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__in filter only returning one value, show query through intermediate table

Noob at coding and need help. I am trying to render the view article by filtering through the model Spots. I have an intermediate table ArticleSpots to link the 2 tables Spots and Articles. In the views article I want to show only the spots that are linked to that specific article. My problem is that Spots.objects.filter(id__in=articleSpots) only shows the first one value and not all of the spots that are linked. What am I doing wrong here?
views.py
def article(request, slug):
articles = get_object_or_404(Articles, slug=slug)
article_id = articles.id
articleSpots = ArticleSpots.objects.filter(article__id=article_id)
spots = Spots.objects.filter(id__in=articleSpots)
context = {"spots": spots, "articles": articles}
template_name = "articletemplate.html"
return render(request, template_name, context)
models.py
class ArticleSpots(models.Model):
article = models.ForeignKey('Articles', models.DO_NOTHING)
spot = models.ForeignKey('Spots', models.DO_NOTHING)
class Meta:
managed = True
db_table = 'article_spots'
verbose_name_plural = 'ArticleSpots'
def __str__(self):
return str(self.article) + ": " + str(self.spot)
class Articles(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=155)
metatitle = models.CharField(max_length=155)
slug = models.SlugField(unique=True, max_length=155)
summary = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
field_created = models.DateTimeField(db_column='_created', blank=True, null=True)
field_updated = models.DateTimeField(db_column='_updated', blank=True, null=True)
cover = models.ImageField(upload_to="cover", blank=True, default='logo-00-06.png')
class Meta:
managed = True
db_table = 'articles'
verbose_name_plural = 'Articles'
def __str__(self):
return str(self.id) + ": " + str(self.title)
class Spots(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=155)
metatitle = models.CharField(max_length=155)
slug = models.SlugField(unique=True, max_length=155)
author = models.ForeignKey(Authors, models.DO_NOTHING)
field_created = models.DateTimeField(db_column='_created', blank=True, null=True)
field_updated = models.DateTimeField(db_column='_updated', blank=True, null=True)
cover = models.ImageField(upload_to="cover", blank=True, default='logo-00-06.png')
summary = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
content1 = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
content2 = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
class Meta:
managed = True
db_table = 'spots'
verbose_name_plural = 'Spots'
def __str__(self):
return str(self.id) + ": " + str(self.title)
html
<!-- START MAIN -->
<main class="page"></main>
<p>
{{ spots.title }} <br />
{{ spots.content1 }} <br />
{{ articles.title }}
</p>
{% for spots in spots %} {{ spots.title}} {% endfor %}
<!-- END MAIN -->

You are currently retrieving Spots that have the same primary key as the ArticleSpots object, but that does not make much sense: it is possible that this is the case, but even if that happens, the returned Spots does not per se is linked to a relevant ArticleSpots with the given article.
You can retrieve the relevant Spots with:
def article(request, slug):
article = get_object_or_404(Articles, slug=slug)
spots = Spots.objects.filter(articlespots__article=article)
context = {'spots': spots, 'article': article}
return render(request, 'articletemplate.html', context)
I would strongly advise to name you Article object article since it is a single Article, not a collection of Articles. spots on the other hand is a collection of spots.
It makes no sense to render {{ spots.content1 }} and {{ spots.title }}, since spots is a collection of Spots that can contain zero, one or more items.
The template thus should look like:
<p>
{{ article.title }}
</p>
{% for spot in spots %} {{ spot.title}} {% endfor %}
Note: normally a Django model is given a singular name, so Articles instead of Article.

