I have database on Mysql and in project I use pony orm in Flask. I need to get row from database with index 1.
Here I have routes for routing in app
routes.py
from app import app
from pony.orm import *
from app.models import Area
#app.route("/")
#app.route("/user/")
#db_session
def user():
c = Area[1]
return c
Here I have models for my database
models.py
from pony.orm import *
import config
db = Database()
class Country(db.Entity):
id = PrimaryKey(int,auto=True)
name = Required(str,100)
area = Set("Area")
class Area(db.Entity):
id = PrimaryKey(int, auto=True)
name = Required(str, 100)
country = Required(Country)
When I open in browser address localhost:8888/ I get next error
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1836, in __call__
return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)
File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1820, in wsgi_app
response = self.make_response(self.handle_exception(e))
File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1403, in handle_exception
reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\flask\_compat.py", line 33, in reraise
raise value
File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1817, in wsgi_app
response = self.full_dispatch_request()
File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1478, in full_dispatch_request
response = self.make_response(rv)
File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1577, in make_response
rv = self.response_class.force_type(rv, request.environ)
File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\werkzeug\wrappers.py", line 841, in force_type
response = BaseResponse(*_run_wsgi_app(response, environ))
File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\werkzeug\wrappers.py", line 57, in _run_wsgi_app
return _run_wsgi_app(*args)
File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\werkzeug\test.py", line 867, in run_wsgi_app
app_iter = app(environ, start_response)
TypeError: 'Area' object is not callable
When I made error?
I'm stupid! Here solution:
def user():
c = Area[1]
name = c.name
return name
Related
I am trying to fetch data from form in Flask:
app.py
#app.route('/newProjectCreation/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def newProjectCreation():
try:
if request.method == 'POST':
# Data Fetch from Models Form
name = request.form['modelName']
modelDescription = request.form['modelDescription']
inputType = request.form.getlist['inputType[]']
outputType = request.form.getlist['outputType[]']
model = request.files['model']
modelLanguage = request.form['modelLanguage']
HTML
It is a simple form (not Flask-WTF form) and the fields "inputType" and "outputType" are supposed to return array as they are dynamically input fields.
Error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/adiagarwal/cad/flaskapp-docker/flaskapp/app.py", line 106, in newProjectCreation
inputType = request.form.getlist['inputType[]']
TypeError: 'method' object is not subscriptable
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/adiagarwal/cad/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2464, in __call__
return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)
File "/home/adiagarwal/cad/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2450, in wsgi_app
response = self.handle_exception(e)
File "/home/adiagarwal/cad/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1867, in handle_exception
reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
File "/home/adiagarwal/cad/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 39, in reraise
raise value
File "/home/adiagarwal/cad/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2447, in wsgi_app
response = self.full_dispatch_request()
File "/home/adiagarwal/cad/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1952, in full_dispatch_request
rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
File "/home/adiagarwal/cad/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1821, in handle_user_exception
reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
File "/home/adiagarwal/cad/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 39, in reraise
raise value
File "/home/adiagarwal/cad/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1950, in full_dispatch_request
rv = self.dispatch_request()
File "/home/adiagarwal/cad/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1936, in dispatch_request
return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
File "/home/adiagarwal/cad/flaskapp-docker/flaskapp/app.py", line 129, in newProjectCreation
return {{e}}
TypeError: unhashable type: 'set'
I don't have prior experience in js and I am learning, if possible please simplify the response.
Thank You in advance.
Ok, I was focused on a big problem, but the problem is so simple that I did not realize it: Replace all [] with (). See below.
If you [] it assumes as dict and you are returting a list or set.
