I'm writing a tkinter program, and I'm trying to update my label on the ui. However I can't get it to work. Here's the code:
from tkinter import *
import random, functools, string
root = Tk()
word_list = ["APPLE", "PEAR", "BANNANA"]
word = word_list [random.randint(0,2)]
hidden_word = ["_ "] * len(word)
print (word)
abc = ['_ '] * len(word)
guessed_letters = []
#Functions
def click_1 (key):
if key in word:
guessed_letters = ''.join([key])
global abc
abc = ''.join([key if key in guessed_letters else "_" for key in word])
else:
print ("Nope") ####TESTING#####
#Frames
hangman_frame = Frame(root)
hangman_frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=N)
letter_frame = Frame(root)
letter_frame.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=S)
#Label
letters_label = Label(hangman_frame, textvariable=abc)
letters_label.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
(Just an excerpt, not all)
My question is that when ran, this section appears not to work:
letters_label = Label(hangman_frame, textvariable=abc)
where:
abc = ['_ '] * len(word)
guessed_letters = []
#Functions
def click_1 (key):
if key in word:
guessed_letters = ''.join([key])
global abc
abc = ''.join([key if key in guessed_letters else "_" for key in word])
And nothing shows up, whereas when this is put:
letters_label = Label(hangman_frame, text=abc)
The label shows up, but does not update when the function click_1 is called.
Any reason to this? Thanks in advance.
The reason is that the textvariable option requires an instance of StringVar or IntVar. You can't just pass it the name of a normal variable.
Generally speaking, you never need to use the textvariable option unless you specifically need the features of a StringVar or IntVar (such as having two widgets share the same data, or doing traces on the variable). I know lots of examples use it, but it just adds another object that you don't really need.
In order to update the text on a label, you would do this:
letters_label = Label(..., text="initial value")
...
def click_1(...):
...
abc = ...
letters_label.configure(text=abc)
Related
The following code searches a text file for a name and displays the related number in a tkinter entry box in Python.
so original text file includes:
bob 19
dan 20
shayne 17
I would like add another nested loop so that if there are two names the same then two numbers are returned to the entry box. Sorry, I am new to Python, have tried but always come up with an error.
bob 18
bob 19
dan 20
shayne 17
#https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lR90cp1wQ1I
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox
race = []
def displayInfo(race, name):
found = False
pos = 0
while pos < len(race) and not found:
if race[pos][0] == name:
found = True
pos+=1
if found:
return race[pos-1][1]
else:
messagebox.showerror(message = "Invalid input, please try again.")
def clickArea():
fin.set(displayInfo(race, name.get()))
def createlist():
raceFile = open ("C:/python/files/number_list.txt", 'r')
for line in raceFile:
racer = line.split()
race.append(racer)
raceFile.close()
return race
root = Tk()
root.title("Read From text File/List GUI")
Label(root, text="Name").grid(row=0, column=0)
name = StringVar()
Entry(root, textvariable=name).grid(row=0, column =1)
Label(root, text="Finish Time").grid(row=2, column=0)
fin=IntVar()
Label(root, textvariable=fin).grid(row=2, column=1)
button = Button(root, text="Finish Time", command=clickArea)
button.grid(row=3, column=0, columnspan=2)
createlist()
print(race)
your question is not related to tkinter, so I made the code without it.
It works like this: you enter the name you're looking for, then it looks for matches using the count method. If there is a match, then the index is written to the 'B' array. Further, since there is a space between the name and number, we take the space index + 1 and start outputting the string from this position to the end.
name = input('who do you want to find: ') + " "
with open("number_list.txt", "r") as file:
A = file.readlines()
#remove program entry '\n'
for i in range(len(A)):
A[i] = A[i].strip()
#getting matching names
B = [] #the court records the names we need
for i in A:
if i.count(name): #truth check
#this notation is equivalent to the notationsi: if i.count(name) == 1:
B.append(i)
print('the following numbers match:')
for i in B:
index_space = i.index(' ') + 1
print(i[index_space:])
If you want to get all the values for a name, you need to go through all the items in race:
def displayInfo(race, name):
# go through the race list and return values for given name
found = [x[1] for x in race if x[0] == name]
if found:
# return the values separated by comma
return ", ".join(found)
# no item found for the given name
return "not found"
I'm trying to make my own spin on Hangman. A basic part of Hangman is that the user guesses a letter and if it is there, it appears in the entry box else it gets added to a list of incorrect guesses.