How to pass multiple values from models.py to HTML via views.py in Django

I have a following models.py for my Django blog, I made a following views.py to pass the value of the slug for my URL parameter.
However I am struggling to create a model in views to get other data(person & description) from Category class.
I have tried some patterns by myself but can not pass them to HTML. (always Error or not showing)
Can you please give me some idea of how to solve this.
models.py
class Category(models.Model):
person = models.CharField(max_length=20)
description = models.TextField()
slug = models.SlugField()
def __str__(self):
return self.person
views.py
def blog_category(request, category):
posts = Post.objects.filter(categories__slug__contains=category).order_by("-created_on").distinct()
context = {"category": category, "posts": posts}
return render(request, "blog_category.html", context)
HTML(Localhost:8000/slug)
{{ person }}
{{ description }}
this is full code of my models.py
class Category(models.Model):
person = models.CharField(max_length=20)
description = models.TextField()
slug = models.SlugField()
def __str__(self):
return self.person
class Recommender(models.Model):
recommender_name = models.CharField(max_length=20)
slug = models.SlugField()
def __str__(self):
return self.recommender_name
class Post(models.Model):
book_title = models.CharField(max_length=255)
author = models.CharField(max_length=255)
book_link = models.CharField(max_length=255)
recommenders = models.ForeignKey("Recommender", on_delete=models.CASCADE,)
source = models.TextField()
source_link = models.CharField(max_length=255)
created_on = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
last_modified = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
categories = models.ManyToManyField("Category", related_name="posts")
slug = models.SlugField()
def __str__(self):
return self.book_title

posts = Post.objects.filter(categories__slug__contains=category).order_by("-created_on").distinct()
Is going to return a queryset. It can have more than one instance of the model class (since you are using filter). In your context you are sending this queryset as posts to your templates.
So in your HTML you can use something like this. You need to use a for loop since there can be more than one item in posts.
{% for post in posts %}
{% for category in post.categories.all %}
{{ category.person }}
{{ category.description }}
{% endfor %}
{% endfor %}

I would look at this example.
Namely, if you render the template like it is shown in the example, you should be able to do
{{ category.person }} {{ category.description }}

How to display relationship with back reference at django template through User?

I have such models
class Employee(models.Model):
"""Employee information."""
user = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='employee', unique=True)
position = models.CharField("current position in a company", max_length=64, blank=True)
birth_date = models.DateField("date of birth", null=True)
skills = models.ManyToManyField(
Technology, through="Skill", verbose_name="skills", blank=True)
class Technology(models.Model):
"""Technologies."""
name = models.CharField('technology name', max_length=32, unique=True)
class Skill(models.Model):
"""Information about an employee's skills."""
LEVELS = (
('basic', 'Basic'),
('intermediate', 'Intermediate'),
('advanced', 'Advanced'),
('expert', 'Expert'),
)
employee = models.ForeignKey(
Employee, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="employee_skills")
technology = models.ForeignKey(Technology, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
start_date = models.DateField(
verbose_name='Works with since:')
level = models.CharField("level", max_length=64, choices=LEVELS)
And I can't understand why my template code doesn't work
template.html
{{ user.employee.position }}
{{ user.employee.birth_date }}
{{ user.employee.summary }}
{% for i in user.employee.skills.all %}
{{ i.technology.name }}
{{ i.level }}
{% endfor %}
I can't see absolutely nothing. All models possible to see at adminpanel. And else then I using TemplateView such as
class AccountView(TemplateView):
template_name = "profile.html"
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super(AccountView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
context['skills'] =
Skill.objects.filter(employee__user=self.request.user)
return context
then everything works fine.

There is something wrong with the modeling. You should use a OneToOneField between Employee and User. In essence an OneToOneField is a unique ForeignKey. It will however change some logic, such that user.employee will access the related Employee object, not a QuerySet of Employees:
class Employee(models.Model):
# ...
user = models.OneToOneField(
settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,
on_delete=models.CASCADE,
related_name='employee'
)
# ...
In your AccountView, you unified 'skills' with the skills of that employee, indeed:
class AccountView(TemplateView):
template_name = "profile.html"
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super(AccountView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
context.update(
skills=Skill.objects.filter(employee__user=self.request.user).select_related('technology')
)
return context
You might want to use .select_related(..) here to prevent the so-called "N+1 problem" where for each skill, you will make an extra query.
So you can render the skills with:
{% for skill in skills %}
{{ skill.technology.name }}
{{ skill.level }}
{% endfor %}
or you can access is through:
{% for skill in request.user.employee.employee_skills.all %}
{{ skill.technology.name }}
{{ skill.level }}
{% endfor %}
although the above is less safe, since it is possible that a User has no related Employee object.