#app.route('/newProjectCreation/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def newProjectCreation():
try:
if request.method == 'POST':
# Data Fetch from Models Form
name = request.form('modelName')
modelDescription = request.form('modelDescription')
inputType = request.form.getlist('inputType[]')
outputType = request.form.getlist('outputType[]')
model = request.files('model')
modelLanguage = request.form('modelLanguage')
I'm currently using an environment variable to hide my API's key. My unit test that is testing the API route is now failing. However, when the key was hard-coded into the main file, the tests passed. Here is my code:
import os
import requests
key = os.environ.get('key')
def test_code(state, API_BASE_URL):
url = f'https://covid-19-testing.github.io/locations/{state.lower()}/complete.json'
res = requests.get(url)
testing_data = res.json()
latsLngs = {}
for obj in testing_data:
if obj["physical_address"]:
for o in obj["physical_address"]:
addy = o["address_1"]
city = o["city"]
phone = obj["phones"][0]["number"]
location = f'{addy} {city}'
location_coordinates = requests.get(API_BASE_URL,
params={'key': key, 'location': location}).json()
lat = location_coordinates["results"][0]["locations"][0]["latLng"]["lat"]
lng = location_coordinates["results"][0]["locations"][0]["latLng"]["lng"]
latsLngs[location] = {'lat': lat, 'lng': lng, 'place': location, 'phone': phone}
return latsLngs
Here is the unit test:
from unittest import TestCase, mock
from models import db, User
from sqlalchemy.exc import InvalidRequestError
class UserViewTestCase(TestCase):
"""Test views for users."""
def setUp(self):
"""Create test client, add sample data."""
db.drop_all()
db.create_all()
self.app = create_app('testing')
self.client = self.app.test_client()
self.testuser = User.signup('test',
'dummy',
'test123',
'dummytest#test.com',
'password',
None,
"Texas",
None,
None)
self.uid = 1111
self.testuser.id = self.uid
db.session.commit()
def test_map_locations(self):
"""Does the map show testing locations?"""
with self.client as c:
resp = c.get('/location?state=California')
html = resp.get_data(as_text=True)
self.assertEqual(resp.status_code, 200)
self.assertIn('San Francisco', html)
I also think it's important to note that the application runs fine in the browser. It's just that the unit tests are not passing anymore.
UPDATE
Here is the full traceback:
ERROR: test_map_locations (test_user_views.UserViewTestCase)
Does the map show testing locations?
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/travis/build/azaria-dedmon/covid-19/tests/test_user_views.py", line 157, in test_map_locations
resp = c.get('/location?state=California')
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python3.7.1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/test.py", line 1006, in get
return self.open(*args, **kw)
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python3.7.1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/testing.py", line 227, in open
follow_redirects=follow_redirects,
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python3.7.1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/test.py", line 970, in open
response = self.run_wsgi_app(environ.copy(), buffered=buffered)
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python3.7.1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/test.py", line 861, in run_wsgi_app
rv = run_wsgi_app(self.application, environ, buffered=buffered)
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python3.7.1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/test.py", line 1096, in run_wsgi_app
app_rv = app(environ, start_response)
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python3.7.1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2464, in __call__
return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python3.7.1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2450, in wsgi_app
response = self.handle_exception(e)
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python3.7.1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1867, in handle_exception
reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python3.7.1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 39, in reraise
raise value
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python3.7.1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2447, in wsgi_app
response = self.full_dispatch_request()
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python3.7.1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1952, in full_dispatch_request
rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python3.7.1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1821, in handle_user_exception
reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python3.7.1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 39, in reraise
raise value
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python3.7.1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1950, in full_dispatch_request
rv = self.dispatch_request()
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python3.7.1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1936, in dispatch_request
return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
File "/home/travis/build/azaria-dedmon/covid-19/app/__init__.py", line 111, in show_state_locations
latsLngs = test_code(state, API_BASE_URL)
File "/home/travis/build/azaria-dedmon/covid-19/app/refactor.py", line 22, in test_code
params={'key': key, 'location': location}).json()
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python3.7.1/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/models.py", line 900, in json
return complexjson.loads(self.text, **kwargs)
File "/opt/python/3.7.1/lib/python3.7/json/__init__.py", line 348, in loads
return _default_decoder.decode(s)
File "/opt/python/3.7.1/lib/python3.7/json/decoder.py", line 337, in decode
obj, end = self.raw_decode(s, idx=_w(s, 0).end())
File "/opt/python/3.7.1/lib/python3.7/json/decoder.py", line 355, in raw_decode
raise JSONDecodeError("Expecting value", s, err.value) from None
json.decoder.JSONDecodeError: Expecting value: line 1 column 1 (char 0)
I think it's most likely that your test framework is loading just the test_code() function from your test file, and not the fact that key is set up in the main body of the code. Perhaps moving your key = os.environ.get("key") into test_code() will solve your issue.
