My function isn't giving me the right output, and it doesn't want to work. I keep getting this error:
TypeError: list indices must be integers, not str
This is my code:
def showShop(level = level, cash = cash):
top = Tkinter.Tk()
shop = ["$100 & level 2 - Shotgun", "$250 & level 3 - 5 Grenades", "$500 & level 5 - Rocket Launcher"]
buttons = []
for i in shop:
temp = shop[i]
temp = Tkinter.Button(top, height=10, width=100, text = temp, command = shopping(i))
temp.pack()
buttons.append(temp)
top.mainloop()
I want it to display what is in the shop list based on what button it is...
Remove temp = shop[i] from the code
for i in shop:
temp = Tkinter.Button(top, height=10, width=100, text = temp, command = shopping(i))
temp.pack()
buttons.append(temp)
The for loop iterates over the elements in the list and not the indices!. The python docs make it more clear
The for statement in Python differs a bit from what you may be used to in C or Pascal. Rather than always iterating over an arithmetic progression of numbers (like in Pascal), or giving the user the ability to define both the iteration step and halting condition (as C), Python’s for statement iterates over the items of any sequence (a list or a string), in the order that they appear in the sequence.
Also note that the command argument in the Button constructor takes a function as an argument. So you maybe better off by writing command = shopping there instead of the call command = shopping(i).
Change for i in shop to for i in xrange(shop).
You have to use something like partial to pass arguments to the function called by the button press. Note that you have declared the variable "temp" as 2 different things. The only reason it works is because the second declaration is after you use the first. Also note that the "buttons" list can not be used outside of the function showShop() because it is created in/local to that function. The following is working code based on what you posted. Also, please do not use "i", "l" or "O" as single digit variable names as they can look like numbers.
import Tkinter
from functools import partial
def shopping(btn_num):
print "button number %d pressed" % (btn_num)
buttons[btn_num]["bg"]="lightblue"
def showShop(buttons):
top = Tkinter.Tk()
shop = ["$100 & level 2 - Shotgun", "$250 & level 3 - 5 Grenades",
"$500 & level 5 - Rocket Launcher"]
##buttons = []
for ctr in range(len(shop)):
temp = Tkinter.Button(top, height=10, width=100, text = shop[ctr],
command = partial(shopping, ctr))
temp.pack()
buttons.append(temp)
top.mainloop()
## lists are mutable
buttons=[] ## not local to the function
showShop(buttons)
Related
I got another little question...
I want to make multiple variables which I create with 'setattr'
That works quite fine. It creates these variables:
self.sectionButton_1 = Button(text=x)
self.sectionButton_2 = Button(text=x)
self.sectionButton_3 = Button(text=x)
Now I want them to get displayed on the window with tkinter so that this should happen:
self.sectionButton_1.grid(row=i, column=0)
self.sectionButton_2.grid(row=i, column=0)
and so on..
But how do I have to edit the loop that the sectionButtons gonna be created with .grid from tkinter in a loop without writing the above ten times.
# Display Section selection
def checkSection(self):
# Read all sections from config
self.sections = config.sections()
self.sectionsCount = str(len(self.sections))
self.i = 0
self.text = Label(text="Choose Section:" + self.sectionsCount)
self.text.grid(row=1, column=0)
for x in self.sections:
i = +1
setattr(self, 'sectionButton_' + str(i), Button(text=x))
I'm not that good at explaining but hopefully its enough to understand my problem ^^
If not, just comment, I will try to answer it
If you have a group of related variables of the same type and you're doing the same operations to each one then that's a natural place to switch to using a list instead of individual variables.
Your code would become more like:
self.sectionButtons = []
for i, x in enumerate(self.sections):
button = Button(text=x)
button.grid(row=i+1, column=0)
self.sectionButtons.append(button)
This also has the advantage of no longer needing to construct the variable names as strings and use setattr, which is often a sign there's a better way.
I am learning python. I am not new to programming, so this is frustrating and a little embarrassing too: I I want to check if the random number is 20 - and if it is, change the background color. If I change comparison to != it works. But I cannot seem to check for a value. I tried making the result a string/int as random generates a float. Any ideas..?
The code follows:
import random
import tkinter as tk
temp_result = 0
pickedColor = ""
def d20roll():
temp_result = random.randint(1, 20) # generates a float
lbl_result["text"] = str(temp_result) # makes the float a string for display
print(temp_result) #shows me the result
if temp_result == 20:# if the rnd is 20, make the color red.
pickedColor = "red"
else:
pickedColor = "black"
window = tk.Tk()
window.columnconfigure(0, minsize=150)
window.rowconfigure([0, 1], minsize=50)
frame = tk.Frame(
master=window,
relief=tk.RAISED,
borderwidth=2)
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=2,pady=2)
btn_d20roll = tk.Button(master=frame, text="D20 Roll", command=d20roll)
lbl_result = tk.Label(fg="white", bg=pickedColor)
btn_d20roll.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
lbl_result.grid(row=1, column=0)
window.mainloop() '''
You're setting the value of temp_result inside a function, and testing that value outside of that function. Without diving too far in your code, I see 2 problems with that:
At the moment you test the value of temp_result, the function has not been called yet. The value of temp_result is therefore still the initial value.
When you assign to a variable inside of a function, Python considers that variable local to the function and no change will be visible outside of the function. You could change that by using global temp_result in the function, but it's generally not recommended to communicate values from inside a function to outside of it. It's better to return a value instead.
You're going to have to arrange your code so that a button press will result in:
a random number being generated
that random number being compared to some value
and the background color being set to some value based on that
I'm not familiar with Tkinter so I can't really help with that.
I want to create a fast typing effect through packing a label in tkinter. When I run this code, it prints left to right as I want it to, but the letters are spaced far apart and the spaces print {} brackets instead.
How can I remove the brackets and just show a space? Is there also a cleaner and easier way to do the scrolling effect other than the list method I used?
root = Tk()
delay = 50
label_var = StringVar()
label = Label(root, textvariable=label_var, height=10)
num = 0
def scroll():
global num
roll_text = list(message) # Edit: deleted this line
num = num + 1
label_var.set(roll_text[1:num]) # Edit: changed roll_text to message
root.after(delay, scroll)
message = ' This message should be scrolling left to right. '
scroll()
label.pack()
root.mainloop()
The brackets are appearing because you're converting the string to a list. When tkinter is given a list where it expects a string it uses Tcl's rules for converting the list back to a string. Those rules include using curly braces to preserve the original data.
The solution is simple: don't pass a list to label_var.set.
As for the alignment, because you don't provide any alignment options, tkinter will try to center the widget. A simple solution for this specific case is to pass side='left' to the pack command.
I am using a standard tkinter entry to input a directory path. When the user presses enter - if the physical length of the string exceeds that of the entry, I want the program to modify the displayed text to ...[end of directory]. I have the logistics of this figured out but as of yet I have no accurate way to test whether the entry box is full, or how full
Things I have tried:
Using 'PIL.ImageFont.truetype("font.otp",fontsize).size' - cannot calculate the point at which to cut the directory
Simply using the length of the string against the length of the entry- inaccurate as the font I am using (which I don't want to change if possible) varies in length with each character
Another compromise behaviour which I tried was to make the entry "look" at the start of the path. I tried inserting at, selecting at and moving the cursor to position 0 but none of these worked
You can use xview method of Entry. xview return the visible part of the text displayed in the entry. You can use it to interactively create a text that fit the entry.
Here is a quick and dirty proof of concept
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
v = StringVar(root)
e = Entry(root,textvariable=v)
e.pack(fill=BOTH)
v.set('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789')
new_s = None
def check_length():
global new_s
original_s = v.get()
def shorten():
global new_s
e.xview(0)
if e.xview()[1] != 1.0:
new_s = new_s[:-4] + '...'
v.set(new_s)
print("new_s: " + new_s)
e.xview(0)
e.after(0,shorten)
print(e.xview()[1])
if e.xview() != (0.0,1.0):
new_s = original_s + '...'
shorten()
b = Button(root,text="hop",command=check_length)
b.pack()
e.mainloop()
I'm trying to build a search engine that will check a list and then remove all list items that do not meet the search parameters. I know there is several problems with my program such as it will not add things back to the list when you backspace and in my updating for loop I simply tack on a '*' thinking that it will search for strings only beginning with the current parameters, but I will cross those bridges later.
class StudentFinderWindow(Tkinter.Toplevel):
def __init__(self):
Tkinter.Toplevel.__init__(self) # Create Window
searchResultList = ['student1', 'student2', 'student3'] # Test list.
##### window attributes
self.title('Edit Students') #sets window title.
##### Puts stuff into the window.
# text
editStudentInfoLabel = Tkinter.Label(self,text='Select the student from the list below or search for one in the search box provided')
editStudentInfoLabel.grid(row=0, column=0)
# Entry box
self.searchRepositoryEntry = Tkinter.Entry(self)
self.searchRepositoryEntry.grid(row=1, column=0)
# List box
self.searchResults = Tkinter.Listbox(self)
self.searchResults.grid(row=2, column=0)
This fills the Tkinter Listbox with the original list.
# Search results initial updater.
self.getStudentList()
for student in self.studentList:
self.searchResults.insert(Tkinter.END, student)
##### Event handler
Right here I bind to run the list updater after a key is entered into the search box
self.searchRepositoryEntry.bind('<Key>', self.updateSearch)
This is supposed to run every time a key is pressed. It gets the string that is in the Entry then starts a variable count so I know which index the name is at. After that it run a for loop on the current list supposedly checking to see if it fits the requirement of the parameters and any other letter after it. If it does not match it should delete. The problem is the first time I hit a letter the parameters string is just a blank space and then the next letter the string is the first letter and so on. It is always one step behind. And that is the problem
def updateSearch(self, event):
parameters = self.searchRepositoryEntry.get()
int = 0
currentList = self.searchResults.get(0, Tkinter.END)
for i in currentList:
if not i == parameters + '*':
self.searchResults.delete(int)
int += 1
def getStudentList(self):
global fileDirectory # Gets the directory that all the files are in.
fileList = listdir(fileDirectory)
self.studentList = []
for file in fileList:
self.studentList.append(file[:-4])
I believe I have run into this same problem you describe before, when attempting to make an actively searching ctrl-F feature in one of my programs.
What I found to work is not bind on Key but instead KeyRelease. I'm not entirely sure why this works (probably just a quirk with Tkinter). However, it works.
Snippet's:
The binding
# self.FW.En is an entry widget.
self.FW.En.bind('<KeyRelease>', self.find)
Which would run
def find (self, event):
self.Te.tag_remove('found', '1.0', 'end')
pat = self.FW.En.get()
if len(pat) > 1:
index = '1.0'
while True:
index = self.Te.search(pat, index, nocase=1, stopindex='end')
if not index:
break
lastidex = '%s+%dc' % (index, len(pat))
self.Te.tag_add('found', index, lastidex)
index = lastidex
self.Te.tag_config('found', background='#80ff00')