I have searched online for many answers related to TypeError and scanned through my code multiple times but I can't seem to see what is the 3rd argument I'm missing. I am using Python 2.7 with Simpy 3
My code is as follows:
import simpy
import random
RANDOM_SEED = 42
NUM_SERVERS = 1
MTBF = 10
MTTR = 5
TOTAL_ENGINES = 6
TOTAL_SPARES = 3
TOTAL_IN_USE = TOTAL_ENGINES - TOTAL_SPARES
SIM_TIME = 100
class Working(object):
def __init__ (self, env, num, repair_facility, spares_inventory, downtime):
self.env = env
self.repair_facility = repair_facility
self.spares_inventory = spares_inventory
self.downtime = downtime
self.name = 'Engine %d' % (num + 1)
print('%s at %.2f' % (self.name, self.env.now))
self.env.process(self.run())
def run(self):
yield self.env.timeout(random.expovariate(1.0 / MTBF))
print('%s at %.2f' % (self.name, self.env.now))
downtime_start = self.env.now
spare = yield self.spares_inventory.get()
self.downtime.append(self.env.now - downtime_start)
print('%s at %.2f' % (spare.name, self.env.now))
print('%d' % len(spares_inventory.items))
with self.repair_facility.request() as req:
yield req
print('%s begins repair at %.2f' % (self.name, self.env.now))
yield self.env.timeout(random.expovariate(1.0 / MTTR))
yield self.spares_inventory.put(self)
print('%s at %.2f' % (self.name, self.env.now))
print('%d' % len(spares_inventory.items))
def main():
env = simpy.Environment()
repair_facility = simpy.Resource(env, capacity = NUM_SERVERS)
spares_inventory = simpy.Container(env, capacity = TOTAL_ENGINES, init = TOTAL_SPARES)
downtime = []
working = [Working(env, i, repair_facility, spares_inventory, downtime) for i in range(TOTAL_IN_USE)]
env.run(SIM_TIME)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
This is the error I keep getting:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 61, in <module>
main()
File "", line 55, in main
env.run(SIM_TIME)
File "", line 120, in run
self.step()
File "", line 213, in step
raise event._value
TypeError: __init__() takes exactly 3 arguments (2 given)
Any help at all is much appreciated, Thanks a lot in advance
You forgot some extra info in your traceback; above your quoted traceback, there's a a few lines that say:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/data/evertr/sw/lib/python2.7/site-packages/simpy/events.py", line 312, in _resume
event = self._generator.send(event._value)
File "simptest.py", line 31, in run
spare = yield self.spares_inventory.get()
TypeError: __init__() takes exactly 3 arguments (2 given)
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
followed by your traceback.
With that, you can see that the self.spares_inventory.get() call is the real culprit. Annoyingly enough, this method is actually a hidden class instantiation (lots of tricky stuff happening behind the scenes in simpy, I've noticed), and that's why you see the __init__() warning.
Basically, you need to supply an amount to self.spares_inventory.get() (there's, for better or worse, no convenient default of 1).
So changing that to
spare = yield self.spares_inventory.get(1)
may solve your problem.
(You'll run into other errors after that though; you'll find out. Those new errors follow the same structure: a traceback, followed by the line The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception, followed by another (less relevant) traceback).
Related
There is code here that I am trying to convert from Python2 to Python3. In this section of code, data is received from a socket. data is declared to be an empty string and then concatenated. This is an important Python2 to 3 distinction. In Python3, the 'received' variable is of type Bytes and thus needs to be converted to string first via the use of str(). However, str() needs an encoding parameter. What would the default one be for python 2? I've tried several different encodings (latin-1 and such) but they seem to not match up with a magic value that is defined here after being unpacked here
"\xffSMB seems to decode correctly while "\xfeSMB does not.
