New to python here.
I would like to create a script that will scan my directory and if the filename contains a certain string in it, then it will automatically move to a folder of my choice.
Have tried this, but to no luck:
import os
import shutil
import fnmatch
import glob
ffe_path = 'E:/FFE'
new_path = 'E:/FFE/Membership/letters'
keyword = 'membership'
os.chdir('E:/FFE/Membership')
os.mkdir('letters')
source_dir = 'E:/FFE'
dest_dir = 'E:/FFE/Membership/letters'
os.chdir(source_dir)
for top, dirs, files in os.walk(source_dir):
for filename in files:
if not filename.endswith('.docx'):
continue
file_path = os.path.join(top, filename)
with open(file_path, 'r') as f:
if '*membership' in f.read():
shutil.move(file_path, os.path.join(dest_dir, filename))
Any insight would be greatly appreciated.
A simple function will do the trick:
def copyCertainFiles(source_folder, dest_folder, string_to_match, file_type=None):
# Check all files in source_folder
for filename in os.listdir(source_folder):
# Move the file if the filename contains the string to match
if file_type == None:
if string_to_match in filename:
shutil.move(os.path.join(source_folder, filename), dest_folder)
# Check if the keyword and the file type both match
elif isinstance(file_type, str):
if string_to_match in filename and file_type in filename:
shutil.move(os.path.join(source_folder, filename), dest_folder)
source_folder = full/relative path of source folder
dest_folder = full/relative path of destination folder (will need to be created beforehand)
string_to_match = a string basis which the files will be copied
file_type (optional) = if only a particular file type should be moved.
You can, of course make this function even better, by having arguments for ignoring case, automatically creating a destination folder if it does not exist, copying all files of a particular filetype if no keyword is specified and so on. Furthermore, you can also use regexes to match filetypes, which will be far more flexible.
f.read reads the file. You most likely don't want to see if the string is in a file's contents. I fixed your code to look in the file's name:
import os
import shutil
import fnmatch
import glob
ffe_path = 'E:/FFE'
new_path = 'E:/FFE/Membership/letters'
keyword = 'membership'
os.chdir('E:/FFE/Membership')
os.mkdir('letters')
source_dir = 'E:/FFE'
dest_dir = 'E:/FFE/Membership/letters'
os.chdir(source_dir)
for top, dirs, files in os.walk(source_dir):
for filename in files:
if not filename.endswith('.docx'):
continue
file_path = os.path.join(top, filename)
if '*membership' in filename:
shutil.move(file_path, os.path.join(dest_dir, filename))
I am trying to write out the filepath for files with specific file extensions to a text file. There are some files that have different extensions but the same file name, and I am assuming these are duplicates and only want to retain one entry. Here is what I have for code - it is not writing anything out to the file. What am I missing?
import os
path = r'S:\Photogr\ASC'
file_ext_lst = ['.2dm','.2de','.3dm','.3de','.dgn']
txtfile = r'D:\test\microstation_filenames_paths.txt'
for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(path):
for filename in filenames:
fullPath = os.path.join(dirpath, filename)
name = os.path.splitext(filename)[0]
if filename[-4:] in file_ext_lst:
with open(txtfile,'r+') as f:
for line in f:
if name not in line:
f.write(fullPath +'\n')
f.close()
The following code writes duplicate file names and paths to a text file.
import os
# path = r'S:\Photogr\ASC'
path = 'temp'
file_ext_lst = ['.2dm','.2de','.3dm','.3de','.dgn']
txtfile = r'D:\test\microstation_filenames_paths.txt'
found = dict()
for dirpath, _, filenames in os.walk(path):
for filename in filenames:
fullPath = os.path.join(dirpath, filename)
name,ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
if ext not in file_ext_lst:
continue
if name not in found:
found[name] = fullPath
with open('unique.txt', 'w') as outf:
print >>outf, 'Unique files:'
for name,path in found.iteritems():
print >>outf, '{:<10} {}'.format(name,path)
Disclaimer: I haven't tried creating some sample files and testing the code - if my first two suggestions do not help, I can try and look further!
