Develop Reference

Only opening a Window only when it already is not open in Tkinter

I created a button in tkinter with its command being to create anew window. But I don't want it to create a new window every time I click the create a new window button. I want to tell the program to open the new window only if it is not already open. If somewhere in the background the window is already open and the user presses the create a new window button I want it to move that window on the first layer of the user's screen (bringing it upfront from all the other open windows).
Here is my code --
def main():
main_bg = "Gray"
main_fg = "White"
import tkinter as tk
employees = []
window = tk.Tk()
window.configure(bg=main_bg)
window.title("Business app")
window.geometry("1100x650")
def open_new_window():
random_window = tk.Toplevel(window)
random_window.configure(bg=main_bg)
random_window.geometry("600x600")
random_button = tk.Button(window, text="Do Something", font="Times 32", bg=main_bg, fg=main_fg, command=open_new_window)
random_button.pack()
window.mainloop()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
I have searched websites like Geeksforgeeks and this website but I could not find the solution I was looking for. Please help.
NOTE -- PLEASE DO NOT CLOSE THIS QUESTION AND POINT ME TOWARDS ANOTHER FORUM BECAUSE I HAVE CHECKED OTHERS IN THIS WEBSITE AS I MENTIONED ABOVE

Added grab_set() will prevent open new window again.
def open_new_window():
random_window = tk.Toplevel(window)
#random_window.configure(bg=main_bg)
random_window.geometry("600x600")
random_window.grab_set()
Result:
When you click Do Something will prevent open new window. Unless close the topelevel window and then open new window again

You can save a reference to the widget, and then check the reference to see if it's set. If it is set, you can then call winfo_exists to check whether the reference points to an existing window.
random_window = None
...
def open_new_window():
global random_window
if random_window and random_window.winfo_exists():
# the window exists, so do nothing
return
random_window = tk.Toplevel(window)
random_window.configure(bg=main_bg)
random_window.geometry("600x600")

Using windows forms in Python how to change starting position of messagebox

I am using a python install that doesn't accept Tkinter or any other gui library but will accept .Net and windows forms. I have a message box that needs to come on screen to give the user a message but it always comes up dead centre of the monitor. As the user needs to interact with the window directly underneath the message box the user needs to grab the message box and drag it to another part of the screen before interacting with the window underneath and then pressing ok on the message box. Is there any other way to set the message box to appear in a corner of the monitor or elsewhere?
EDIT: I have a form now, but still don't know the method to call to position the window elsewhere than centre.
Initial Code
import clr
clr.AddReference("System.Windows.Forms")
import System.Windows.Forms as WF
WF.MessageBox.Show("Message box in centre ")
Newer code - still doesn't get me a window in the corner
import sys
sys.path.append(r'C:\Python24\Lib')
import clr
clr.AddReference("System.Drawing")
clr.AddReference("System.Windows.Forms")
from System.Drawing import Point
from System.Windows.Forms import Application, Button, Form, Label
class SdnMessageForm(Form):
def __init__(self):
self.Text = 'SDN winform'
self.label = Label()
self.label.Text = "Move drops to datum"
self.label.Location = Point(50, 50)
self.label.Height = 30
self.label.Width = 200
self.CenterToScreen()
self.count = 0
button = Button()
button.Text = "OK"
button.Location = Point(50, 100)
button.Click += self.buttonPressed
self.Controls.Add(self.label)
self.Controls.Add(button)
def buttonPressed(self, sender, args):
self.Close()
form = SdnMessageForm()
Application.Run(form)
print(dir(form))
Result
Creates a message box in the centre of the display
Desired result
A message box which is displayed in a corner.
Acceptable but not desired result
Comment out the self.CenterToScreen() line, this seems to open the form towards the left gof the display, its not custom but its better than I had. I would still appreciate a custom solution where I can position the form on the right upper corner.