I have adjusted the non_polling_read function and the NetBIOSSessionPacket class as follows. Full modified source code available on GitHub.
def non_polling_read(self, read_length, timeout):
data = b''
bytes_left = read_length
while bytes_left > 0:
try:
ready, _, _ = select.select([self._sock.fileno()], [], [], timeout)
if not ready:
raise NetBIOSTimeout
received = self._sock.recv(bytes_left)
if len(received) == 0:
raise NetBIOSError('Error while reading from remote', ERRCLASS_OS, None)
data = data + received
bytes_left = read_length - len(data)
except select.error as ex:
if ex[0] != errno.EINTR and ex[0] != errno.EAGAIN:
raise NetBIOSError('Error occurs while reading from remote', ERRCLASS_OS, ex[0])
return data
class NetBIOSSessionPacket:
def __init__(self, data=0):
self.type = 0x0
self.flags = 0x0
self.length = 0x0
if data == 0:
self._trailer = ''
else:
try:
self.type = data[0]
if self.type == NETBIOS_SESSION_MESSAGE:
self.length = data[1] << 16 | (unpack('!H', data[2:4])[0])
else:
self.flags = data[1]
self.length = unpack('!H', data[2:4])[0]
self._trailer = data[4:]
except Exception as e:
import traceback
traceback.print_exc()
raise NetBIOSError('Wrong packet format ')
When I start the server and issue 'smbclient -L 127.0.0.1 -d 4' from the commandline, the server first creates a libs.nmb.NetBIOSTCPSession which appears to be working well. Once it tries to unwrap the libs.nmb.NetBIOSSessionPacket, it throws an exception.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/root/PycharmProjects/HoneySMB/libs/smbserver.py", line 3975, in processRequest
packet = smb.NewSMBPacket(data=data)
File "/root/PycharmProjects/HoneySMB/libs/smb.py", line 690, in __init__
Structure.__init__(self, **kargs)
File "/root/PycharmProjects/HoneySMB/libs/structure.py", line 77, in __init__
self.fromString(data)
File "/root/PycharmProjects/HoneySMB/libs/structure.py", line 144, in fromString
self[field[0]] = self.unpack(field[1], data[:size], dataClassOrCode = dataClassOrCode, field = field[0])
File "/root/PycharmProjects/HoneySMB/libs/structure.py", line 288, in unpack
raise Exception("Unpacked data doesn't match constant value %r should be %r" % (data, answer))
Exception: ("Unpacked data doesn't match constant value b'\\xffSMB' should be 'ÿSMB'", 'When unpacking field \'Signature | "ÿSMB | b\'\\xffSMBr\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x18C\\xc8\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\xfe\\xff\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\xb1\\x00\\x02PC NETWORK PROGRAM 1.0\\x00\\x02MICROSOFT NETWORKS 1.03\\x00\\x02MICROSOFT NETWORKS 3.0\\x00\\x02LANMAN1.0\\x00\\x02LM1.2X002\\x00\\x02DOS LANMAN2.1\\x00\\x02LANMAN2.1\\x00\\x02Samba\\x00\\x02NT LANMAN 1.0\\x00\\x02NT LM 0.12\\x00\\x02SMB 2.002\\x00\\x02SMB 2.???\\x00\'[:4]\'')
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/root/PycharmProjects/HoneySMB/libs/smbserver.py", line 3597, in handle
resp = self.__SMB.processRequest(self.__connId, p.get_trailer())
File "/root/PycharmProjects/HoneySMB/libs/smbserver.py", line 3979, in processRequest
packet = smb2.SMB2Packet(data=data)
File "/root/PycharmProjects/HoneySMB/libs/smb3structs.py", line 435, in __init__
Structure.__init__(self,data)
File "/root/PycharmProjects/HoneySMB/libs/structure.py", line 77, in __init__
self.fromString(data)
File "/root/PycharmProjects/HoneySMB/libs/structure.py", line 144, in fromString
self[field[0]] = self.unpack(field[1], data[:size], dataClassOrCode = dataClassOrCode, field = field[0])
File "/root/PycharmProjects/HoneySMB/libs/structure.py", line 288, in unpack
raise Exception("Unpacked data doesn't match constant value %r should be %r" % (data, answer))
Exception: ("Unpacked data doesn't match constant value b'\\xffSMB' should be 'þSMB'", 'When unpacking field \'ProtocolID | "þSMB | b\'\\xffSMBr\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x18C\\xc8\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\xfe\\xff\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\xb1\\x00\\x02PC NETWORK PROGRAM 1.0\\x00\\x02MICROSOFT NETWORKS 1.03\\x00\\x02MICROSOFT NETWORKS 3.0\\x00\\x02LANMAN1.0\\x00\\x02LM1.2X002\\x00\\x02DOS LANMAN2.1\\x00\\x02LANMAN2.1\\x00\\x02Samba\\x00\\x02NT LANMAN 1.0\\x00\\x02NT LM 0.12\\x00\\x02SMB 2.002\\x00\\x02SMB 2.???\\x00\'[:4]\'')
Now it's obvious why this throws an exception. After all, 0xFF does NOT equal ÿ or þ. The question is why is 0xFF the value it tries to write in there in the first place when it should be two different values?
The original python 2 code seems to be quite close to C (using unpack and importing cstring). Is there an obvious benefit to this here or could this be done more simply?
My actual question is:
In the original code, there is no reference to any encoding anywhere. So how is this divined then? Where does it translate 0xFF to ÿ?
I'm trying to call a method from a class that is in a different file. This is how my code looks:
main.py
###Imports
import funct as f
import schedule
import time
###More Imports
###Grabbing GPS data from user and assigning values
bboxsize = f.find(userLat, userLng, userRad)
if __name__ == '__main__':
r = f.find.radar(bboxsize) ### <---- Line 14
schedule.every(5).seconds.do(r)
while True:
schedule.run_pending()
time.sleep(1)
funct.py
###Imports
class find:
def __init__(self, userLat, userLng, userRad):
self.userLat = userLat
self.userLng = userLng
self.userRad = userRad
def bboxFormula(self):
### Lots of code that is not important to this
return bboxsize
def radar(self, bboxsize):
api = OpenSkyApi(username='###', password='###')
states = api.get_states(bbox=bboxsize)
print(f"vvvvvv| {time.ctime(time.time())} |vvvvvv")
print("------------------------------------------")
for s in states.states:
print("Callsign: %r, Latitude: %r, Longitude: %r, Altitude (meters): %r, Velocity %r)" % (s.callsign, s.latitude, s.longitude, s.geo_altitude, s.velocity))
print("------------------------------------------")
When running this I get:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/##/##/##/##/main.py", line 14, in <module>
r = f.find.radar(bboxsize)
TypeError: find.radar() missing 1 required positional argument: 'bboxsize'
I can run all of this in one file without classes, so I know it works. I have been messing with this for a while getting all sorts of errors with every change I make.
Is there something that I'm missing or is there no way for me to do this with the Schedule Module?
I’m just guessing here, but I think you had different code when it was all one file.
Now with two files I think you meant to write this:
find = f.find(userLat, userLng, userRad)
boxsize = find.bboxFormula()
if __name__ == '__main__':
r = lambda :find.radar(bboxsize) ### <---- Line 14
schedule.every(5).seconds.do(r)
while True:
schedule.run_pending()
time.sleep(1)
I am trying to run a function every 2 minutes, and I use apscheduler for this. However, when I run this I get the following error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "main_forecast.py", line 7, in <module>
scheduler.add_job(get_warnings(), 'interval', seconds = 120)
File "/home/anastasispap/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/apscheduler/schedulers/base.py", line 434, in add_job
job = Job(self, **job_kwargs)
File "/home/anastasispap/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/apscheduler/job.py", line 49, in __init__
self._modify(id=id or uuid4().hex, **kwargs)
File "/home/anastasispap/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/apscheduler/job.py", line 170, in _modify
raise TypeError('func must be a callable or a textual reference to one')
TypeError: func must be a callable or a textual reference to one
And here's the code:
from apscheduler.schedulers.background import BackgroundScheduler
from enemies_info import get_warnings
import time
scheduler = BackgroundScheduler()
scheduler.add_job(get_warnings(), 'interval', seconds = 120)
scheduler.start()
while True:
time.sleep(120)
The function I want to run every 2 minutes is get_warnings.
def get_warnings():
print('get_warning has been run')
names = []
types = []
number_of_threats = 0
forecast_weather()
for i in range(0, number_of_enemies):
enemies = info["enemies"][i]
name = enemies["name"]
type = enemies["type"]
temperature = enemies["temperature"]
temperature = temperature.split("-")
min_temp = temperature[0]
max_temp = temperature[1]
for i in range(len(temperatures)):
if avg_temps[i] <= str(max_temp):
names.append(name)
types.append(type)
number_of_threats += 1
break
os.chdir('..')