You can remove f.close() after with open(), Python does that automatically for you.
You can also simplify the with open() block to:
with open(txtfile,'r+') as f:
if name not in f.read():
f.write(fullPath +'\n')
On another note: Opening and writing to your text file could happen a lot, which would be very slow - I would suggest storing your candidates in an array first and writing that to the text file only after the os.walk() part.
I'd like to change the files whose extension are '.test.txt' into '.txt'.
As my codes as below, it cannot work cause invalid syntax happened to the place of 'if'.
Could you please figure out it?
Thank you so much.
import sys
import os
path = "Dir"
for(dirpath,dirnames,files)in os.walk(path):
for filename in files:
filepath = os.path.join(dirpath,filename)
if '.test.txt' in filename:
newfilename = filename.replace('.test.txt','.txt')
os.rename(filename,newfilename)
this should work...
import sys
import os
path = r"Dir"
for dirpath,dirnames,files in os.walk(path):
for filename in files:
filepath = os.path.join(dirpath,filename)
if '.test.txt' in filename:
newfilename = filename.replace('.test.txt','.txt')
newfilepath = os.path.join(dirpath, newfilename)
os.rename(filepath, newfilepath)
you did not define the new file path, in renaming action you have to supply the full file path, os.rename(src_path, dest_path)
I have written a Python Script to find out lines containing a particular script from each of the files within a directory. It works fine if i make this script run in the directory having those files.
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
def searchthis(location, searchterm):
for fname in os.listdir(location):
fullpath = os.path.join(location, fname)
for line in file(fullpath):
if searchterm in line:
print line
searchthis(os.getcwd(), "mystring")
Is there any way I could do this with os.walk and search for recursively in each of the files present in all the directories as well as subdirectories.
You can use a simple iterator like this:
def all_files(dir):
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(os.path.abspath(dir)):
for f in files:
yield os.path.join(root, f)
for example:
for path in all_files(os.getcwd()):
with open(path) as f:
for n, line in enumerate(f, 1):
if term in line:
print path, n
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
def searchthis(location, searchterm):
for dir_path, dirs, file_names in os.walk(location):
for file_name in file_names:
fullpath = os.path.join(dir_path, file_name)
for line in file(fullpath):
if searchterm in line:
print line
searchthis(os.getcwd(), "mystring")
I have a C++/Obj-C background and I am just discovering Python (been writing it for about an hour).
I am writing a script to recursively read the contents of text files in a folder structure.
The problem I have is the code I have written will only work for one folder deep. I can see why in the code (see #hardcoded path), I just don't know how I can move forward with Python since my experience with it is only brand new.
Python Code:
import os
import sys
rootdir = sys.argv[1]
for root, subFolders, files in os.walk(rootdir):
for folder in subFolders:
outfileName = rootdir + "/" + folder + "/py-outfile.txt" # hardcoded path
folderOut = open( outfileName, 'w' )
print "outfileName is " + outfileName
for file in files:
filePath = rootdir + '/' + file
f = open( filePath, 'r' )
toWrite = f.read()
print "Writing '" + toWrite + "' to" + filePath
folderOut.write( toWrite )
f.close()
folderOut.close()
Make sure you understand the three return values of os.walk:
for root, subdirs, files in os.walk(rootdir):
has the following meaning:
root: Current path which is "walked through"
subdirs: Files in root of type directory
files: Files in root (not in subdirs) of type other than directory
And please use os.path.join instead of concatenating with a slash! Your problem is filePath = rootdir + '/' + file - you must concatenate the currently "walked" folder instead of the topmost folder. So that must be filePath = os.path.join(root, file). BTW "file" is a builtin, so you don't normally use it as variable name.
