I have a server as app and all works ok except when I save ajax forms. If I save from python script - with right input - data are returned as unicode. But the data from js is strange: on pipe should be only bytes(that's the only data type http knows) , but bottle show me str (it is not utf-8) and I can't encode/decode to get correct value. On js side I try with jquery and form.serialise, works for other frameworks.
#post('/agt/save')
def saveagt():
a = Agent({x: request.forms.get(x) for x in request.forms})
print(a.nume, a.nume.encode())
return {'ret': ags.add(a)}
... and a name like „țânțar” become „ÈânÈar”.
It may be a simple problem, but I think I didn't drink enough coffee yet.
If anyone is curious, bottle don't handle corect the url.
So urllib.parse.unquote(request.body.read().decode()) solve problem.
or
d = urllib.parse.parse_qs(request.body.read().decode())
a = Agent({x: d[x][0] for x in d})
in my case.
Is it a bug of bottle? Or should I tell him to decode URI and I don't know how?
Use
request.forms.getunicode('some_form_field_name')
as shorthand, if you want to get around the character conversion to latin-1.
Related
EDIT:
In a similar vein, when I now try to log into their account with a post request, what is returned is none of the errors they suggest on their site, but is in fact a "JSON exception". Is there any way to debug this, or is an error code 500 completely impossible to deal with?
I'm well aware this question has been asked before. Sadly, when trying the proposed answers, none worked. I have an extremely simple Python project with urllib, and I've never done web programming in Python before, nor am I even a regular Python user. My friend needs to get access to content from this site, but their user-friendly front-end is down and I learned that they have a public API to access their content. Not knowing what I'm doing, but glad to try to help and interested in the challenge, I have very slowly set out.
Note that it is necessary for me to only use standard Python libraries, so that any finished project could easily be emailed to their computer and just work.
The following works completely fine minus the "originalLanguage" query, but when using it, which the API has documented as an array value, no matter whether I comma-separate things, or write "originalLanguage[0]" or "originalLanguage0" or anything that I've seen online, this creates the error message from the server: "Array value expected but string detected" or something along those lines.
Is there any way for me to get this working? Because it clearly can work, otherwise the API wouldn't document it. Many thanks.
In case it helps, when using "[]" or "<>" or "{}" or any delimeter I could think of, my IDE didn't recognise it as part of the URL.
import urllib.request as request
import urllib.parse as parse
def make_query(url, params):
url += "?"
for i in range(len(params)):
url += list(params)[i]
url += '='
url += list(params.values())[i]
if i < len(params) - 1:
url += '&'
return url
base = "https://api.mangadex.org/manga"
params = {
"limit": "50",
"originalLanguage": "en"
}
url = make_query(base, params)
req = request.Request(url)
response = request.urlopen(req)
I am writing a program (python Python 3.5.2) that uses a HTTPSConnection to get a JSON object as a response. I have it working using some example code, but am not sure where a method comes from.
My question is this: In the code below, the decode('utf-9') method doesn't exist in the documentation at https://docs.python.org/3.4/library/http.client.html#http.client.HTTPResponse under "21.12.2. HTTPResponse Objects". How would I know that the return value from the method "response.read()" has the method "decode('utf-8')" available?
Do Python objects inherit from a base class like C# objects do or am I missing something?
http = HTTPSConnection(get_hostname(token))
http.request('GET', uri_path, headers=get_authorization_header(token))
response = http.getresponse()
print(response.status, response.reason)
feed = json.loads(response.read().decode('utf-8'))
Thank you for your help.
The read method of the response object always returns a byte string (in Python 3, which I presume you are using as you use the print function). The byte string does indeed have a decode method, so there should be no problem with this code. Of course it makes the assumption that the response is encoded in UTF-8, which may or may not be correct.
[Technical note: email is a very difficult medium to handle: messages can be made up of different parts, each of which is differently encoded. At least with web traffic you stand a chance of reading the Content-Type header's charset attribute to find the correct encoding].
I am using bottle and peewee as the framework in back end, sqlite3 as the DB. And the summernote is the text editor at the front. Succeed in saving the code into DB, but failed to display the text when retrieving from the DB.
