Hi iam trying to scrap some data off from this URL:
http://www.21cineplex.com/nowplaying/jakarta,3,JKT.htm/1
As you may have noticed, if cookies and session data is not yet set you will be redirected to its base url (http://www.21cineplex.com/)
I tried to do it like this:
def main():
try:
cj = CookieJar()
baseurl = "http://www.21cineplex.com"
opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cj))
opener.open(baseurl)
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
movieSource = urllib2.urlopen('http://www.21cineplex.com/nowplaying/jakarta,3,JKT.htm/1').read()
splitSource = re.findall(r'<ul class="w462">(.*?)</ul>', movieSource)
print splitSource
except Exception, e:
str(e)
print "Error occured in main Block"
However, i ended up failing to scrap from that particular URL.
A quick inspection reveals that the website is setting a session ID (PHPSESSID) and make a copy to the client's cookie as such.
The question is how do i mitigate such example?
ps: i've tried to install request (via pip) how ever it gives me (404):
Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/request/
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/request/: HTTP Error 404: Not Found (request does not have any releases)
Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/request/ when looking for download links for request
Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/
URLs to search for versions for request:
* https://pypi.python.org/simple/request/
Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/request/
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/request/: HTTP Error 404: Not Found (request does not have any releases)
Will skip URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/request/ when looking for download links for request
Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement request
Cleaning up...
Thanks to #Chainik i got it to work now. I ended up modify my code like this:
cj = CookieJar()
opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cj))
baseurl = "http://www.21cineplex.com/"
regex = '<ul class="w462">(.*?)</ul>'
opener.open(baseurl)
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
request = urllib2.Request('http://www.21cineplex.com/nowplaying/jakarta,3,JKT.htm/1')
request.add_header('Referer', baseurl)
requestData = urllib2.urlopen(request)
htmlText = requestData.read()
Once, the html text is retrieved. It's all about parsing its content.
Cheers
Try setting a referer URL, see below.
Without referer URL set (302 redirect):
$ curl -I "http://www.21cineplex.com/nowplaying/jakarta,3,JKT.htm/1"
HTTP/1.1 302 Moved Temporarily
Server: nginx
Date: Thu, 19 Sep 2013 09:19:19 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Connection: keep-alive
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.4.17
Set-Cookie: PHPSESSID=5effe043db4fd83b2c5927818cb1a7ca; path=/
Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT
Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0
Pragma: no-cache
Set-Cookie: kota=3; expires=Fri, 19-Sep-2014 09:19:19 GMT; path=/
Location: http://www.21cineplex.com/
With referer URL set (HTTP/200):
$ curl -I -e "http://www.21cineplex.com/"
"http://www.21cineplex.com/nowplaying/jakarta,3,JKT.htm/1"
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx
Date: Thu, 19 Sep 2013 09:19:24 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Connection: keep-alive
Vary: Accept-Encoding
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.4.17
Set-Cookie: PHPSESSID=a7abd6592c87e0c1a8fab4f855baa0a4; path=/
Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT
Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0
Pragma: no-cache
Set-Cookie: kota=3; expires=Fri, 19-Sep-2014 09:19:24 GMT; path=/
To set referer URL using urllib, see this post
-- ab1
Related
I'm a bit new to the python requests library, and am having some trouble accessing cookies after forms authentication. I captured packets in wireshark, and I'm certain that the cookies are being set (HTTP stream output at bottom). I'm following documentation here: https://2.python-requests.org/en/master/user/quickstart/#cookies.