What I want to do now is assign a letter to each read-only entry box based on the random word generated. However, I also don't want the user to know what letter is assigned to it (obviously).
def press(num):
string1 = " "
string1+=str(num)
appears.set(string1)
appears = StringVar()
entrybox = Entry(hangman,state= 'readonly',textvariable = appears)
entrybox.place(x = 0, y = 0)
q = Button(hangman, text = 'Q', width = 4, command = lambda : press('Q'))
q.place(x = 200, y = 440)
This is what i've managed to do so far
You can use a dictionary to store a mapping from letters to StringVars. Then, look up the guessed letter and replace the text from a placeholder to the letter.
word = "tiger" # just an example
let2svar = {}
for let in word:
svar = StringVar()
svar.set("_")
entrybox = Entry(hangman, state='readonly', textvariable=svar)
entrybox.place(x=0, y=0)
if let not in let2svar:
let2svar[let] = []
let2svar[let].append(svar)
# Now when user guesses letter 'guess', check if it is in the word.
if guess in let2svar:
for svar in let2svar[guess]:
svar.set(guess)
You can also check out https://docs.python.org/3/library/collections.html#collections.defaultdict for a cleaner way to handle the dictionary.
im beginner on python and as a practice i want to solve this ( https://www.practicepython.org/exercise/2014/07/05/18-cows-and-bulls.html ) by tkinter
when i run this code and press start button it hangs and no error is shown in pycharm, even when i debug
obviously the bug is in game code
can you help me with this?
from tkinter import *
import random
def entry_box():
global user_guess
start_button.destroy()
user_guess=Entry(win,font='Bradly 12', width=25)
user_guess.insert(END,'0000')
user_guess.place(x=150,y=150)
game()
def game():
global user_guess , result
digit=[]
num =[]
counter = 0
for i in range(4):
digit.append(random.randint(0,9))
while num != digit:
num = list(user_guess.get())
cow = 0
bull = 0
for i in range(4):
if int(num[i]) in digit:
if int(num[i])==digit[i]:
cow += 1
else:
bull += 1
counter += 1
result.set('cow = %d \n bull = %d'%(cow,bull))
result.set('WELL DONE! YOU FOUND IT AFTER %d GUESS ' %counter )
win = Tk()
win.title('Let\'s play')
frame = Frame(win, height=300, width=500, bg='lightblue')
frame.pack()
result = StringVar()
result.set('cow=0\nbull=0')
start_button = Button(win , text='start', font='Broadway 15',command = entry_box)
start_button.place(x=200, y=175)
results = Label(win, textvariable=result, font='Broadway 20',bg='lightblue', fg='darkblue')
results.place(x=200 , y=0)
win.mainloop()
Your code hangs because of multiple reasons:
as #furas mentioned, num != digit will always be False, because you compare list of chars with list of digits;
Even if you fix this, your code will just never exit the loop: you will compare the first list [0,0,0,0] with the random one (num) and unless they are equal, you will get False. Then the code takes the same two lists, and compares them infinitely, with always the same outcome. You can see this easily if you add a print statement in the while loop.
This is one possible solution:
import tkinter as tk
import random
class MainGame(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
tk.Tk.__init__(self)
self.main_frame = tk.Frame(self, height=300, width=500, bg='lightblue')
self.main_frame.pack()
self.result = tk.StringVar()
self.result.set("Cow=0\nBull=0")
self.start_button = tk.Button(self.main_frame, text='start', font='Broadway 15', command=self.entry_box)
self.start_button.place(x=200, y=175)
self.results = tk.Label(self.main_frame, textvariable=self.result, font='Broadway 20', bg='lightblue',
fg='darkblue')
self.results.place(x=200, y=0)
def entry_box(self):
self.start_button.destroy()
self.user_guess = tk.Entry(self.main_frame, font='Bradly 12', width=25)
self.user_guess.insert(tk.END, '0000')
self.user_guess.place(x=150, y=150)
self.start_game()
def start_game(self):
user_input = self.user_guess.get()
num = [int(cypher) for cypher in user_input]
counter = 0
game_playing = True
while game_playing is True:
digit = [random.randint(0, 9) for i in range(4)]
cow, bull = 0, 0
for i in range(4):
if num[i] in digit:
if num[i] == digit[i]:
cow += 1
else:
bull += 1
counter += 1
print("Turn {}: cows = {}\t bulls={}".format(counter, cow, bull))
if cow == 4:
print("digit = {}\t num = {}".format(digit, num))
game_playing = False
if __name__ == "__main__":
game = MainGame()
game.mainloop()
First thing: do not use global imports (from tkinter import *). Instead use import tkinter as tk.