DB data:
The Draft column is the html
Source code:
Front:
$('#summernote').summernote("code", "{{content}}");
Backend:
template('apps_post_editer', appName='Post New', pid=newPost.id, title=('' if newPost.title is None else str(newPost.title)), content=('' if newPost.draft is None else unicode(str(newPost.draft), "utf-8")))
I thought it was the coding problem at the beginning, so i use unicode to turn the value in utf-8, but does not work. And also failed only str(newPost.draft)
The result:
You can see that the html code is not converted
Question:
Why it happens like that? Is there any solution?
Thanks very much.
Update: sorry it is my first question, don't know why the picture don't display...Please click the link to get more details...
OK...need 10 reputation
When you want to render HTML that comes from the database with bottle, you have to tell the rendering engine that the content is safe to render in order to avoid XSS attacks.
With bootle you can disable escaping for expressions like this:
{{! summernotecontent}}
in your case that would be:
$('#summernote').summernote("code", "{{! content}}");
You can find the documentation on this topic in bottle here
I have a Django View that uses a query parameter to do some content filtering. Something like this:
/page/?filter=one+and+two
/page/?filter=one,or,two
I have noticed that Django converts the + to a space (request.GET.get('filter') returns one and two), and I´m OK with that. I just need to adjust the split() function I use in the View accordingly.
But...
When I try to test this View, and I call:
from django.test import Client
client = Client()
client.get('/page/', {'filter': 'one+and+two'})
request.GET.get('filter') returns one+and+two: with plus signs and no spaces. Why is this?
I would like to think that Client().get() mimics the browser behaviour, so what I would like to understand is why calling client.get('/page/', {'filter': 'one+and+two'}) is not like browsing to /page/?filter=one+and+two. For testing purposes it should be the same in my opinion, and in both cases the view should receive a consistent value for filter: be it with + or with spaces.
What I don´t get is why there are two different behaviours.
The plusses in a query string are the normal and correct encoding for spaces. This is a historical artifact; the form value encoding for URLs differs ever so slightly from encoding other elements in the URL.
Django is responsible for decoding the query string back to key-value pairs; that decoding includes decoding the URL percent encoding, where a + is decoded to a space.
When using the test client, you pass in unencoded data, so you'd use:
client.get('/page/', {'filter': 'one and two'})
This is then encoded to a query string for you, and subsequently decoded again when you try and access the parameters.
This is because the test client (actually, RequestFactory) runs django.utils.http.urlencode on your data, resulting in filter=one%2Band%2Btwo. Similarly, if you were to use {'filter': 'one and two'}, it would be converted to filter=one%20and%20two, and would come into your view with spaces.
If you really absolutely must have the pluses in your query string, I believe it may be possible to manually override the query string with something like: client.get('/page/', QUERY_STRING='filter=one+and+two'), but that just seems unnecessary and ugly in my opinion.
I am trying to use the requests library in Python to push data (a raw value) to a firebase location.
Say, I have urladd (the url of the location with authentication token). At the location, I want to push a string, say International. Based on the answer here, I tried
data = {'.value': 'International'}
p = requests.post(urladd, data = sjson.dumps(data))
I get <Response [400]>. p.text gives me:
u'{\n "error" : "Invalid data; couldn\'t parse JSON object, array, or value. Perhaps you\'re using invalid characters in your key names."\n}\n'
It appears that they key .value is invalid. But that is what the answer linked above suggests. Any idea why this may not be working, or how I can do this through Python? There are no problems with connection or authentication because the following works. However, that pushes an object instead of a raw value.
data = {'name': 'International'}
p = requests.post(urladd, data = sjson.dumps(data))
Thanks for your help.
The answer you've linked is a special case for when you want to assign a priority to a value. In general, '.value' is an invalid name and will throw an error.
If you want to write just "International", you should write the stringified-JSON version of that data. I don't have a python example in front of me, but the curl command would be:
curl -X POST -d "\"International\"" https://...
Andrew's answer above works. In case someone else wants to know how to do this using the requests library in Python, I thought this would be helpful.
import simplejson as sjson
data = sjson.dumps("International")
p = requests.post(urladd, data = data)
For some reason I had thought that the data had to be in a dictionary format before it is converted to stringified JSON version. That is not the case, and a simple string can be used as an input to sjson.dumps().