My request is as follows:
r = requests.post('http://192.168.2.111/Account/LogOn', data = {'User': 'Customer', 'Password': 'Customer', 'button': 'submit'})
If I invoke
print(r.cookies), The only thing that is returned is <RequestsCookieJar[]>
OR, if I try to access them using r.cookies['mydeviceAG_POEWebTool'] I get a key error: KeyError: "name='mydeviceAG_POEWebTool', domain=None, path=None"
The HTTP Stream from wireshark is here:
POST /Account/LogOn HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.2.111
User-Agent: python-requests/2.24.0
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 49
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
User=Customer&Password=Customer&button=submitHTTP/1.1 302 Found
Date: Thu, 24 Sep 2020 10:30:43 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.25 (Debian)
Location: /States
X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319
Cache-Control: private
Set-Cookie: mydeviceAG_POEWebTool=8081AD7E6EEEB463C0AD8458; path=/
Set-Cookie: .mydeviceAG_POEWebTool_AUTH=jmnjqmKeL0ge8fz/sYrP3Xm+ntUTnPLrWBGtKAmAvnkKIjPKYQVn9xVrRa7EUEHLTfB1KNCKjotabnb7QqnDlQlZKuQkJ0J8rLmxuxrtCMFDsa/d6jyUj/PUckJ8V0Te; path=/; expires=Thu, 24 Sep 2020 13:30:44 GMT
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Content-Encoding: gzip
Content-Length: 112
Keep-Alive: timeout=5, m=100
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Type: text/html
<html><head><title>Object moved</title></head><body>
<h2>Object moved to here</h2>
</body><html>
** After reading the link offered by #D-E-N below, and searching around a bit, I tried the code below, which gets me further, but only stores the first of two cookies in the cookie jar. The server sends back two cookies:
Set-Cookie: AG_POEWebTool=9E508CCAE50EACB4AD1B33D8; path=/
Set-Cookie: .AG_POEWebTool_AUTH=WaXAtyh/tGnoZFPIiV4xoF6BhwGbr0jlaFq
but the only cookie stored is the AG_POEWebTool one. **
with requests.Session() as s:
s.get('http://192.168.2.111/Account/LogOn', timeout = 5, params = {'ReturnUrl':'%2fLogfiles'}, proxies = proxies)
r = s.post('http://192.168.2.111/Account/LogOn', data = {'User': 'Customer', 'Password': 'Customer', 'button': 'submit'}, timeout = 5, params = {'ReturnUrl':'%2fLogfiles'}, proxies = proxies)
cookiedict = s.cookies.get_dict()
print('URL:')
for item in cookiedict.items():
print(item)
response=s.get('http://192.168.2.111/Logfiles')
This is the response that I get:
cookiedict items:
('AG_POEWebTool', '471B4EB1153E4733E0EA1A40')
Process finished with exit code 0
This is a follow-up from a question I saw earlier today. In this question, a user asks about a problem downloading a pdf from this url:
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0956797614553009
I would think that the two download functions below would give the same result, but the urllib2 version downloads some html with a script tag referencing a pdf loader, while the requests version downloads the real pdf. Can someone explain the difference in behavior?
import urllib2
import requests
def get_pdf_urllib2(url, outfile='ex.pdf'):
resp = urllib2.urlopen(url)
with open(outfile, 'wb') as f:
f.write(resp.read())
def get_pdf_requests(url, outfile='ex.pdf'):
resp = requests.get(url)
with open(outfile, 'wb') as f:
f.write(resp.content)
Is requests smart enough to wait for dynamic websites to render before downloading?
Edit
Following up on #cwallenpoole's idea, I compared the headers and tried swapping headers from the requests request into the urllib2 request. The magic header was Cookie; the below functions write the same file for the example URL.
def get_pdf_urllib2(url, outfile='ex.pdf'):
req = urllib2.request(url, headers={'Cookie':'I2KBRCK=1'})
resp = urllib2.urlopen(req)
with open(outfile, 'wb') as f:
f.write(resp.read())
def get_pdf_requests(url, outfile='ex.pdf'):
resp = requests.get(url)
with open(outfile, 'wb') as f:
f.write(resp.content)
Next question: where did requests get that cookie? Is requests making multiple trips to the server?