Then let's look at your entry_box: the function as you defined it takes no argument, but then you expect it to delete the start_button: the only reason this works is because the function is defined in the same script, but as soon as you move it to another script for example, it will fail. You did the same with result, which is defined in the main body, but then used in game, and for the win variable used to set the user_guess Entry widget.
The solution for this is to 1) reformat your code to account for these changes, which can work for something this small 2) use global variables, but this is usually considered a bad practice, because as your code grows it becomes a pain to track them down (plus many other reasons) 3) use classes, which is what I did here.
So here is what I did: I create a class, and in the __init__ I put the things I want to have available when the script starts, or that I generally want to use throughout the game: the main frame where I will place the widgets, the results or the start button.
Then the entry_box function: You see that I pass just self: since the start button was defined as self.start_button in the __init__, there is no reason to pass it as an argument, because it is already stored in self as an attribute. Same with the main_frame where I put the Entry widget.
Lastly the game function: here, I make sure that the comparison between num and digit is between int numbers. Then if the comparison fails, I draw another random list of 4 elements for digit and repeat. The results are printed in the terminal.
This is by no means perfect, and you can easily improve it in a few ways:
1) the comparison between the lists can be easily made faster and shorter with numpy;
2) I did not update the results widget. You should be able to do it with what I told you here.
3) I assume you want the user to input the user_guess. You just have to modify a bit this code
Hope it helps!
I've searched through the whole Internet for how to do this, and nothing came to me. There were some similar topics, when programmers asked of how to parse 'int' numbers to the Entry output. But it is much simpler because you just use getters, then insert() - and voila.
I am trying to do the following thing. I print the text written in one line. And for each word I want to count how many times it appeared in the same text.
E.g., I print in my first Entry "one two one two three" - I get "0 0 1 1 0" in the second Entry widget.
Any non-space sequence of characters is considered a word.
from tkinter import *
class DM_3_1:
def __init__(self):
root = Tk()
root.geometry('250x150')
root.title("DiscreteMaths_3_1")
usertext = StringVar()
Label_1 = Label(root, text="Input")
Label_2 = Label(root, text="Output")
inputField = Entry(root, textvariable = usertext)
outputField = Entry(root)
inputField.bind('<Return>', lambda _: printLine())
def printLine():
counter = {}
for word in inputField.get():
counter[word] = counter.get(word, 0) + 1
Ans = print(counter[word] - 1, end=' ')
outputField.insert(0, str(Ans))
Label_1.grid(row = 0)
Label_2.grid(row = 1)
inputField.grid(row = 0, column = 1)
outputField.grid(row = 1, column = 1)
root.mainloop()
DM_3_1()
What I get in the output now: Here is the screenshot
As far as you can see, the application works, but there's 'NoneNoneNone...'(depends on the number of characters, including whitespaces) instead of '0 0 1 1 0'. How do I solve my problem? Where's a logical mistake? I guess, it's about the function, but I don't actually see the mistake.
You have set Ans to be equal to print rather than the value it was supposed to be. Also your for loop was getting every character rather than every word.
Corrected code:
from tkinter import *
class DM_3_1:
def __init__(self):
root = Tk()
root.geometry('250x150')
root.title("DiscreteMaths_3_1")
usertext = StringVar()
Label_1 = Label(root, text="Input")
Label_2 = Label(root, text="Output")
inputField = Entry(root, textvariable = usertext)
outputField = Entry(root)
inputField.bind('<Return>', lambda _: printLine())
def printLine():
counter = {}
words=inputField.get().split()
for word in words:
counter[word] = counter.get(word, 0) + 1
Ans = counter[word] - 1
print(Ans, end=" ")
outputField.insert(END, str(Ans))
Label_1.grid(row = 0)
Label_2.grid(row = 1)
inputField.grid(row = 0, column = 1)
outputField.grid(row = 1, column = 1)
root.mainloop()
DM_3_1()
edit:
As Mike-SMT pointer out its easier to use .split
code edited to use .split
So my solutions to this kind of counter is to track each word and keep a list of all the words. Then keep a list of all the unique words. The count each time a unique word appears in the complete list.