write_data(number_of_threats, names, types)
move_to_github()
You are calling the function get_warnings, instead of providing it as a callable. Try:
scheduler.add_job(get_warnings, 'interval', seconds = 120)
Trying to create a python script to do a periodic check on a service. If it is not running, it will auto-start it. Here is the code:
import win32serviceutil
from sched import scheduler
from time import time, sleep
s = scheduler(time, sleep)
def run_periodically(start, end, interval, func):
event_time = start
while event_time < end:
s.enterabs(event_time, 0, func, ())
event_time += interval
s.run()
if __name__ == '__main__':
machine = 'George'
service = 'Hamachi2Svc'
action = 'start'
def service_info(action, machine, service):
if win32serviceutil.QueryServiceStatus(service, machine)[1] == 4:
print "%s is currently running" % service
else:
print "%s is *not* running" % service
print "%s is starting..." % service
win32serviceutil.StartService(service, machine)
print '%s started successfully' % service
run_periodically(time()+5, time()+10, 1, service_info(action, machine, service))
Here is the error produced:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\pythonwin\pywin\framework\scriptutils.py", line 323, in RunScript
debugger.run(codeObject, __main__.__dict__, start_stepping=0)
File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\pythonwin\pywin\debugger\__init__.py", line 60, in run
_GetCurrentDebugger().run(cmd, globals,locals, start_stepping)
File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\pythonwin\pywin\debugger\debugger.py", line 655, in run
exec cmd in globals, locals
File "C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\HamachiDestroyerV.01.py", line 1, in <module>
import win32serviceutil
File "C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\HamachiDestroyerV.01.py", line 13, in run_periodically
s.run()
File "C:\Python27\lib\sched.py", line 117, in run
action(*argument)
TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not callable
I was wondering if anyone could lend their expertise and inform me what I'm doing wrong. I'm still a beginner in python, but this isn't the first program I have made.
You register the return value of service_info(); that function returns None.
If you wanted service_info() to be called by the scheduler instead, you'll need to register the reference to the function itself, together with a tuple of arguments:
run_periodically(time()+5, time()+10, 1, service_info, (action, machine, service))
and adjust run_periodically() to accept the arguments and pass that on to the scheduler.enterabs() method:
def run_periodically(start, end, interval, func, args=()):
event_time = start
while event_time < end:
s.enterabs(event_time, 0, func, args)
event_time += interval
s.run()
I have following code
import sys
from ctypes import *
from ctypes.util import find_library
libc = cdll.LoadLibrary(find_library("c"))
CTL_KERN = 1
KERN_SHMMAX = 34
sysctl_names = {
'memory_shared_buffers' : (CTL_KERN, KERN_SHMMAX),
}
def posix_sysctl_long(name):
_mem = c_uint64(0)
_arr = c_int * 2
_name = _arr()
_name[0] = c_int(sysctl_names[name][0])
_name[1] = c_int(sysctl_names[name][1])
result = libc.sysctl(_name, byref(_mem), c_size_t(sizeof(_mem)), None, c_size_t(0))
if result != 0:
raise Exception('sysctl returned with error %s' % result)
return _mem.value
print posix_sysctl_long('memory_shared_buffers')
which produces following result:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test.py", line 23, in <module>
print posix_sysctl_long('memory_shared_buffers')
File "test.py", line 20, in posix_sysctl_long
raise Exception('sysctl returned with error %s' % result)
Exception: sysctl returned with error -1
I gues I did something wrong. What would be the correct calling convention? How would I find out what exactly went wrong?
You are not providing the correct values to the sysctl function. Detailed information on the arguments of sysctl() can be found here.
Here are your errors:
You have forgotten the nlen argument (second argument)
The oldlenp argument is a pointer to the size, not directly the size
Here is the correct function (with minor improvement):
def posix_sysctl_long(name):
_mem = c_uint64(0)
_def = sysctl_names[name]
_arr = c_int * len(_def)
_name = _arr()
for i, v in enumerate(_def):
_name[i] = c_int(v)
_sz = c_size_t(sizeof(_mem))
result = libc.sysctl(_name, len(_def), byref(_mem), byref(_sz), None, c_size_t(0))
if result != 0:
raise Exception('sysctl returned with error %s' % result)
return _mem.value