Edit 2
Cookie came from a redirect header:
>>> handler=urllib2.HTTPHandler(debuglevel=1)
>>> opener=urllib2.build_opener(handler)
>>> urllib2.install_opener(opener)
>>> respurl=urllib2.urlopen(req1)
send: 'GET /doi/pdf/10.1177/0956797614553009 HTTP/1.1\r\nAccept-Encoding: identity\r\nHost: journals.sagepub.com\r\nConnection: close\r\nUser-Agent: Python-urllib/2.7\r\n\r\n'
reply: 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found\r\n'
header: Server: AtyponWS/7.1
header: P3P: CP="NOI DSP ADM OUR IND OTC"
header: Location: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0956797614553009?cookieSet=1
header: Set-Cookie: I2KBRCK=1; path=/; expires=Thu, 14-Dec-2017 17:28:28 GMT
header: Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
header: Content-Length: 110
header: Connection: close
header: Date: Wed, 14 Dec 2016 17:28:28 GMT
send: 'GET /doi/pdf/10.1177/0956797614553009?cookieSet=1 HTTP/1.1\r\nAccept-Encoding: identity\r\nHost: journals.sagepub.com\r\nConnection: close\r\nUser-Agent: Python-urllib/2.7\r\n\r\n'
reply: 'HTTP/1.1 302 Found\r\n'
header: Server: AtyponWS/7.1
header: Location: http://journals.sagepub.com/action/cookieAbsent
header: Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
header: Content-Length: 85
header: Connection: close
header: Date: Wed, 14 Dec 2016 17:28:28 GMT
send: 'GET /action/cookieAbsent HTTP/1.1\r\nAccept-Encoding: identity\r\nHost: journals.sagepub.com\r\nConnection: close\r\nUser-Agent: Python-urllib/2.7\r\n\r\n'
reply: 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n'
header: Server: AtyponWS/7.1
header: Cache-Control: no-cache
header: Pragma: no-cache
header: X-Webstats-RespID: 8344872279f77f45555d5f9aeb97985b
header: Set-Cookie: JSESSIONID=aaavQMGH8mvlh_-5Ct7Jv; path=/
header: Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
header: Connection: close
header: Transfer-Encoding: chunked
header: Date: Wed, 14 Dec 2016 17:28:28 GMT
header: Vary: Accept-Encoding
I'll bet that it's an issue with the User Agent header (I just used curl http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0956797614553009 and got the same as you report with urllib2). This is part of the request header that lets a website know what type of program/user/whatever is accessing the site (not the library, the HTTP request).
By default, it looks like urllib2 uses: Python-urllib/2.1
And requests uses: python-requests/{package version} {runtime}/{runtime version} {uname}/{uname -r}
If you're working on a Mac, I'll bet that the site is reading Darwin/13.1.0 or similar and then serving you the macos appropriate content. Otherwise, it's probably trying to direct you to some default alternate content (or prevent you from scraping that URL).
I'm learning how to login to an example website using python requests module. This
Video Tutorial
got me started. From all the cookies that I see in GoogleChrome>Inspect Element>NetworkTab, I'm not able to retrieve all of them using the following code:
import requests
with requests.Session() as s:
url = 'http://www.noobmovies.com/accounts/login/?next=/'
s.get(url)
allcookies = s.cookies.get_dict()
print allcookies
Using this I only get csrftoken like below:
{'csrftoken': 'ePE8zGxV4yHJ5j1NoGbXnhLK1FQ4jwqO'}
But in google chrome, I see all these other cookies apart from csrftoken (sessionid, _gat, _ga etc):
I even tried the following code from here, but the result was the same:
from urllib2 import Request, build_opener, HTTPCookieProcessor, HTTPHandler
import cookielib
#Create a CookieJar object to hold the cookies
cj = cookielib.CookieJar()
#Create an opener to open pages using the http protocol and to process cookies.
opener = build_opener(HTTPCookieProcessor(cj), HTTPHandler())
#create a request object to be used to get the page.
req = Request("http://www.noobmovies.com/accounts/login/?next=/")
f = opener.open(req)
#see the first few lines of the page
html = f.read()
print html[:50]
#Check out the cookies
print "the cookies are: "
for cookie in cj:
print cookie
Output:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org
the cookies are:
<Cookie csrftoken=ePE8zGxV4yHJ5j1NoGbXnhLK1FQ4jwqO for www.noobmovies.com/>
So, how can I get all the cookies ? Thanks.
The cookies being set are from other pages/resources, probably loaded by JavaScript code. You can check it making the request to the page only (without running the JS code), using tools such as wget, curl or httpie.
The only cookie this server set is csrftoken, as you can see in:
$ wget --server-response 'http://www.noobmovies.com/accounts/login/?next=/'
--2016-02-01 22:51:55-- http://www.noobmovies.com/accounts/login/?next=/
Resolving www.noobmovies.com (www.noobmovies.com)... 69.164.217.90
Connecting to www.noobmovies.com (www.noobmovies.com)|69.164.217.90|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response...