Pygtk WebKit get source html

Here is my sample code. How do I get the html source code of the current page. It only prints 'GString at 0x8875130' . How to convert it to real text contains html?
from gi.repository import WebKit
from gi.repository import Gtk, Gdk
def get_source(webobj, frame):
print "loading..."
x = web.get_main_frame().get_data_source().get_data()
print x
win = Gtk.Window()
web = WebKit.WebView()
web.open("http://google.com")
web.connect("load-finished", get_source)
win.add(web)
win.show_all()
Gtk.main()

print x.str
Data is available as .str member of GLib.String object. For further details try help(GLib.String) on python prompt after importing libraries.

#Before you can use the require_version() method from gi, you need to import the gi module.
import gi
#Specify versions to import from the repository.
gi.require_version('Gtk','3.0')
gi.require_version('WebKit','3.0')
#Import the modules that will give us a Graphical User Interface (GUI) and a WebKit Browser.
from gi.repository import Gtk,WebKit
#Define your function to handle the WebKit's "load-finished" event. The webobj is a reference to the WebKit that triggered the event. The frame is which frame triggered the event (useful if the loaded page has multiple frames like a frameset.
def ShowSource(webobj,frame):
#What you have printed is what results from this line. This line returns a reference to an object, so when you print it's return value, a description is all Python knows to print.
SourceCodeStringObject=frame.get_data_source().get_data()
#You can get the text the object is carrying from it's "str" member property like I do below.
SourceCodeStringText=SourceCodeStringObject.str
#Send the source code string text to the output stream.
print(SourceCodeStringText)
#Create Window object.
Window=Gtk.Window()
#Set the text to display in the window's caption.
Window.set_title("Test of Python GTK and WebKit")
#Set the starting window size in pixels.
Window.set_default_size(480,320)
#Create the WebView object.
WebBrowser=WebKit.WebView()
#Tell the WebView object to load a website.
WebBrowser.open("https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24119290/pygtk-webkit-get-source-html")
#Set the event handler for the WebView's "load-finished" event to the function we have above.
WebBrowser.connect("load-finished",ShowSource)
#Add the WebView to the window.
Window.add(WebBrowser)
#Set the handler of the window closing to cause GTK to exit. Without this, GTK will hang when it quits, because it's main loop that we start later will still be running. Gtk.main_quit will stop the main loop for GTK.
Window.connect("delete-event",Gtk.main_quit)
#Display the window.
Window.show_all()
#Start GTK's main loop.
Gtk.main()

This way works for me.
#!/usr/bin/env python
import webkit, gtk
def get_source(webobj, frame):
print "loading..."
x = web.get_main_frame().get_data_source().get_data()
print x
win = gtk.Window()
win.set_position(gtk.WIN_POS_CENTER_ALWAYS)
win.resize(1024,768)
win.connect('destroy', lambda w: gtk.main_quit())
win.set_title('Titulo')
vbox = gtk.VBox(spacing=5)
vbox.set_border_width(5)
web = webkit.WebView()
vbox.pack_start(web, fill=True, expand=True)
web = webkit.WebView()
web.open("http://www.google.co.ve")
web.connect("load-finished", get_source)
browser_settings = web.get_settings()
browser_settings.set_property('user-agent', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i586; rv:31.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/31.0')
browser_settings.set_property('enable-default-context-menu', True)
browser_settings.set_property('enable-accelerated-compositing', True)
browser_settings.set_property('enable-file-access-from-file-uris', True)
web.set_settings(browser_settings)
win.add(web)
win.show_all()
gtk.main()

Using Glade 3.12 widgets in python

Just as some history, I have been using python for about 5 years now and have finally decided to make my first gui app in Glade.
I started with something basic, I have a button, a Gtkentry and gtktextview
This is what I am trying to accomplish:
on button press, take from the text from gtk.entry and have it appended to the gtk.textview
now the main problem I have is that I can not find descent documentation for how to use the widgets, and the examples I find on the Internet reference both a builder variation as well as another variation of glade project which I can only assume has been discontinued. I would like to learn how builder fits into the python / glade collaboration.
my code so far:
import gtk
import pygtk
def onDeleteWindow(self, *args):
Gtk.main_quit(*args)
def hello(button):
text_buffer.set_text(txtinput.get_text())
builder = gtk.Builder()
builder.add_from_file("dagui.glade")
handlers = {
"onDeleteWindow": gtk.main_quit,
"buttondown": hello
}
builder.connect_signals(handlers)
textarea = builder.get_object("textview1")
window = builder.get_object("window1")
txtinput = builder.get_object("entry1")
window.show_all()
gtk.main()
window.show_all()
gtk.main()
now this all works and pressing the button will print what ever is in the gtk.entry but I can not find how to append it to the textview. I also am not sure what to search for to find documentation, I tried "gtk builder gtk.textview" and pygtk build gtk.textview append" and all other variations.
Though knowing how to simply add the text to the text view would be great, having a link to somewhere where I can get in plain english how to use these widgets I would be forever great-full.

Frob the gtk.TextView, you need to get the gtk.TextBuffer by using the textview's buffer property.
From the textbuffer, you need to get the iterator that points to the end of the buffer with the get_end_iter method. With that iterator, and your text, you can use the textbuffer's insert method.
Edit: Since I don't have the dagui.glade file, I couldn't test it, but see the following code:
def hello(button):
global textarea, txtinput
buffer = textarea.get_property('buffer')
i = buffer.get_end_iter()
buffer.insert(i, txtinput.get_text())
# clear the input window after appending the text
txtinput.set_text('')

I figured it out, I have found out the the gtk.textview.get_buffer actually sets the buffer ID and then the textview.set_text(buffer) isall I needed.
here is the full working code, the glade is just a button, an entry and a textview:
#!/usr/bin/python
import os
import sys
import gtk
import pygtk
def onDeleteWindow(self, *args):
Gtk.main_quit(*args)
def hello(button):
textbuffer = textarea.get_buffer()
textbuffer.set_text(txtinput.get_text())
builder = gtk.Builder()
builder.add_from_file("dagui.glade")
handlers = {
"onDeleteWindow": gtk.main_quit,
"buttondown": hello
}
builder.connect_signals(handlers)
textarea = builder.get_object("textview1")
window = builder.get_object("window1")
txtinput = builder.get_object("entry1")
window.show_all()
gtk.main()

Use this to add text :
textarea.set_text('whatever you want')
and this for adding pango markup ( http://goo.gl/94Pkk ) :
textarea.set_markup('<span size="large>Example</span>')
Here's the documentation : http://python-gtk-3-tutorial.readthedocs.org/en/latest/index.html

Get text from popup window

I'm trying to read the text from a popup window.
The title is always the same. I've managed to identify the hwnd and get the title with the code below, but I can't figure out how to read the contents.
import time
import win32gui, win32con
windows = []
def _MyCallback( hwnd, extra ):
extra.append(hwnd)
win32gui.EnumWindows(_MyCallback, windows)
while True:
window = win32gui.GetForegroundWindow()
title = win32gui.GetWindowText(window)
if title == 'Errors occurred': print 'error window'
time.sleep(1)
Here's the working version:
import time
import win32gui
while True:
window = win32gui.GetForegroundWindow()
title = win32gui.GetWindowText(window)
if title == 'Errors occurred':
control = win32gui.FindWindowEx(window, 0, "static", None)
print 'text: ', win32gui.GetWindowText(control)
time.sleep(1)

You will only be able to read this text programmatically if it is contained in a windowed control. You can easily check this with Spy++. Many GUI frameworks don't use windowed controls for their child controls, or only use windowed controls for some children.
If it is a windowed control then you can identify it by calling GetWindow() and walking the child structure (obviously you need to use the win32gui equivalent).

I don't have access to the framework or the error dialog you are using, so I can only say in general what you want.
You need the FindWindowEx function, and use it to find a control whose class name is 'static' (or whatever the class name of the control is). I imagine this would be the line:
control = win32gui.FindWindowEx(window, 0, "Static", 0)
That returns the handle to the control, and you can then use GetWindowText on that to get the text.