I restructured your code a bit to conform a bit better with standards.
I rewrote your printLine method to keep track of all the words in a string and create a dictionary that contains a list of all the unique words and how many times they show up in the string.
When writing a class you will need to learn to use self. to convert standard variables into class attributes. Class attributes can be accessed from anywhere in the class including methods within the class. Using regular variables will likely cause problems as they are not available to methods after __init__ has completed.
take a look at the below code.
import tkinter as tk
class DM_3_1:
def __init__(self, parent):
self.root = parent
self.root.geometry('250x150')
self.root.title("DiscreteMaths_3_1")
Label_1 = tk.Label(self.root, text="Input")
Label_2 = tk.Label(self.root, text="Output")
Label_1.grid(row=0)
Label_2.grid(row=1)
self.inputField = tk.Entry(self.root)
self.outputField = tk.Entry(self.root)
self.inputField.grid(row=0, column=1)
self.outputField.grid(row=1, column=1)
self.inputField.bind('<Return>', self.printLine)
def printLine(self, Event):
word_list = []
counter = 0
unique_words_in_string = []
total_times_word_appears = {}
for word in self.inputField.get().split():
word_list.append(word)
if word not in unique_words_in_string:
unique_words_in_string.append(word)
for word in unique_words_in_string:
counter = 0
for other_word in word_list:
if word == other_word:
counter += 1
total_times_word_appears[word]=counter
self.outputField.delete(0, "end")
self.outputField.insert("end", total_times_word_appears)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
DM_3_1(root)
root.mainloop()
I'm working on a GUI Python program using Tkinter.
I have a function that is called when a button is pressed (and when the program is loaded). The program is currently unfinished and only checks data validation at this current point. As the default entry is current invalid, it throws an error.
However, after this point, the entry box is disabled and will not let me enter any data. I cannot figure out why this is happening and I was wondering if someone could tell me the reason so I can work on a solution.
Thanks
import sys
import random
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import messagebox
root = Tk()
root.title("COSC110 - Guessing Game")
hint = StringVar()
guesses = []
guess_input = ''
def loadWordList(filename): #Load the words from a file into a list given a filename.
file = open(filename, 'r')
line = file.read().lower()
wordlist = line.split()
return wordlist
word = random.choice(loadWordList('words.txt'))
def getHint(word, guesses): #Get hint function, calculates and returns the current hint.
hint = ' '
for letter in word:
if letter not in guesses:
hint += '_ '
else:
hint += letter
return hint
def guessButton(guess, word, guesses):
guess = str(guess_input)
guess = guess.lower()
if not guess.isalpha():
is_valid = False
elif len(guess) !=1:
is_valid = False
else:
is_valid = True
while is_valid == False:
messagebox.showinfo("Error:","Invalid input. Please enter a letter from a-z.")
break
hint.set(getHint(word, guesses))
return hint
label_instruct = Label(root, text="Please enter your guess: ")
label_instruct.grid(row=1,column=1,padx=5,pady=10)
guess_input = Entry(root,textvariable=guess_input)
guess_input.grid(row=1, column=2)
guess_button = Button(root, text="Guess", width=15, command=guessButton(guess_input,word,guesses))
guess_button.grid(row=1, column=3,padx=15)
current_hint = Label(root, textvariable=hint)
current_hint.grid(column=2,row=2)
label_hint = Label(root, text="Current hint:")
label_hint.grid(column=1,row=2)
label_remaining = Label(root, text="Remaining guesses: ")
label_remaining.grid(column=1,row=3)
root.mainloop() # the window is now displayed
Any tips are appreciated.
There are two apparent problems.
Firstly, you shouldn't use
guess_button = Button(root, text="Guess", width=15, command=guessButton(guess_input,word,guesses))
because you can't call a function with arguments on the command config.
My suggestion would be to take a look here and use one of the proposed methods, I particularly like the one using functools and partial:
from functools import partial
#(...)
button = Tk.Button(master=frame, text='press', command=partial(action, arg))
with action being the function you want to call and arg the parameters you want to call separated by a comma.
Secondly, you are using
guess = str(guess_input)
which doesn't return the Entry typed text, use instead
guess = guess_input.get()
PS: Albeit not directly related to your question, you should use
if var is False:
instead of
if var == False: