I currently have this as my code.
def makeFolder():
if not os.path.exists('Game Saves'): os.makedirs('Game Saves')
def saveAllPlayerInfo(dest,fileName):
f=open(dest+fileName,'w')
f.write("{0}:{1}\n".format('playerName',playerName))
f.write("playerStats={\n")
f.write("\t'{0}':'{1}'\n".format('playerMaxHp',playerStats['playerMaxHp']))
f.write("\t'{0}':'{1}'\n".format('playerCurrentHp',playerStats['playerCurrentHp']))
f.write("\t'{0}':'{1}'\n".format('playerAtk',playerStats['playerAtk']))
f.write("\t'{0}':'{1}'\n".format('playerDef',playerStats['playerDef']))
f.write("\t'{0}':'{1}'\n".format('playerDefending',playerStats['playerDefending']))
f.write("\t'{0}':'{1}'\n".format('playerRunAbility',playerStats['playerRunAbility']))
f.write("\t'{0}':'{1}'\n".format('luck',playerStats['luck']))
f.write("\t'{0}':'{1}'\n".format('playerExperience',playerStats['playerExperience']))
f.write("\t'{0}':'{1}'\n".format('level',playerStats['level']))
f.write("\t}")
f.close()
def saveFile():
makeFolder()
dest=os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(inspect.getfile(inspect.currentframe())))+'\\Game Saves\\'
fileName="{0}.txt".format(playerName)
if not (os.path.isfile(dest+fileName)):
print("New File Created")
print("Game Has Been Saved")
saveAllPlayerInfo(dest,fileName)
elif (os.path.isfile(dest+fileName)):
saveAllPlayerInfo(dest,fileName)
print("Game Has Been Saved")
def readFile():
gameFiles=[f for f in os.listdir(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(inspect.getfile(inspect.currentframe())))+'\\Game Saves\\') if isfile(join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(inspect.getfile(inspect.currentframe())))+'\\Game Saves\\',f))]
dest=os.path.basename(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(inspect.getfile(inspect.currentframe())))+'\\Game Saves\\'))
print("What would you like to do?")
print("1. Load a Game")
print("2. Start a New Game")
ans=input()
a=0
while a==0:
if ans.lower() in ["1.","1","load a game","load game","load"]:
print("")
print("Select Which Game: ")
filesRead=0
for saves in gameFiles:
gameSave=(open(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(inspect.getfile(inspect.currentframe())))+'\\Game Saves\\'+gameFiles[filesRead],'r'))
firstLine=gameSave.readline()
print("{0}. {1}".format(filesRead+1, firstLine[11:]))
filesRead+=1
gameToLoad=input("")
if int(gameToLoad)<=filesRead:
exec(gameSave.read())
a=1
elif ans.lower() in ["2.","2","start a new game","start a game","start game","start"]:
clr()
newGame()
a=1
else:
print("I didn't understand that. Can you say that again?")
And this is the file it is pulling from. It is called 'Alex.txt'
playerName:Alex
playerStats={
'playerMaxHp':'10'
'playerCurrentHp':'10'
'playerAtk':'5'
'playerDef':'5'
'playerDefending':'0'
'playerRunAbility':'10'
'luck':'10'
'playerExperience':'0'
'level':'1'
}
Now, I understand that it currently doesn't have anyway to translate what file you input into the code for what the program should load. But that's not what I'm worrying about.
The problem here is that I want as elegant and simple of a solution as possible to load the file. That's why I saved it in the format I did. That's the exact format it is inside the code itself.
But when I execute it as is, I get
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "E:\Game.py", line 614, in <module>
readFile()
File "E:\Game.py", line 82, in readFile
exec(gameSave.read())
File "<string>", line 3
'playerCurrentHp':'10'
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
And when I do an eval() instead, I get.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "E:\Game.py", line 614, in <module>
readFile()
File "E:\Game.py", line 82, in readFile
eval(gameSave.read())
File "<string>", line 1
playerStats={
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
Both have problems. I'd like to just have a few lines of code if possible.
I've also tried having it go line by line, but neither will accept the line that eval is getting stuck on (Unexpected EOF error).
I will not import any third party modules. I am working on many computers, and I do not want to have to install modules on all the computers I'm working on for one project.
Can someone offer an elegant solution to my problem?
(Also, is there a way to simplify my reading function, specifially the dest= part? Seems pretty complex to me. I just searched here, did some testing, threw something together until it worked, and stuck with it. But it feels like it should be able to be far less obtuse.)
Related
I recently made a program using an external document with pickle. But when it tries to load the file with pickle, I got this error (the file is already existing but it also fails when the file in't existing):
python3.6 check-graph_amazon.py
a
b
g
URL to follow www.amazon.com
Product to follow Pool_table
h
i
[' www.amazon.com', ' Pool_table', []]
p
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "check-graph_amazon.py", line 17, in <module>
tab_simple = pickle.load(doc_simple)
io.UnsupportedOperation: read
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "check-graph_amazon.py", line 42, in <module>
pickle.dump(tab_simple, 'simple_data.dat')
TypeError: file must have a 'write' attribute
Here is the code :
import pickle5 as pickle
#import os
try:
print("a")
with open('simple_data.dat', 'rb') as doc_simple:
print("b")
tab_simple = pickle.load(doc_simple)
print("c")
print(tab_simple)
print("d")
URL = tab_simple[0]
produit_nom = tab_simple[1]
tous_jours = tab_simple[2]
print("f")
except :
print("g")
URL = str(input("URL to follow"))
produit_nom = str(input("Product to follow"))
with open('simple_data.dat', 'wb+') as doc_simple:
print("h")
#os.system('chmod +x simple_data.dat')
tab_simple = []
tab_simple.append(URL)
tab_simple.append(produit_nom)
tab_simple.append([])
print(tab_simple)
print("c'est le 2")
print("p")
pickle.dump(tab_simple, 'simple_data.dat')
print("q")
The prints are here to show which lines are executed. The os.system is here to allow writing on the file but the error is persisting.
I don't understand why it's said that the document doesn't have a write attribute because I opened it in writing mode. And I neither understand the first error where it can't load the file.
If it can help you the goal of this script is to initialise the program, with a try. It tries to open the document in reading mode in the try part and then set variables. If the document doesn't exist (because the program is lauched for the first time) it goes in the except part and create the document, before writing informations on it.
I hope you will have any clue, including changing the architecture of the code if you have a better way to make an initialisation for the 1st time the program is launched.
Thanks you in advance and sorry if the code isn't well formated, I'm a beginner with this website.
Quote from the docs for pickle.dump:
pickle.dumps(obj, protocol=None, *, fix_imports=True)
Write a pickled representation of obj to the open file object file. ...
...
The file argument must have a write() method that accepts a single bytes argument. It can thus be an on-disk file opened for binary writing, an io.BytesIO instance, or any other custom object that meets this interface.
So, you should pass to this function a file object, not a file name, like this:
with open("simple_data.dat", "wb"): as File:
pickle.dump(tab_simple, File)
Yeah, in your case the file has already been opened, so you should write to doc_simple.
I'm trying to make a text game in python and i'm trying to debug the game right now.
I think this code I'm writing is supposed to type out the letters/characters one by one and make a typing effect.
here it is:
def setup_game():
### BACKSTORY TELLING
backstory = "something something boring backstory"
typeout(backstory)
def typeout(x):
time.sleep(0.03)
sys.stdout.write(char)
sys.stdout.flush()
option = input('> ')
if option.lower() == '> ok':
title_screen()
else:
print("please try again\n")
option = input('> ')
#Actual game
def start_game():
print_location()
main_game_loop()
setup_game()
but whatever i do it always gives me an error and i don't know how to fix it.
here it is:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "textgame.py", line 612, in <module>
setup_game()
File "textgame.py", line 600, in setup_game
typeout(backstory)
File "textgame.py", line 604, in typeout
sys.stdout.write(char)
NameError: name 'char' is not defined
all the lines referenced in the error are in the code from the top.
I did find another post about the:
time.sleep(0.03)
sys.stdout.write(char)
sys.stdout.flush()
part and i tried doing what the answer said but instead it just gave me a different error which is what i have now.
help would be appreciated, thanks
You need to do something like:
sys.stdout.write(x)
Because char is not defined in your code. You're passing x to the function.
When I try to run my code and import an array from another file I keep getting a Syntax Error saying:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "run.py", line 21, in <module>
passwords = ast.literal_eval(open("passwords.txt").readlines()[0])
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/ast.py", line 49, in literal_eval
node_or_string = parse(node_or_string, mode='eval')
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/ast.py", line 37, in parse
return compile(source, filename, mode, PyCF_ONLY_AST)
File "<unknown>", line 1
[‘test’]
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
The piece ['test'] is the contents of the external file "passwords.txt", however what confuses me is that in the following code if I include only the first 2 variables the code runs perfectly fine but when the second is added it throws an error (also the file contents is the same in all of the variables)
adjectives = ast.literal_eval(open("Adjectives.txt").readlines()[0])
nouns = ast.literal_eval(open("Nouns.txt").readlines()[0])
passwords = ast.literal_eval(open("passwords.txt").readlines()[0])
usernames = ast.literal_eval(open("usernames.txt").readlines()[0])
The only other related new code is this:
def WOPR():
login = raw_input("Username: ")
login_password = raw_input("Password: ")
login_password = psudo_encrypt(login_password)
for name in usernames:
if name == login:
for word in passwords:
if word == login_password:
print("Greetings " + login)
play(true, login)
else:
print("Incorrect Password \n-------Connection Terminated-------")
elif login == "Joshua":
print("Greetings Professor Falken \nWould you like to play a game?")
play(true, "Professor")
else:
WOPR()
Anyone any idea what could be causing this? Have I missed a really obvious syntax issue? Thanks in advance
[‘test’]
^ ^
The two characters I've marked are curly apostrophes (‘’), not straight apostrophes ('). You probably got them by copying and pasting code from a web site, or by editing your code in a text editor that isn't intended for working with code.
Replace those characters with normal apostrophes.
I'm teaching myself how to Python3. I wanted to train my acquired skills and write a command-line backup program. I'm trying to save the default backup and save locations with the Shelve module but it seems that it keeps forgetting the variables I save whenever I close or restart the program.
Here is the main function that works with the shelves:
def WorkShelf(key, mode='get', variable=None):
"""Either stores a variable to the shelf or gets one from it.
Possible modes are 'store' and 'get'"""
config = shelve.open('Config')
if mode.strip() == 'get':
print(config[key])
return config[key]
elif mode.strip() == 'store':
config[key] = variable
print(key,'holds',variable)
else:
print("mode has not been reconginzed. Possible modes:\n\t- 'get'\n\t-'store'")
config.close()
So, whenever I call this function to store variables and call the function just after that, it works perfectly. I tried to access the shelf manually and everything is there.
This is the code used to store the variables:
WorkShelf('BackUpPath','store', bupath)
WorkShelf('Path2BU', 'store', path)
The problem comes when I try to get my variables from the shelf after restarting the script. This code:
config = shelve.open('Config')
path = config['Path2BU']
bupath = config['BackUpPath']
Gives me this error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python35-32\lib\shelve.py", line 111, in __getitem__
value = self.cache[key]
KeyError: 'Path2BU'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#2>", line 1, in <module>
config['Path2BU']
File "C:\Python35-32\lib\shelve.py", line 113, in __getitem__
f = BytesIO(self.dict[key.encode(self.keyencoding)])
File "C:\Python35-32\lib\dbm\dumb.py", line 141, in __getitem__
pos, siz = self._index[key] # may raise KeyError
KeyError: b'Path2BU
Basically, this is an error I could reproduce by calling ShelveObject['ThisKeyDoesNotExist'].
I am really lost right now. When I try to manually create a shelf, close it and access it again it seems to work (even though I got an error doing that before) now. I've read every post concerning this, I thought about shelf corruption (but it's not likely it happens every time), and I've read my script A to Z around 20 times now.
Thanks for any help (and I hope I asked my question the right way this time)!
EDIT
Okay so this is making me crazy. Isolating WorkShelf() does work perfectly, like so:
import shelve
def WorkShelf(key, mode='get', variable=None):
"""Either stores a variable to the shelf or gets one from it.
Possible modes are 'store' and 'get'"""
config = shelve.open('Config')
if mode.strip() == 'get':
print(config[key])
return config[key]
elif mode.strip() == 'store':
config[key] = variable
print(key,'holds',variable)
else:
print("mode has not been reconginzed. Possible modes:\n\t- 'get'\n\t-'store'")
config.close()
if False:
print('Enter path n1: ')
path1 = input("> ")
WorkShelf('Path1', 'store', path1)
print ('Enter path n2: ')
path2 = input("> ")
WorkShelf('Path2', 'store', path2)
else:
path1, path2 = WorkShelf('Path1'), WorkShelf('Path2')
print (path1, path2)
No problem, perfect.
But when I use the same function in my script, I get this output. It basically tells me it does write the variables to the shelve files ('This key holds this variable' message). I can even call them with the same code I use when restarting. But when calling them after a program reset it's all like 'What are you talking about m8? I never saved these'.
Welcome to this backup manager.
We will walk you around creating your backup and backup preferences
What directory would you like to backup?
Enter path here: W:\Users\Damien\Documents\Code\Code Pyth
Would you like to se all folders and files at that path? (enter YES|NO)
> n
Okay, let's proceed.
Where would you like to create your backup?
Enter path here: N:\
Something already exists there:
19 folders and 254 documents
Would you like to change your location?
> n
Would you like to save this destination (N:\) as your default backup location ? That way you don't have to type it again.
> y
BackUpPath holds N:\
If you're going to be backing the same data up we can save the files location W:\Users\Damien\Documents\Code\Code Pyth so you don't have to type all the paths again.
Would you like me to remember the backup file's location?
> y
Path2BU holds W:\Users\Damien\Documents\Code\Code Pyth
>>>
======== RESTART: W:\Users\Damien\Documents\Code\Code Pyth\Backup.py ========
Welcome to this backup manager.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python35-32\lib\shelve.py", line 111, in __getitem__
value = self.cache[key]
KeyError: 'Path2BU'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "W:\Users\Damien\Documents\Code\Code Pyth\Backup.py", line 198, in <module>
path, bupath = WorkShelf('Path2BU'), WorkShelf('BackUpPath')
File "W:\Users\Damien\Documents\Code\Code Pyth\Backup.py", line 165, in WorkShelf
print(config[key])
File "C:\Python35-32\lib\shelve.py", line 113, in __getitem__
f = BytesIO(self.dict[key.encode(self.keyencoding)])
File "C:\Python35-32\lib\dbm\dumb.py", line 141, in __getitem__
pos, siz = self._index[key] # may raise KeyError
KeyError: b'Path2BU'
Please help, I'm going crazy and might develop a class to store and get variables from text files.
Okay so I just discovered what went wrong.
I had a os.chdir() in my setup code. Whenever Setup was done and I wanted to open my config files it would look in the current directory but the shelves were in the directory os.chdir() pointed to in the setup.
For some reason I ended up with empty shelves in the directory the actual ones were supposed to be. That cost me a day of debugging.
That's all for today folks!
Need some guidance here please. This is probably a stupid mistake, but I'm getting the "builtins.NameError: global name -- is not defined" error and I'm not seeing why - I'm still learning the language :).
Here is my code:
def option(x):
if x == "E":
enter()
elif x == "V":
view()
else:
exit()
def enter():
msg = input("Enter the message\n")
main()
def view():
##if msg == 0:
#print("no message yet")
#main()
#else:
print("The message is:", msg )
main()
def exit():
print("Goodbye!")
def main():
print("Welcome to BBS")
print("MENU")
print("(E)nter a message")
print("(V)iew message")
print("e(X)it")
print("Enter your selection:")
choice = input()
option(choice)
#msg = 0
main()
My problem is that I'm getting this even though I'm choosing the "E" option first:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Wing IDE 101 5.0\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 36, in <module>
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Wing IDE 101 5.0\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 33, in main
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Wing IDE 101 5.0\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 3, in option
pass
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Wing IDE 101 5.0\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 11, in enter
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Wing IDE 101 5.0\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 33, in main
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Wing IDE 101 5.0\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 5, in option
File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Wing IDE 101 5.0\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 18, in view
builtins.NameError: global name 'msg' is not defined
Could I please be guided? I've been searching for info and haven't found anything, and my conclusion is that it is probably something really stupid and noobish.
Also, as you guys can see from what I've commented out, I've attempted to restrict "view" from giving an error by checking that msg != 0 -- I made msg = 0 in main() - this obviously doesn't work because after going through enter() it goes back to main() and makes msg == 0 again. Could you guys link me to a page/guide that will help me understand how to solve this? I don't want to be spoon fed that much..
Thanks,
Itachi
The problem here is that msg inside enter() is a local variable: it's created when the enter() function runs, and it ceases to exist when enter() returns. Normally, whenever you set a variable inside a function, you're setting a local variable. If you want to set a global variable, which retains its value even after the function returns, use a global statement:
def enter():
global msg
msg = input("Enter the message\n")
main()
That said, global variables are often not the best way to do things. It may be better to have the enter() function return the message instead of storing it in a variable.
msg is a name that's not scoped to be used anywhere. That's why you get the NameError.
Each one of the functions you've created should stand alone and have straightforward inputs and outputs.
main is your entry point and it should call other functions as appropriate.
Those functions will return to their caller when their execution is complete. They can and in some cases should return some amount of data back to their caller.
For example, here's a subset of your problem showing how main invokes view and then returns:
def view(text):
if not text:
print("no message yet")
else:
print("The message is:", msg )
def main():
print("Welcome to BBS")
print("MENU")
print("(E)nter a message")
print("(V)iew message")
print("e(X)it")
print("Enter your selection:")
while not exiting:
choice = input()
view(choice)
exiting = True # TODO: set this based on the value in choice