The environment variable needs to be set in the project's repository in travis CI so that all files have access to it. Here is the documentation on how to achieve this https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/environment-variables/#defining-variables-in-repository-settings
Here I am trying to fetch data from cassandra with filter() where I need to fetch students with more than or equal to 65 marks but I am getting this error can't understand why am I getting this error. I am referring this link. I have also referred similar questions on this but didn't get any solution.
Here is my python code:
from flask import *
from flask_cqlalchemy import CQLAlchemy
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['CASSANDRA_HOSTS'] = ['127.0.0.1']
app.config['CASSANDRA_KEYSPACE'] = "emp"
db = CQLAlchemy(app)
class Student(db.Model):
uid = db.columns.Integer(primary_key=True)
marks = db.columns.Integer(primary_key=True)
username = db.columns.Text(required=True)
password = db.columns.Text()
#app.route('/merit')
def show_merit_list():
ob = Student.objects.filter(marks >= 65)
return render_template('merit.html', ml = ob)
And this is the error log I am getting:
Traceback (most recent call last)
File "/home/sudarshan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2463, in
__call__
return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)
File "/home/sudarshan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2449, in
wsgi_app
response = self.handle_exception(e)
File "/home/sudarshan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1866, in
handle_exception
reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
File "/home/sudarshan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 39, in
reraise
raise value
File "/home/sudarshan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2446, in
wsgi_app
response = self.full_dispatch_request()
File "/home/sudarshan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1951, in
full_dispatch_request
rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
File "/home/sudarshan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1820, in
handle_user_exception
reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
File "/home/sudarshan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 39, in
reraise
raise value
File "/home/sudarshan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1949, in
full_dispatch_request
rv = self.dispatch_request()
File "/home/sudarshan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1935, in
dispatch_request
return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
File "/home/sudarshan/Downloads/PycharmProjects/try/try1.py", line 67, in show_merit_list
ob = Student.objects.filter(marks >= 65)
NameError: name 'marks' is not defined
Pass self object to your method, hence allowing it to access marks data member.
Change marks to self.marks.
#app.route('/merit')
def show_merit_list(self):
ob = Student.objects.filter(self.marks >= 65)
return render_template('merit.html', ml = ob)
Well finally I found the answer I was forgetting to use allow_filtering(). The code will look like following:
#app.route('/merit')
def show_merit_list():
ob = Student.objects().filter() #all()
ob = ob.filter(Student.marks >= 65).allow_filtering()
return render_template('merit.html', ml = ob)
You need to use Filtering Operators, try:
ob = Student.objects.filter(marks__gte=65)
In path /getAll I want return a list of JSONs but I get list object is not callable. Why this happens and how I can return my list of Json? Previously myList was list and after read the definition I changed "list" to "myList" but the error persists.
TypeError: 'str' object is not callable
TypeError: 'list' object is not callable
These can occur when attempting to assign a value to variables with these names, or by mutating their values.