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.4.6 (Ubuntu)
Date: Tue, 02 Feb 2016 00:51:58 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Connection: keep-alive
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Expires: Tue, 02 Feb 2016 00:51:58 GMT
Vary: Cookie,Accept-Encoding
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Set-Cookie: csrftoken=XJ07sWhMpT1hqv4K96lXkyDWAYIFt1W5; expires=Tue, 31-Jan-2017 00:51:58 GMT; Max-Age=31449600; Path=/
Last-Modified: Tue, 02 Feb 2016 00:51:58 GMT
Length: unspecified [text/html]
Saving to: ‘index.html?next=%2F’
index.html?next=%2F [ <=> ] 10,83K 2,93KB/s in 3,7s
2016-02-01 22:52:03 (2,93 KB/s) - ‘index.html?next=%2F’ saved [11085]
Note the Set-Cookie line.
I used the following python code to download the html page:
response = urllib2.urlopen(current_URL)
msg = response.read()
print msg
For a page such as this one, it opens the url without error but then prints only part of the html-page!
In the following lines you can find the http headers of the html-page. I think the problem is due to "Transfer-Encoding: chunked".
It seems urllib2 returns only the first chunk! I have difficulties reading the remaining chunks. How I can read the remaining chunks?
Server: nginx/1.0.5
Date: Wed, 27 Feb 2013 14:41:28 GMT
Content-Type: text/html;charset=UTF-8
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Connection: close
Set-Cookie: route=c65b16937621878dd49065d7d58047b2; Path=/
Set-Cookie: JSESSIONID=EE18E813EE464664EA64086D5AE9A290.tpdjo13v_3; Path=/
Pragma: No-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache,no-store,max-age=0
Expires: Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Content-Language: fr
I've found out that if I Accept-Language header is specified than server doesn't drop TCP connection, otherwise it does.
curl -H "Accept-Language:uk,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.6,ru;q=0.4" -v 'http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichJuriJudi.do?oldAction=rechJuriJudi&idTexte=JURITEXT000024053954&fastReqId=660326373&fastPos=1'
I am using the python urllib2 library for opening URL, and what I want is to get the complete header info of the request. When I use response.info I only get this:
Date: Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:00:42 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.0 (Unix)
Last-Modified: Tue, 01 May 2001 18:40:33 GMT
ETag: "13ef600-141-897e4a40"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 321
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html
I am expecting the complete info as given by live_http_headers (add-on for firefox), e.g:
http://www.yellowpages.com.mt/Malta-Web/127151.aspx
GET /Malta-Web/127151.aspx HTTP/1.1
Host: www.yellowpages.com.mt
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-gb,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7
Keep-Alive: 115
Connection: keep-alive
Cookie: __utma=156587571.1883941323.1313405289.1313405289.1313405289.1; __utmz=156587571.1313405289.1.1.utmcsr=(direct)|utmccn=(direct)|utmcmd=(none)
HTTP/1.1 302 Found
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Length: 141
Date: Mon, 15 Aug 2011 12:17:25 GMT
Location: http://www.trucks.com.mt
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET, UrlRewriter.NET 2.0.0
X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727
Set-Cookie: ASP.NET_SessionId=zhnqh5554omyti55dxbvmf55; path=/; HttpOnly
Cache-Control: private
My request function is:
def dorequest(url, post=None, headers={}):
cOpener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookielib.CookieJar()))
urllib2.install_opener( cOpener )
if post:
post = urllib.urlencode(post)
req = urllib2.Request(url, post, headers)
response = cOpener.open(req)
print response.info() // this does not give complete header info, how can i get complete header info??
return response.read()
url = 'http://www.yellowpages.com.mt/Malta-Web/127151.aspx'
html = dorequest(url)
Is it possible to achieve the desired header info details by using urllib2? I don't want to switch to httplib.
Those are all of the headers the server is sending when you do the request with urllib2.
Firefox is showing you the headers it's sending to the server as well.
When the server gets those headers from Firefox, some of them may trigger it to send back additional headers, so you end up with more response headers as well.
Duplicate the exact headers Firefox sends, and you'll get back an identical response.
Edit: That location header is sent by the page that does the redirect, not the page you're redirected to. Just use response.url to get the location of the page you've been sent to.
That first URL uses a 302 redirect. If you don't want to follow the redirect, but see the headers from the first page instead, use a URLOpener instead of a FancyURLOpener, which automatically follows redirects.
I see that server returns HTTP/1.1 302 Found - HTTP redirect.
urllib automatically follow redirects, so headers returned by urllib is headers from http://www.trucks.com.mt, not http://www.yellowpages.com.mt/Malta-Web/127151.aspx