Develop Reference

How to make bolding text in the text widget work optimally?

I want to make text bold work as intended, meaning for example when you want to make a selected word bold, but you mistakenly didn't select the whole word, and you left out the last letter, and then you want to correct that mistake and select the whole word, instead of bolding the word, it will change its weight to normal. Specifically I'm talking about this way of doing this:
`
def bold_it():
bold_font = font.Font(my_text, my_text.cget("font"))
bold_font.configure(weight="bold")
my_text.tag_configure("bold", font=bold_font)
current_tags = my_text.tag_names("sel.first")
if "bold" in current_tags:
my_text.tag_remove("bold", "sel.first", "sel.last")
else:
my_text.tag_add("bold", "sel.first", "sel.last")
`
I am fully aware of what the problem is, and it is in the current_tags variable, since the variable will return "bold" because tag names only looks at tags which are at the first selected position. In turn, this will make the if statements remove the bold tag instead of applying it.
So my question is, how do you fix this, or optimize this?
Codemy.com did a video on this, and this question is based on this video, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X6zqePBPDVU.
I tried utilizing the tag_ranges() method so I could get two indexes instead of just where the selecting begins, but it did not work because tag_names() accepts only one argument.

Problem with python-docx putting pictures in a table

I am using python-docx to create a new document and then I add a table (rows=1,cols=5). Then I add a picture to each of the five cells. I have the code working but what I see from docx is not what I see when I use Word manually.
Specifically, if I set on "Show Formatting Marks" and then look at what was generated by docx, there is always a hard return in the beginning of each of the cells (put there by the add_paragraph method.) When I use Word manually, there is no hard return.
The result of the hard return is that each picture is down one line from where I want it to be. If I use Word, the pictures are where I expect them to be.
What is also strange is that on the docx document I can manually go in and single click next to the hard return, press the down cursor key once, and then press the Backspace key once and the hard return is deleted and the picture moves to the top of the cell.
So my question is, does anyone know of a way to get a picture in a table cell without having a hard return put in when the add_paragraph method is executed?
Any help would be greatly appreciated.
def paragraph_format_run(cell):
paragraph = cell.add_paragraph()
format = paragraph.paragraph_format
run = paragraph.add_run()
format.space_before = Pt(0)
format.space_after = Pt(0)
format.line_spacing = 1.0
format.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER
return paragraph, format, run
def main():
document = Document()
sections = document.sections
section = sections[0]
section.top_margin = Inches(1.0)
section.bottom_margin = Inches(1.0)
section.left_margin = Inches(0.75)
section.right_margin = Inches(0.75)
table = document.add_table(rows=1, cols=5)
table.allow_autofit = False
cells = table.rows[0].cells
for i in range(5):
pic_path = f"Table_Images\pic_{i}.jpg"
cell = cells[i]
cell.vertical_alignment = WD_ALIGN_VERTICAL.TOP
cell_p, cell_f, cell_r = paragraph_format_run(cell)
cell_r.add_picture(pic_path, width=Inches(1.25))
doc_path = "TableTest_1.docx"
document.save(doc_path)

Each blank cell in a newly created table contains a single empty paragraph. This is just one of those things about the Word format. I suppose it gives a place to put the insertion mark (flashing vertical cursor) when you're using the Word application. A completely empty cell would have no place to "click" into.
This requires that any code that adds content to a cell must treat the first paragraph differently. In short, you access the first paragraph as cell.paragraphs[0] and only create second and later paragraphs with cell.add_paragraph().
So in this particular case, the paragraph_format_run() function would change like this:
def paragraph_format_run(cell):
paragraph = cell.paragraphs[0]
...
This assumes a lot, like it only works when cell is empty, but given what you now know about cell paragraphs you may be able to adapt it to adding multiple images into a cell if later decide you need that.

Why are my charFormat styles only working on selections, and only those made in a specific direction?

I've been trying to be more explicit in my assignment of character formats for a text editor so that I can understand what I might be able to customize with my current skill range. While the basic copy-paste versions of my format methods worked pretty well, the version below keeps working and then not working in frustrating ways and need help figuring out what might be causing it.
The editor was originally intended to be a WYSIWYG editor styled via tags for documentation. Qt's confusing use of Html hasn't made that easy.
My basic flow is to extract a copy of the current format, check its current state, invert it, and reapply the format to the position or selection it was extracted from.
# textEdit is a QTextEdit with a loaded document.
# This function is one of several related pairs called by a switchboard.
# It's intent is to invert the italic state of the current position/selection.
def toggle_italic_text(textEdit):
# Get the cursor, and the format's state at its current selection/position.
cursor = textEdit.textCursor()
charFormat = cursor.charFormat()
currentState = charFormat.fontItalic()
# Invert the state within the format.
print(currentState)
charFormat.setFontItalic(not currentState)
print(charFormat.fontItalic())
# Reapply the format to the cursor's current selection/position.
cursor.mergeCharFormat(charFormat)
When I first implemented it, this worked find. Now, it only works on selections, and even then it seems to identify the wrong state depending which direction I make a selection. After experimenting with it, it appears that if I make a selection to the right, it inverts correctly. If I make a selection to the left, it doesn't.
When trying to assign it to a position without a selection, the printed state changes from False to True, which is desired, yet the effect doesn't apply as I type. If I run it repeatedly in place, it continues to change from False to True, meaning the change is being lost.
The function is being called consistently and running through completely. The stored state of the charFormat copy does change.
Why has this pattern stopped working? Am I using charFormats wrong? Why does the direction of selection change the results?
As far as what changed on my end, I had been getting lost in my styling efforts after needing to apply styles through QFonts, QCharFormats, QPalette, and CSS stylesheets (and doc.defaultStylesheet) targeting both widgets and html tags. I desperately wanted my styles to be controlled through one approach, but couldn't figure out the hierarchy or find an approach that applied widely enough. In the end, I stripped out everything except for the stylesheet assigned to the window.
If there's no issue with the code itself, I'm really hoping for hints at what might be disrupting things. It took me awhile to get used to the idea that cursors and formats are copies meant to be changed and reapplied, while the document and its blocks are the real structure.