Another problem are your loops, which should be like this, for example:
import os
import sys
walk_dir = sys.argv[1]
print('walk_dir = ' + walk_dir)
# If your current working directory may change during script execution, it's recommended to
# immediately convert program arguments to an absolute path. Then the variable root below will
# be an absolute path as well. Example:
# walk_dir = os.path.abspath(walk_dir)
print('walk_dir (absolute) = ' + os.path.abspath(walk_dir))
for root, subdirs, files in os.walk(walk_dir):
print('--\nroot = ' + root)
list_file_path = os.path.join(root, 'my-directory-list.txt')
print('list_file_path = ' + list_file_path)
with open(list_file_path, 'wb') as list_file:
for subdir in subdirs:
print('\t- subdirectory ' + subdir)
for filename in files:
file_path = os.path.join(root, filename)
print('\t- file %s (full path: %s)' % (filename, file_path))
with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
f_content = f.read()
list_file.write(('The file %s contains:\n' % filename).encode('utf-8'))
list_file.write(f_content)
list_file.write(b'\n')
If you didn't know, the with statement for files is a shorthand:
with open('filename', 'rb') as f:
dosomething()
# is effectively the same as
f = open('filename', 'rb')
try:
dosomething()
finally:
f.close()
If you are using Python 3.5 or above, you can get this done in 1 line.
import glob
# root_dir needs a trailing slash (i.e. /root/dir/)
for filename in glob.iglob(root_dir + '**/*.txt', recursive=True):
print(filename)
As mentioned in the documentation
If recursive is true, the pattern '**' will match any files and zero or more directories and subdirectories.
If you want every file, you can use
import glob
for filename in glob.iglob(root_dir + '**/**', recursive=True):
print(filename)
Agree with Dave Webb, os.walk will yield an item for each directory in the tree. Fact is, you just don't have to care about subFolders.
Code like this should work:
import os
import sys
rootdir = sys.argv[1]
for folder, subs, files in os.walk(rootdir):
with open(os.path.join(folder, 'python-outfile.txt'), 'w') as dest:
for filename in files:
with open(os.path.join(folder, filename), 'r') as src:
dest.write(src.read())
TL;DR: This is the equivalent to find -type f to go over all files in all folders below and including the current one:
for currentpath, folders, files in os.walk('.'):
for file in files:
print(os.path.join(currentpath, file))
As already mentioned in other answers, os.walk() is the answer, but it could be explained better. It's quite simple! Let's walk through this tree:
docs/
└── doc1.odt
pics/
todo.txt
With this code:
for currentpath, folders, files in os.walk('.'):
print(currentpath)
The currentpath is the current folder it is looking at. This will output:
.
./docs
./pics
So it loops three times, because there are three folders: the current one, docs, and pics. In every loop, it fills the variables folders and files with all folders and files. Let's show them:
for currentpath, folders, files in os.walk('.'):
print(currentpath, folders, files)
This shows us:
# currentpath folders files
. ['pics', 'docs'] ['todo.txt']
./pics [] []
./docs [] ['doc1.odt']
So in the first line, we see that we are in folder ., that it contains two folders namely pics and docs, and that there is one file, namely todo.txt. You don't have to do anything to recurse into those folders, because as you see, it recurses automatically and just gives you the files in any subfolders. And any subfolders of that (though we don't have those in the example).
If you just want to loop through all files, the equivalent of find -type f, you can do this:
for currentpath, folders, files in os.walk('.'):
for file in files:
print(os.path.join(currentpath, file))
This outputs:
./todo.txt
./docs/doc1.odt
The pathlib library is really great for working with files. You can do a recursive glob on a Path object like so.
from pathlib import Path
for elem in Path('/path/to/my/files').rglob('*.*'):
print(elem)
import glob
import os
root_dir = <root_dir_here>
for filename in glob.iglob(root_dir + '**/**', recursive=True):
if os.path.isfile(filename):
with open(filename,'r') as file:
print(file.read())
**/** is used to get all files recursively including directory.
if os.path.isfile(filename) is used to check if filename variable is file or directory, if it is file then we can read that file.
