.rsplit('!', 1)
if package_family not in package_families:
continue
name = item.GetDisplayName(shellcon.SIGDN_NORMALDISPLAY)
shortcut_path = os.path.join(target_dir, '%s.lnk' % name)
create_shortcut(item, shortcut_path)
print('{}: {}'.format(name, app_user_model_id))
example
if __name__ == '__main__':
desktop = shell.SHGetFolderPath(0, shellcon.CSIDL_DESKTOP, 0, 0)
target_dir = os.path.join(desktop, 'Windows Store Apps')
if not os.path.exists(target_dir):
os.mkdir(target_dir)
update_app_shortcuts(target_dir)
Why do I keep getting this error in map-reduce while using mincemeat?
I just want to calculate word count from some 7500 files with some condition on which words to count. The program goes like this.
import glob
import mincemeat
text_files = glob.glob('../fldr/2/*')
def file_contents(file_name):
f = open(file_name)
try:
return f.read()
finally:
f.close()
source = dict((file_name, file_contents(file_name))
for file_name in text_files)
def mapfn(key, value):
for line in value.splitlines():
list2 = [ ]
for temp in line.split("::::"):
list2.append(temp)
if (list2[0] == '5'):
for review in list2[1].split():
yield [review.lower(),1]
def reducefn(key, value):
return key, len(value)
s = mincemeat.Server()
s.datasource = source
s.mapfn = mapfn
s.reducefn = reducefn
results = s.run_server(password="wola")
print results
The error I get while running this program is
error: uncaptured python exception, closing channel <__main__.Client connected at 0x250f990>
(<type 'exceptions.IndexError'>:list index out of range
[C:\Python27\lib\asyncore.py|read|83]
[C:\Python27\lib\asyncore.py|handle_read_event|444]
[C:\Python27\lib\asynchat.py|handle_read|140]
[mincemeat.py|found_terminator|96]
[mincemeat.py|process_command|194]
[mincemeat.py|call_mapfn|170]
[projminc2.py|mapfn|21])
Take a look at what's in list2 e.g. by doing print(list2) or with a debugger. If you do this you'll see that list2 only has one element so list2[1] isn't valid. (You don't really want to split on "::::" - that's a typo in your script).