I have cloned a github Repo PyCMake, and got into the root folder of the project. ImpPackage(Package containing several module) and maker.py(have some imports from ImpPackage) are the two files in this folder.
PyCMake/
+Readme & many more things
+setup.py
+pycmake/
__init__
maker.py
ImpPackages/
+__init__
+contains many .py modules
maker.py
....
from pycmake import ImpPackage
...
...
When I run
$python maker.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "pycmake/maker.py", line 4, in <module>
from pycmake import ImpPackage
ImportError: cannot import name ImpPackage
But when I make maker.py as:
....
import ImpPackage #removed 'from'
...
...
Its working fine.
I want the import statement to be
from pycmake import ImpPackage
because its a Open Source Project. How will I solve this problem?
Related
My directory looks like this
When I start directly with PyCharm it works.
But when I try to start the script with a commandline I get this error messsage
> python .\PossibilitiesPlotter.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\username\PycharmProjects\SwapMatrixPlotter\possibilitiesplotter\PossibilitiesPlotter.py", line 7, in <module>
from plotterresources.PlotterProps import PlotterProps
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'plotterresources'
This is how the import looks from my main class PossibilitesPlotter.py
import sys
sys.path.append("plotterresources/PlotterProps.py")
from csv import reader
from pathlib import Path
from plotterresources.PlotterProps import PlotterProps
from possibilitiesplotter.PossibilitiesGraph import PossibilitiesGraph
from possibilitiesplotter.PossibilitiesModel import PossibilitiesModel
class PossibilitiesPlotter:
As a workaround, add the following line to PossibilitesPlotter.py:
sys.path.append("../plotterresources/PlotterProps.py")
This will add the directory one level above the commandline pwd to the PATH variable. So this is always relative to the location of the calling script/shell.
Thus in general:
NEVER append to the PATH/PYTHONPATH variable from within modules. Instead restructure your module. For more details, take a look at the documentation on Packaging Python Projects
my files are look like this
-root/
-main.py
-nyaizhel_includes/
-includemain.py
-commands/
-astolfo.py
-naruto.py
...
from main.py, i import includemain.py
from nyaizhel_includes import includemain
it works, includemain.py gets imported,
from includemain.py i import commands
from commands import astolfo
from commands import narutobanner
from commands import rgirl
...
includemain.py gets included but astolfo isn't get included, why?
console log
heroku[main.1]: State changed from starting to up
2021-04-13T09:42:02.840988+00:00 app[main.1]: Traceback (most recent call last):
2021-04-13T09:42:02.841010+00:00 app[main.1]: File "/app/main.py", line 42, in <module>
2021-04-13T09:42:02.841140+00:00 app[main.1]: from nyaizhel_includes import includemain
2021-04-13T09:42:02.841141+00:00 app[main.1]: File "/app/nyaizhel_includes/includemain.py", line 1, in <module>
2021-04-13T09:42:02.841258+00:00 app[main.1]: from commands import astolfo
2021-04-13T09:42:02.841262+00:00 app[main.1]: ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'commands'
2021-04-13T09:42:02.950174+00:00 heroku[main.1]: Process exited with status 1
2021-04-13T09:42:03.023470+00:00 heroku[main.1]: State changed from up to crashed
You didn't list your __init__.py file in your example, so make sure you add those so these are recognized as standard packages (although it seems you may already have).
The source of your error is likely that you're trying to do a relative import but specifying an absolute import:
If you use from .commands import astolfo (notice the period to signify relative import), that should resolve your issue. It is recommended to use absolute imports as per the PEP 8 Style guide however. In your case this would be from nyaizhel_includes.commands import astolfo, assuming nyaizhel_includes is your root package here.
See the documentation on Python packages for more information.
I have a file structure that looks like this:
Liquid
|
[Truncate]
|_General_parsing
[Truncate]
.....|_'__init__.py'
.....|_'Processer.py'
.....|'TOKENIZER.py'
|_'__init__.py'
|_'errors.py'
[Truncate]
I want to import errors.py from Processer.py. Is that possible? I tried to use this:
from ..errors import *; error_manager = errorMaster()
Which causes this:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/MYNAME/projects/Liquid/General_parsing/Processer.py", line 17, in <module>
from ..errors import *; error_manager = errorMaster()
ImportError: attempted relative import with no known parent package
[Finished in 0.125s]
I've seen this post, but it's no help, even if it tries to solve the same ImportError. This isn't, either (at least not until I edited it), since I tried:
import sys
sys.path.insert(1, '../Liquid')
from errors import *; error_manager = errorMaster()
That gives
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/MYNAME/projects/Liquid/General_parsing/Processer.py", line 19, in <module>
from errors import *; error_manager = errorMaster()
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'errors'
[Finished in 0.162s]
EDIT: Nevermind! I solved it! I just need to add .. to sys.path! Or . if .. doesn't solve your problem. But if those don't solve your problem: use some pathlib (came in python3.4+) magic and do:
from pathlib import Path
import sys
sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent))
or, if you want to use os: (gotten from this StackOverflow answer)
import os
os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..')