Code
from flask import Flask, render_template, Response
import pymongo
from bson.json_util import dumps
app = Flask(__name__)
#app.route('/')
def index():
return render_template('index.html')
#app.route('/getAll', methods=['GET'])
def getAll():
try:
conn = pymongo.MongoClient()
except pymongo.errors.ConnectionFailure, e:
print "Could not connect to MongoDB: %s" % e
db = conn['local']
collection = db.test
myList = []
for d in collection.find():
myList.append(dumps(d))
return myList
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=8080, debug=True)
TrackTrace
127.0.0.1 - - [27/Mar/2016 16:51:44] "GET /getAll HTTP/1.1" 500 -
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1836, in __call__
return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1820, in wsgi_app
response = self.make_response(self.handle_exception(e))
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1403, in handle_exception
reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1817, in wsgi_app
response = self.full_dispatch_request()
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1478, in full_dispatch_request
response = self.make_response(rv)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1577, in make_response
rv = self.response_class.force_type(rv, request.environ)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers.py", line 847, in force_type
response = BaseResponse(*_run_wsgi_app(response, environ))
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers.py", line 57, in _run_wsgi_app
return _run_wsgi_app(*args)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/werkzeug/test.py", line 871, in run_wsgi_app
app_rv = app(environ, start_response)
TypeError: 'list' object is not callable
I have a form, and on submit I keep getting the error below. I can't work out what the problem is, but I think it has something to do with the selectfield as this is the first time I am using it and I haven't had problems before.
Here is my form:
class CampaignForm(Form):
name = StringField('Campaign Name', validators=[DataRequired])
start = DateField('Start', validators=[DataRequired], format='%d-%m-%Y')
end = DateField('End', validators=[DataRequired], format='%d-%m-%Y')
budget = IntegerField('Budget', validators=[DataRequired])
customer_id = SelectField(
'Customer', validators=[DataRequired], coerce=int)
Here is my view, GET works, but I keep getting an error on POST:
#app.route('/campaign/add', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
#login_required
def campaign_add():
form = CampaignForm()
form.customer_id.choices = [
(customer.id, customer.name)
for customer in current_user.account.customers]
if form.validate_on_submit():
campaign = Campaign(name=form.name.data,
start=form.start.data,
end=form.end.data,
budget=form.budget.data,
account_id=current_user.account_id,
customer_id=form.customer_id.data,
created_at=datetime.now(),
created_by=current_user.id,
updated_at=datetime.now(),
updated_by=current_user.id)
db.session.add(campaign)
db.session.commit()
return redirect(url_for('campaigns'))
return render_template('campaigns/add.html', form=form)
Here is the error that I am getting, and I can't work out what is wrong.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/tornado/web.py", line 1309, in _execute
result = self.prepare()
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/tornado/web.py", line 2498, in prepare
self.fallback(self.request)
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/livereload/server.py", line 89, in __call__
WSGIContainer.environ(request), start_response)
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1820, in wsgi_app
response = self.make_response(self.handle_exception(e))
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1403, in handle_exception
reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 33, in reraise
raise value
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1817, in wsgi_app
response = self.full_dispatch_request()
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1477, in full_dispatch_request
rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1381, in handle_user_exception
reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 33, in reraise
raise value
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1475, in full_dispatch_request
rv = self.dispatch_request()
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/flask_debugtoolbar/__init__.py", line 124, in dispatch_request
return view_func(**req.view_args)
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/flask_login.py", line 758, in decorated_view
return func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/src/fastplan/views.py", line 249, in campaign_add
if form.validate_on_submit():
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/flask_wtf/form.py", line 166, in validate_on_submit
return self.is_submitted() and self.validate()
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/wtforms/form.py", line 310, in validate
return super(Form, self).validate(extra)
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/wtforms/form.py", line 152, in validate
if not field.validate(self, extra):
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/wtforms/fields/core.py", line 200, in validate
stop_validation = self._run_validation_chain(form, chain)
File "/home/lee/Code/fastplan/venv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/wtforms/fields/core.py", line 220, in _run_validation_chain
validator(form, self)
TypeError: __init__() takes from 1 to 2 positional arguments but 3 were given
The issue is that lines like this:
validators=[DataRequired]
should be like this
validators=[DataRequired()]