The important thing that must be considered about QTextCursor.charFormat() is this:
Returns the format of the character immediately before the cursor position().
So, not only this doesn't work very well with selections that include multiple character formats, but you also have to consider the cursor position, which might change in a selection: it could be at the beginning (so it would return the format of the character before the selection), or at the end (returning the format of the last character in the selection).
If you want to invert the state based on the current cursor position (if at the beginning, use the first character, if at the end, use the last), then you can use the following:
def toggle_italic_text(self):
cursor = self.textEdit.textCursor()
if not cursor.hasSelection():
charFormat = cursor.charFormat()
charFormat.setFontItalic(not charFormat.fontItalic())
cursor.setCharFormat(charFormat)
# in this case, the cursor has to be applied to the textEdit to ensure
# that the following typed characters use the new format
self.textEdit.setTextCursor(cursor)
return
start = cursor.selectionStart()
end = cursor.selectionEnd()
newCursor = QtGui.QTextCursor(self.textEdit.document())
newCursor.setPosition(start)
if cursor.position() == start:
cursor.setPosition(start + 1)
charFormat = cursor.charFormat()
charFormat.setFontItalic(not charFormat.fontItalic())
newCursor.setPosition(end, cursor.KeepAnchor)
newCursor.mergeCharFormat(charFormat)
If you want to invert all states in the selection, you need to cycle through all characters.
While you could just change the char format for each character, that wouldn't be a very good thing for very large selections, so the solution is to apply the italic only when the char format actually changes from the previous state, and when at the end of the selection.
def toggle_italic_text(self):
# ...
start = cursor.selectionStart()
end = cursor.selectionEnd()
newCursor = QtGui.QTextCursor(self.textEdit.document())
newCursor.setPosition(start)
cursor.setPosition(start)
prevState = cursor.charFormat().fontItalic()
while cursor.position() < end:
cursor.movePosition(cursor.Right)
charFormat = cursor.charFormat()
if charFormat.fontItalic() != prevState or cursor.position() >= end:
newPos = cursor.position()
if cursor.position() < end:
newPos -= 1
newCursor.setPosition(newPos, cursor.KeepAnchor)
charFormat.setFontItalic(not prevState)
newCursor.mergeCharFormat(charFormat)
prevState = not prevState
newCursor.setPosition(cursor.position() - 1)

tkinter text widget: Setting the insertion curser

I want to create automcomplete feature in a tkinter text widget. When the autocomplete finds a possible word, it deletes the user part-of-word, then insert the complete word:
#if some matched words are found
if self._hits != []:
#delete the part written by the user
self.text.delete("%s+1c" % Space1Index,INSERT)
#Inser the complete word
self.text.insert("%s+1c" % Space1Index,self._hits[self._hit_index])
Then I will tag the text added by the autocomplete to have a different look than the user input. For ex, if the user wrote te, autocomplete will write the complete word test. te will be with normal font, and st will be wrote in another color and waits for the user to confirm the selected word by the computer.
My question is, after inserting the word test and properly highlighting it, how can I move the INSERT position again after te?
I hope I could clarify my question enough, please let me know if more explanation is needed.

To move the insertion cursor, set the "insert" mark to wherever you want:
self.text.mark_set("insert", "%s+1c" % ...)
-or-
self.text.mark_set(INSERT, "%s+1c" % ...)

You can save the position of the insert mark before your autocompletion changes and reset the mark to the saved position after:
old_pos = self.text.index("insert")
# make autocompletion changes
self.text.mark_set("insert", old_pos)

python Search for text in a gtk textview

I have looked around and I would think this to be really simple, for some reason I ahve only found parts of what I need.
I have made a text editor and I have a box that what is typed it will find the problem is that it will only find the first word the in the text view adn I can't get it to search the next line.
like a find function in a textdocument.
def search(found):
search_str = findentry.get_text()
start_iter = textbuffer.get_start_iter()
found = start_iter.forward_search(search_str,0, None)
if found:
match_start,match_end = found
textbuffer.select_range(match_start,match_end)
I thought I would be able to do a button that is a search next and make it forward search again adding something and a variable +1.
how can I make it search forward and backwards.

You are using get_start_iter(), which returns the first position in text buffer. Probably, you want to start from match_end, which is the position where word ends in the first search, that is, you should start from there.
Assuming you are returning found and calling again search with that parameter, then can replace the line:
start_iter = textbuffer.get_start_iter()
by
start_iter = found[1] if found else textbuffer.get_start_iter()
The first time, or whenever you want to reset the search, you can pass found=None.