Your Employee model currently has a one to many relationship with a user
class Employee(models.Model):
"""Employee information."""
user = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='employee', unique=True)
according to your comment you need a one to one relation ship so you need to change this to use a OneToOneField instead of a ForeignKey
Conceptually, this is similar to a ForeignKey with unique=True, but the “reverse” side of the relation will directly return a single object.

Unable to automatically pick foreign key from modelform

I am working on a product app on Python 2.7 / Django 1.7.
I have a model for product namely 'product_profile' and I want to allow my customer (end user) to ask any thing regarding specific products using a form.
However I am unable to allow user to automatically select the product (foreign key) and the customer has to select from a drop-down which quite irrational. I have also assigned the foreign key in url-variable.
here is my code:
MODEL.PY
class ProductProfile(models.Model):
category = models.ForeignKey(Category)
brand = models.ForeignKey(Brand)
product_name = models.CharField(max_length=128)
model_name = models.CharField(max_length=128)
generation = models.CharField(max_length=128)
processor = models.CharField(max_length=128)
ram = models.DecimalField(max_digits=2, decimal_places=0)
hdd = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2)
optical_drive = models.CharField(max_length=128)
display = models.CharField(max_length=128)
card_reader = models.CharField(max_length=128)
blue_tooth = models.CharField(max_length=128)
web_cam = models.CharField(max_length=128)
warranty = models.CharField(max_length=128)
price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=9, decimal_places=2)
condition = models.TextField()
product_image = models.ImageField(upload_to=update_Product_image_filename)
post_date = models.DateTimeField(db_index=True, auto_now_add=True)
# Override th __unicode__() method to return out something meaningful!
def __unicode__(self):
return self.product_name
class Customer_ps_contact(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=128)
email = models.EmailField(max_length=75)
subject = models.CharField(max_length=128 )
product = models.ForeignKey(ProductProfile)
message = models.TextField()
phone_regex = RegexValidator(regex=r'^\+?1?\d{9,15}$', message="Phone number must be entered in the format:
'+999999999'. Up to 15 digits allowed.")
phone_number = models.CharField(validators=[phone_regex], blank=True, max_length=15) # validators should be a
list
def __unicode__(self):
return self.name
FORM.PY
class Customer_ps_contactForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Customer_ps_contact
product = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=ProductProfile.objects.all(),
widget=forms.HiddenInput())
fields = ('name','email', 'product','subject','message', 'phone_number')
VIEWS.PY
def product_inquiry(request, product_id):
product = ProductProfile.objects.get(pk=product_id)
if request.method == 'POST':
#form = Customer_ps_contactForm(request.POST, initial = {'product': product})
#form = Customer_ps_contactForm(initial = {'product': product.id})
form = Customer_ps_contactForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
form_data_dict = form.cleaned_data
print form_data_dict['product']
mail_customer_enquriy(form_data_dict) # Function to send email to admin
thank_u_customer(form_data_dict) # Function to send email to customers
form = form.save(commit=False)
form.product = product
form.save()
return home(request)
else:
print ("form is not valid")
print (form.errors)
else:
form = Customer_ps_contactForm()
context_dict = {'form':form, 'product': product}
return render(request, 'product/product_inquiry2.html',context_dict)
URL Patterns
urlpatterns = patterns('',
url(r'^inquiry/(?P<product_id>\d+)/$', views.product_inquiry, name='price'), # Only relevent url given
)
Template : product_inquiry2.html
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% load crispy_forms_tags %}
{% block body_block %}
{% block title %}Product Inquiry{% endblock %}
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-10 col-md-offset-1">
<h2 style="font-weight:bold">Enquiry regarding '{{product.product_name}}'</h2>
<hr>
<form id="contact_form" method="post" action=""/>
{% csrf_token %}
{{ form | crispy }}
<input class="btn btn-primary pull-right " type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit the Message" />
</form>
</div>
</div>
{% endblock %}
What should I do?

You know what the product is from the id in the url, so there's no need to include it in your form.
To check that the product exists in the database, you can use the get_object_or_404 shortcut.
def product_inquiry(request, product_id):
product = get_object_or_404(ProductProfile, pk=product_id)
Then leave out 'product' from your list of fields, and remove the ModelChoiceField with hidden input widget.
class Customer_ps_contactForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Customer_ps_contact
fields = ('name','email','subject','message','phone_number')
You are already setting the product when you save it, but it would be clearer to use the variable name instance to make it clearer what's going on. If you change your mail_customer_enquriy and thank_u_customer methods to use the instance instead of cleaned_data, then you won't have to do anything with form.cleaned_data.
if form.is_valid():
instance = form.save(commit=False)
instance.product = product
instance.save()
mail_customer_enquriy(instance) # Function to send email to admin
thank_u_customer(instance) # Function to send email to customers
return home(request)

Django template sort by 'unrelated' model's field

I'm trying to sort related items in a template by a field in a model three ForeignKey relationships away. I'm assembling the data for the template in the view as proposed in another StackOverflow answer:
Sorting related items in a Django template
As far as I can tell, I copied the code from this as-is except for I had to change variable names. It doesn't throw an error, it just displays no list items in the HTML unordered list.
# checkout.html
{% for item in cart_items %}
<tr>
<td class="left">
{{ item.name }}
<ul>
{% for part in part_list %}
<li>{{ part.name }}
{% endfor %}
</ul></td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
And the view...
# views.py
def checkout(request):
cart_items = get_cart_items(request)
itemCollection = []
for item in cart_items:
item.part_list = item.product.buildpart.all().order_by('product__family__type')
itemCollection.append(item)
return render(request, 'checkout.html', locals())
And the get_cart_items function:
# cart.py
def get_cart_items(request):
""" return all items from the current user's cart """
return CartItem.objects.filter(cart_id=get_cart_id(request))
As I said, the template and view are pretty much copies of the solution presented in the aforementioned StackOverflow article. One thing I thought was curious was that itemCollection[] from the view is never referenced in the template.
I believe the order_by clause ('product__family__type') is right only because it doesn't generate an error. But in case that is the problem or a part of it here is the chain of models I am attempting to navigate in that order_by clause:
We start from the shopping cart model (CartItem):
class Item(models.Model):
cart_id = models.CharField(max_length=50)
quantity = models.IntegerField(default=1)
product = models.ForeignKey(PartModel, unique=False)
class Meta:
abstract = True
class CartItem(Item):
date_added = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
class Meta:
ordering = ['date_added']
verbose_name = "Cart Item"
Through the 'product' field we get to the model holding our inventory and its self-referential BuildPart ManyToMany model:
class PartModel(models.Model):
family = models.ForeignKey(PartFamily)
name = models.CharField("Model Name", max_length=50, unique=True)
buildpart = models.ManyToManyField('self', through='BuildPart',
symmetrical=False, related_name='+')
class Build(models.Model):
build = models.ForeignKey(PartModel, related_name='+')
part = models.ForeignKey(PartModel, related_name='+')
quantity = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(default=1)
class Meta:
abstract = True
unique_together = ('build', 'part')
def __unicode__(self):
return self.build.name + ' with ' + str(self.quantity) + ' * ' + \
self.part.family.make.name + ' ' + self.part.name
class BuildPart(Build):
pass
class Meta:
verbose_name = "Build Part"
From there we follow the 'family' field to the PartFamily model:
class PartFamily(models.Model):
make = models.ForeignKey(PartMake)
type = models.ForeignKey(PartType)
name = models.CharField("Family Name", max_length=30,
unique=True)
slug = models.SlugField(unique=True)
And lastly, we get to the model with the 'order' field, the one we wish to sort the related items by, PartType:
class PartType(models.Model):
name = models.CharField("Part Type", max_length=30, unique=True)
slug = models.SlugField(unique=True)
order = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField()
description = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
To recap, how do I get the shopping cart products' related items, and sort them by the 'order' field in the PartType model?

You have two errors, both in the template.
Firstly, you've put your items with the sorted relationship in a list called itemCollection, but in the template you're iterating over cart_item instead. This is a very good example of why you should be explicit about what variables you pass to the template, rather than relying on locals().
Secondly, you then iterate over part_list without defining it. You mean item.part_list.