I'm fairly new to Python and one of the practice projects I'm trying to do is converting sentences into pig latin. The original project was just converting words into pig latin, but I want to expand this into converting sentences.
Here's the code I have so far:
import sys
print("Pig Latin Maker")
VOWELS = 'aeiouy'
while True:
word = input ("Write a Word: ")
if word[0] in VOWELS:
pig_Latin = word + 'way'
else:
pig_Latin = word[1:] + word[0] + 'ay'
print ()
print ("{}".format(pig_Latin), file=sys.stderr)
end = input ("\n\n Press N\n")
if end.lower() == "n":
sys.exit()
The plan is to modify this so it splits all the words in the input sentence, converts each word to pig latin, and then spits it back out as one sentence but I'm not really sure how to do that.
I'm using Python 3.8. Any help is appreciated! Thank you.
You could split the sentence by the space character into separate strings each containing a word. You can then apply your current algorithm to every single word in that sentence. str has a method split which returns a list.
To get the words in a list, use listofwords = input('Write your sentence: ').split().
Then, you can combine the list of pig-latin words doing print(' '.join(listofpiglatin)).
import sys
print("Pig Latin Maker")
VOWELS = 'aeiouy'
while True:
listofwords = input ("Write a Sentence: ").split() # splits by spaces
listofpiglatin = []
for word in listofwords:
if word[0] in VOWELS:
pig_Latin = word + 'way'
else:
pig_Latin = word[1:] + word[0] + 'ay'
listofpiglatin.append(pig_Latin) # adds your new pig-latin word to our list
print()
print(' '.join(listofpiglatin)) # spits the words back as a sentence
end = input ("\n\n Press n")
if end.lower() == "n":
sys.exit()
I hope that this helps you learn!
Put your algorithm into a function:
def makePigLatin(word):
<your code here>
return latinWord
As other users mentioned, split the input and assign to a list:
words = input('blah').split()
Then apply your function to each word in the list:
translatedWords = map(makePigLatin, words)
Print them back out by joining them together:
print(' '.join(translatedWords))
I have this code:
def remove_punctuation(self,text):
exclude = set(string.punctuation)
a=''.join(ch for ch in text if ch not in exclude)
return ''.join(c for c in a if not ud.category(c).startswith('P'))
First I would like to know what this does :
ch for ch in text if ch not in exclude
How is it possible to write a for loop like that?
second, I want to replace those punctuation let's say in a text like this :
"hello_there?my_friend!" with a space using the above code. How can I change that code to do that?
The piece of code:
a = ''.join([ch for ch in text if ch not in exclude])
is equivalent to
string_without_punctuation = ''
exclude = set(string.punctuation) # =set('!"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?#[\]^_`{|}~')
for character in text:
if character not in exclude:
string_without_punctuation += character
You could simply do this to replace the punctuation with spaces:
string_without_punctuation = ''
exclude = set(string.punctuation) # =set('!"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?#[\]^_`{|}~')
for character in text:
if character not in exclude:
string_without_punctuation += character
else:
string_without_punctuation += ' '
I'd recommend using str.translate instead of manually rebuilding the string. Make a lookup table mapping characters to the strings you want to replace them with.
trans = str.maketrans(dict.fromkeys(string.punctuation, ' '))
"hello_there?my_friend!".translate(trans)
# 'hello there my friend '
My task is to print all words in a sentence whose first letter is within a range of letters, for example: h-z.
This is my code so far, however it still prints words which begin with "g" and does not print the last word.
famous_quote = input("Enter a one sentence quote: ").lower()
word = ""
for ltr in famous_quote:
if ltr.isalpha() == True:
word = word + ltr
else:
if word > "g":
print(word)
word = ""
else:
word = ""
I'm only allowed to use ASCII comparisons, I've tried to compare the ASCII values but I don't know how to go about it in this context.
Sample input:
Wheresoever you go, go with all your heart
Sample output:
WHERESOEVER
YOU
WITH
YOUR
HEART
Algorithm I've come up with:
- split the words by building a placeholder variable: word
- Loop each character in the input string
- check if character is a letter
- add a letter to word each loop until a non-alpha char is encountered
- if character is alpha
- add character to word
- non-alpha detected (space, punctuation, digit,...) defines the end of a word and goes to else
- else
- check if word is greater than "g" alphabetically
- print word
- set word = empty string
- or else
- set word = empty string and build the next word
- Hint: use .lower()
You can define a neat little generator to split your sentence into words and compare the first letter of each.
def filter_words(sentence, lo, hi):
lo, hi = map(str.upper, (lo, hi))
words = sentence.upper().split()
for word in words:
if lo <= word[0] <= hi:
yield word
sentence = 'Wheresoever you go, go with all your heart'
print(*filter_words(sentence, 'h', 'z'), sep='\n')
WHERESOEVER
YOU
WITH
YOUR
HEART
This is how I approached this problem. It gave me a hard time since I am a beginer. But it seems to work fine.
quote = "quote goes here"
word = ""
for letter in quote:
if letter.isalpha():
word += letter
else:
if word > "":
print(word.upper())
word = ""
else:
word = ""
print(word.upper())
I added the space to the user_input and also used the word > 'h'. Below is how it looks:
user_input = input('Enter a phrase: ').lower()
user_input += ' '
word = ''
for char in user_input:
if char.isalpha():
word += char
else:
if word > 'h':
print(word.upper())
word = ''
else:
word = ''
This code worked for me...
The task is: Create a program inputs a phrase (like a famous quotation) and prints all of the words that start with h-z
I was making the mistake of using word > "g" before, which needs to be replaced by word > "h".
Also, you need to add the last print command in order to print the last word in case the phrase does not end with a punctuation (as in the given example)
phrase = input ("Please enter a phrase: ").lower()
word = ""
for letter in phrase:
if letter.isalpha():
word += letter
else:
if(word > "h" ):
print(word)
word = ""
else:
word = ""
if word.lower() > 'h':
print(word)
Just one comment on the exercise, as a programming exercise this approach is fine but you would never do it this way in practice.
The two issues you've highlighted is that you are comparing the whole word instead of just the first character.
Simply change:
if word > "g":
To:
if word and word[0] > "g":
And if the quote doesn't finish with a punctuation you will miss the last word off, just add after the loop:
if word:
print(word)
You may note the output is all uppercase, so .lower() the whole quotation may be an issue, alternatively you can just .lower() the comparison, e.g.:
famous_quote = input("Enter a one sentence quote: ")
...
if word and word[0].lower() > "g":
Note: You can simplify your else: condition:
else:
if word and word[0] > "g":
print(word)
word = ""
You stated that you are not allowed to use the split() method. I am not sure what you can use, so here's a solution (not the optimal one).
famous_quote = input("Enter a one sentence quote:") + ' '
current_word = None
for c in famous_quote:
if ('a' <= c <= 'z') or ('A' <= c <= 'Z'):
if current_word is None:
current_word = c # start a new word
else:
current_word += c # append a new letter to current word
else:
if current_word is not None:
f = current_word[0] # first letter
if ('h' <= f <= 'z') or ('H' <= f <= 'Z'):
print(current_word)
current_word = None
Here is a sample run of the program. It preserves lowercase and uppercase. It also splits words on any non-ASCII character.
Enter a one sentence quote: Whereever you go, there you are!!!
Whereever
you
there
you
Note: Since printing is done when a non-ASCII character is encountered, a non-ASCII character is appended at the end of famous_quote.
Assuming that the famous quote contains only spaces as word separator, this should do the job:
words = input("Enter a one sentence quote: ").lower().split()
for word in words:
if word[0] > 'g':
print("{w} ".format(w = word))
split() transforms a string into a list (array). It takes, by default, the space character as parameter (hence I did not give the argument) and returns the list of words.
print() can be used in a lot of ways, due to python's history with this function.
You can .join() the list (getting a string as result) and print it:
print(" ".join(words))
you can also print with concatenations (considered ugly):
print(word+" ")
or you can use formatted printing, which I do use a lot for readibility:
print("{w} ".format(w = word))
interprets "{w}" and replaces it with word wherever "{w}" appears.
Print formatting is rather CPU consuming (but it is still really fast). Usually any print operation slows your application, you want to minimize making outputs if you are making CPU intensive apps in your future (here I don't do that because CPU is not the main concern).
1. Split the words by building a placeholder variable: word
Loop each character in the input string
and check if character is a letter. Then add letter to the variable "word". Loop until a non-alpha char is encountered.
2. If character is alpha or (alphabet)
Add character to word.
Non-alpha detected (space, punctuation, digit,...) defines the end of a word and goes to the "else" part.
input_quote = input("Enter a 1 sentence quote, non - alpha seperate words: ")
word = ""
for character in input_quote:
if character.isalpha():
word += character
3. Else
Check if word is greater than "g" alphabetically. Print word and set "word = empty" string.
else:
if word and word[0].lower() >= "h":
print("\n", word.upper())
word = ""
4. Or else
Set word = empty string and build the next word.
else:
word = ""
if word.lower() >= "h":
print("\n", word.upper())
The last "if" is explicitly coded to print the last word if it doesn't end with a non-alpha character like a space or punctuation.
I did this exact same problem. The issue most people are having (and no one seemed to point out) is when you encounter double punctuations or a punctuation followed by a space.
This is the code I used.
phrase = input("Please enter a famous quote: ")
word = ""
for letter in phrase:
if letter.isalpha() is True:
word += letter
elif len(word) < 1: <--- [This is what accounts for double punctuations]
word = ""
elif word[0].lower() >= "g":
print(word)
word = ""
else:
word = ""
print(word) <--- [accounts for last word if not punctuated]
Variable "word" already contains your last word of the phrase but since it does not fulfil the condition to enter the loop it does not gets printed. So you can check the below solution.
phrase = input("Enter a phrase after this: ")
word = ""
for char in phrase:
if char.isalpha():
word += char
else:
if word != "":
if word[0].lower() >= "h":
print(word.upper())
word = ""
else:
word = ""
if word[0].lower() >= "h":
print(word.upper())
This code works for me:
phrase=input("Enter a one sentence quote,non-alpha separate words: ")
word=""
for character in phrase:
if character.isalpha():
word+=character
else:
if word.lower()>="h".lower():
print(word.upper())
word="" -----this code defines the end of a word
else:
word=""
print(word.upper()) ------this will print the last word
I would use regular expressions and list compreshension as shown in the function below.
def words_fromH2Z():
text = input('Enter a quote you love : ')
return [word for word in re.findall('\w+', text) if not word[0] in list('aAbBcCdDeEfFgG')]
When I test the function by putting in the input "I always Visit stack Overflow for Help", I get:
words_fromH2Z()
Enter a quote you love : I always Visit stack Overflow for Help
['I', 'Visit', 'stack', 'Overflow', 'Help']
This worked well for me. I had to add the last two lines of code because without them, it wasn't printing the last word, even if it began with a letter between h and z.
word = ""
quote = input("Enter your quote")
for char in quote:
if char.isalpha():
word += char
elif word[0:1].lower() > "g":
print(word.upper())
word = ""
else:
word = ""
if word[0:1].lower() > "g":
print(word.upper())
famous_quote = input("Enter a one sentence quote:")
current_word = None
for c in famous_quote:
if c.isalpha():
if (c >= 'a') or (c >= 'A'):
if current_word is None:
current_word = c
else:
current_word += c
else:
if current_word is not None:
f = current_word[0]
if ('h' <= f <= 'z') or ('H' <= f <= 'Z'):
print (current_word.upper())
current_word = None
if famous_quote[-1].isalpha():
print (current_word.upper())
I am making a hangman game, but there's something i can't figure out.
I am able to hide the letters using
guessed = "_"*len(guess)
but it also hides the spaces. for example if my word is 'the avengers' it will hide 12 characters instead of 11. how do unhide/leave the spaces alone? this is what i have so far:
def getHiddenWord():
guess = getRandomWord().lower()
guessed = "_"*len(guess)
if "_" in guessed is " ":
print(guessed.replace("_", " "))
else:
print("The Word is:", guessed)
return guessed
Use re.sub
guessed = re.sub(r'\S', '_', guess)
\S would match any non-space character. So the above re.sub function would replace any non-space character from the input string with _.
Example:
>>> import re
>>> s = 'the avengers'
>>> re.sub(r'\S', '_', s)
'___ ________'
>>>
or
>>> ''.join(['_' if not i.isspace() else i for i in s])
'___ ________'
>>>
A simple way to do that:
def getHiddenWord(guess):
guessed = ''
for c in guess.lower():
if c != ' ':
guessed += '_'
else:
guessed += ' '
return guessed
The problem with your approach is that you use this:
guessed = "_"*len(guess)
It takes the whole length of the string and the empty space is also counted. If for some reason you need to exclude empty space in the count of len you need to use this:
guessed = "_" * (len(guess) - guess.count(' '))
But in your case you most likely don't need it.
Also note that the function getHiddenWord(guess) does not change your original word but creates a new one and returns it.
Intention is to write a function that would reverse the words in a string. So that if the input is: "I am a student" the output should be "student am a I"
I have the following code in Python which first reverses all the characters in a string and then loops the reversed sentence to reverse the words and prints them to a "final sentence" variable.
Because the condition I am checking for is just a space, the first word doesn't get printed i.e. if the input is " I am a student" my code works (notice the space before "I") ... however if the input is "I am a student" then the output is just "student a am"
I need to know how can I modify my IF statement so it doesn't miss the first word
def reverse(sentence):
count = 0
new_sentence = ''
final_sentence = ''
counter = 0
word = ''
for char in sentence[::-1]:
new_sentence = new_sentence + char
for char in new_sentence:
if char != " ":
count = count + 1
continue
else:
for i in new_sentence[count-1::-1]:
if i != " ":
word = word + i
else:
break
count = count + 1
final_sentence = final_sentence + " " + word
word = ''
print final_sentence
reverse("I am a student")
I'm not sure why you are doing such complicated loops? You can just split the sentence, reverse and then join it again:
>>> ' '.join('I am a student'.split(' ')[::-1])
'student a am I'
To translate that into a function:
def reverse_sentence(sentence):
return ' '.join(sentence.split(' ')[::-1])
You're doing several strange things in your code. For example:
new_sentence = ''
for char in sentence[::-1]:
new_sentence = new_sentence + char
The string you're building through concatenation is already present in sentence[::-1]. You could've just done new_sentence = sentence[::-1].
You can check for the first word by using enumerate() and checking whether there is a space prior to that point in the sentence:
for idx,char in enumerate(new_sentence):
if char != " " or ' ' not in new_sentence[:idx]:
However, the easiest way to accomplish your actual goal is with split(), splitting the sentence by whitespace automatically. Use join() to put it back together once you've reversed it.
def reverse(sentence):
return ' '.join(sentence.split()[::-1])