Here I am printing file.
If you want a flat list of all paths under a given dir (like find . in the shell):
files = [
os.path.join(parent, name)
for (parent, subdirs, files) in os.walk(YOUR_DIRECTORY)
for name in files + subdirs
]
To only include full paths to files under the base dir, leave out + subdirs.
I've found the following to be the easiest
from glob import glob
import os
files = [f for f in glob('rootdir/**', recursive=True) if os.path.isfile(f)]
Using glob('some/path/**', recursive=True) gets all files, but also includes directory names. Adding the if os.path.isfile(f) condition filters this list to existing files only
For my taste os.walk() is a little too complicated and verbose. You can do the accepted answer cleaner by:
all_files = [str(f) for f in pathlib.Path(dir_path).glob("**/*") if f.is_file()]
with open(outfile, 'wb') as fout:
for f in all_files:
with open(f, 'rb') as fin:
fout.write(fin.read())
fout.write(b'\n')
use os.path.join() to construct your paths - It's neater:
import os
import sys
rootdir = sys.argv[1]
for root, subFolders, files in os.walk(rootdir):
for folder in subFolders:
outfileName = os.path.join(root,folder,"py-outfile.txt")
folderOut = open( outfileName, 'w' )
print "outfileName is " + outfileName
for file in files:
filePath = os.path.join(root,file)
toWrite = open( filePath).read()
print "Writing '" + toWrite + "' to" + filePath
folderOut.write( toWrite )
folderOut.close()
os.walk does recursive walk by default. For each dir, starting from root it yields a 3-tuple (dirpath, dirnames, filenames)
from os import walk
from os.path import splitext, join
def select_files(root, files):
"""
simple logic here to filter out interesting files
.py files in this example
"""
selected_files = []
for file in files:
#do concatenation here to get full path
full_path = join(root, file)
ext = splitext(file)[1]
if ext == ".py":
selected_files.append(full_path)
return selected_files
def build_recursive_dir_tree(path):
"""
path - where to begin folder scan
"""
selected_files = []
for root, dirs, files in walk(path):
selected_files += select_files(root, files)
return selected_files
I think the problem is that you're not processing the output of os.walk correctly.
Firstly, change:
filePath = rootdir + '/' + file
to:
filePath = root + '/' + file
rootdir is your fixed starting directory; root is a directory returned by os.walk.
Secondly, you don't need to indent your file processing loop, as it makes no sense to run this for each subdirectory. You'll get root set to each subdirectory. You don't need to process the subdirectories by hand unless you want to do something with the directories themselves.
Try this:
import os
import sys
for root, subdirs, files in os.walk(path):
for file in os.listdir(root):
filePath = os.path.join(root, file)
if os.path.isdir(filePath):
pass
else:
f = open (filePath, 'r')
# Do Stuff
If you prefer an (almost) Oneliner:
from pathlib import Path
lookuppath = '.' #use your path
filelist = [str(item) for item in Path(lookuppath).glob("**/*") if Path(item).is_file()]
In this case you will get a list with just the paths of all files located recursively under lookuppath.
Without str() you will get PosixPath() added to each path.
This worked for me:
import glob
root_dir = "C:\\Users\\Scott\\" # Don't forget trailing (last) slashes
for filename in glob.iglob(root_dir + '**/*.jpg', recursive=True):
print(filename)
# do stuff
If just the file names are not enough, it's easy to implement a Depth-first search on top of os.scandir():
stack = ['.']
files = []
total_size = 0
while stack:
dirname = stack.pop()
with os.scandir(dirname) as it:
for e in it:
if e.is_dir():
stack.append(e.path)
else:
size = e.stat().st_size
files.append((e.path, size))
total_size += size
The docs have this to say:
The scandir() function returns directory entries along with file attribute information, giving better performance for many common use cases.