I solved it! I have to add .. to sys.path instead
I have three database-related classes that I want to combine into a package, in the following structure:
adodb_pyodbc /
__init__.py # empty
PyConnection.py
PyRecordset.py
PyField.py
This package is in my Lib/site-packages folder.
In an earlier iteration of this attempt, I did not use the "Py" prefix, and I got an error complaining that module.__init__() takes only two arguments, and three were being passed into it. Someone suggested that the name "Recordset" might be conflicting with something else, so I changed it.
The classes work when the files are in the same folder as the project that is using them. In that case, I can just use:
PyRecordset.py:
from PyConnection import PyConnection
from PyField import PyField
class PyRecordset: pass
DerivedSet.py
from PyRecordset import PyRecordset
class DerivedRecordset(PyRecordset): pass
But the same files don't work when they are located inside a package. My test program begins with this line:
from adodb_pyodbc import PyConnection as Connection
And when I run it I get this error message:
C:\Python35\python.exe "C:/Customers/Nucor Crawfordsville/Scripts/64 bit/Testing/cpsa_simulator.py"
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Customers/Nucor Crawfordsville/Scripts/64 bit/Testing/cpsa_simulator.py", line 8, in <module>
from Level3_CoilsSet import Level3_CoilsSet
File "C:\Customers\Nucor Crawfordsville\Scripts\64 bit\Testing\Level3_CoilsSet.py", line 1, in <module>
from adodb_pyodbc import PyRecordset as Recordset
File "C:\Python35\lib\site-packages\adodb_pyodbc\PyRecordset.py", line 9, in <module>
from PyConnection import PyConnection
ImportError: No module named 'PyConnection'
But when editing PyRecordset.py inside PyCharm, it appears to be able to find the PyConnection.py file.
I tried using relative addressing inside PyConnection.py:
from . import PyConnection
from . import PyField
But that puts me back to the __init__() error:
C:\Python35\python.exe "C:/Customers/Nucor Crawfordsville/Scripts/64 bit/Testing/cpsa_simulator.py"
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Customers/Nucor Crawfordsville/Scripts/64 bit/Testing/cpsa_simulator.py", line 8, in <module>
from Level3_CoilsSet import Level3_CoilsSet
File "C:\Customers\Nucor Crawfordsville\Scripts\64 bit\Testing\Level3_CoilsSet.py", line 3, in <module>
class Level3_CoilsSet(Recordset):
TypeError: module.__init__() takes at most 2 arguments (3 given)
How am I supposed to do this?
Thanks very much for your help. In the meantime, I'm going to take those files out of the package and put them back in my test project. I've wasted far too much time on this question.
When you one to use PyConnection from outside of the package you have to either import it from the module where it was defined:
from adodb_pyodbc.PyConnection import PyConnection as Connection
Or, more conveniently, import it in the package init file adodb_pyodbc/__init__.py:
from .PyConnection import PyConnection
And then, from the outside, you can just do:
from adodb_pyodbc import PyConnection as Connection
my dir location,i am in a.py:
my_Project
|----blog
|-----__init__.py
|-----a.py
|-----blog.py
when i 'from blog import something' in a.py , it show error:
from blog import BaseRequestHandler
ImportError: cannot import name BaseRequestHandler
i think it import the blog folder,not the blog.py
so how to import the blog.py
updated
when i use 'blog.blog', it show this:
from blog.blog import BaseRequestHandler
ImportError: No module named blog
updated2
my sys.path is :
['D:\\zjm_code', 'D:\\Python25\\lib\\site-packages\\setuptools-0.6c11-py2.5.egg', 'D:\\Python25\\lib\\site-packages\\whoosh-0.3.18-py2.5.egg', 'C:\\WINDOWS\\system32\\python25.zip', 'D:\\Python25\\DLLs', 'D:\\Python25\\lib', 'D:\\Python25\\lib\\plat-win', 'D:\\Python25\\lib\\lib-tk', 'D:\\Python25', 'D:\\Python25\\lib\\site-packages', 'D:\\Python25\\lib\\site-packages\\PIL']
zjm_code
|-----a.py
|-----b.py
a.py is :
c="ccc"
b.py is :
from a import c
print c
and when i execute b.py ,i show this:
> "D:\Python25\pythonw.exe" "D:\zjm_code\b.py"
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\zjm_code\b.py", line 2, in <module>
from a import c
ImportError: cannot import name c
When you are in a.py, import blog should import the local blog.py and nothing else. Quoting the docs:
modules are searched in the list of directories given by the variable sys.path which is initialized from the directory containing the input script
So my guess is that somehow, the name BaseRequestHandler is not defined in the file blog.py.
what happens when you:
import blog
Try outputting your sys.path, in order to make sure that you have the right dir to call the module from.