I've just started programming in Tkinter and my question is why does the 'master' method work without needing to assigned an instance of the Tk() class?
In other Tkinter projects I've seen they have a variable that takes Tk() as its parameters? i.e master = Tk()
from tkinter import Tk, Label, Button
class MyFirstGUI:
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
master.title("A simple GUI")
self.label = Label(master, text="This is our first GUI!")
self.label.pack()
self.greet_button = Button(master, text="Greet", command=self.greet)
self.greet_button.pack()
self.close_button = Button(master, text="Close", command=master.quit)
self.close_button.pack()
def greet(self):
print("Greetings!")
root = Tk()
my_gui = MyFirstGUI(root)
root.mainloop()
Well, you assign a instance of Tk():
root = Tk()
my_gui = MyFirstGUI(root)
Here, root is an instance of Tk() and the second parameter of the "init"
And you give it the name of "master" in you "init"
No?
Related
I have created a program in Python using tkinter. I have created two seperate classes for two windows. I am opening the other window by clicking on the button of one window. I want it such that when new window opens the other should close. My code is
from tkinter import Tk, Toplevel
from tkinter import *
def main():
main_window = Tk()
app = first(main_window)
main_window.mainloop()
class first:
def __init__(self, root):
self.root = root
self.root.title('First window')
self.root.geometry('1350x700+0+0')
frame1 = Frame(self.root, bg='black')
frame1.place(x=400, y=50, width=400, height=600)
btn_1 = Button(frame1, command=self.second_window, text='open second window', font=("Times New Roman", 15, 'bold'), bd=3,
relief=RIDGE,
cursor='hand2', bg='red', fg='white', activeforeground='white', activebackground='red')
btn_1.place(x=100, y=350, width=220, height=35)
def second_window(self):
self.new_window = Toplevel(self.root)
self.app = second(self.new_window)
class second:
def __init__(self, root):
self.root = root
self.root.title('Second Window')
self.root.geometry("1350x700+0+0")
self.root.config(bg='white')
frame1 = Frame(self.root, bg='black')
frame1.place(x=400, y=50, width=400, height=600)
btn_1 = Button(frame1, command=self.first_window, text='open first window',
font=("Times New Roman", 15, 'bold'), bd=3,
relief=RIDGE,
cursor='hand2', bg='red', fg='white', activeforeground='white', activebackground='red')
btn_1.place(x=100, y=350, width=220, height=35)
def first_window(self):
self.new_window = Toplevel(self.root)
self.app = first(self.new_window)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
I understand this question is quite common but I cant find a soloution on here which would be applicable for my code.
You can destroy the previous window and start a new window using Tk class
Here is an example
from tkinter import *
from tkinter.ttk import Button
root = Tk()
root.title("title")
root.geometry("800x500")
def window2():
root.destroy()
window2_main = Tk()
Label(window2_main, text="Bye Bye").pack()
window2_main.mainloop()
a = Button(text="Click This", command=window2)
a.pack()
root.mainloop()
I am stuck at referencing methods and variables between classes in Tkinter.
Here is an simple example, I have three different types of windows, which I would like to put into different classes.
In the root window, I can click the button to open the second window, where I can input something in to the Text widget.
Also in the 2nd window I want the OK button to read the content in the Text widget and insert the content into another Text widget into the 3rd window. And the Cancel button can close the 2nd window and show the root window again.
There is many bugs in the code, because I couldn't figure out how to make cross references between classes to access the methods and variables.
Could anyone help me to accomplish that? Thanks.
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import scrolledtext
def main():
"""The main app function"""
root = Tk()
root_window = Root(root)
return None
class Root:
def __init__(self, root):
# Main root window configration
self.root = root
self.root.geometry("200x100")
self.btn_ok = Button(self.root, text="Open new window",
command=NewWindow)
self.btn_ok.pack(padx=10, pady=10)
def hide(self):
"""Hide the root window."""
self.root.withdraw()
def show(self):
"""Show the root window from the hide status"""
self.root.update()
self.root.deiconify()
def onClosing(self, window):
window.destroy()
self.show()
class NewWindow:
def __init__(self):
Root.hide()
self.new_window = Toplevel()
lbl = Label(self.new_window, text="Input here:")
lbl.pack(padx=10, pady=(10, 0), anchor=W)
# Create a scrolledtext widget.
self.new_content = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(
self.new_window, wrap=WORD,
)
self.new_content.pack(padx=10, expand=True, fill=BOTH, anchor=W)
# Respond to the 'Cancel' button.
btn_cancel = Button(self.new_window, text="Cancel", width=10,
command=lambda: Root.onClosing(self.new_window))
btn_cancel.pack(padx=10, pady=10, side=RIGHT)
# Add 'OK' button to read sequence
self.btn_ok = Button(self.new_window, text="OK", width=10,
command=WorkingWindow)
self.btn_ok.pack(padx=10, pady=10, side=RIGHT)
def readContent(self):
self.content = self.new_content.get(1.0, END)
self.new_window.destroy()
workwindow = WorkingWindow()
class WorkingWindow:
def __init__(self):
self.work_window = Toplevel()
self.work_content = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(self.work_window, wrap=WORD, font=("Courier New", 11))
self.work_content.pack(padx=10, expand=True, fill=BOTH, anchor=W)
self.work_content.insert(1.0, Root.content)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
You were almost there all you have to do is pass the instance of Root class to other class you are calling
Here is the corrected code:
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import scrolledtext
def main():
"""The main app function"""
root = Tk()
root_window = Root(root)
root.mainloop()
class Root:
def __init__(self, root):
# Main root window configration
self.root = root
self.root.geometry("200x100")
self.btn_ok = Button(self.root, text="Open new window",
command=lambda :NewWindow(self))
self.btn_ok.pack(padx=10, pady=10)
def hide(self):
"""Hide the root window."""
self.root.withdraw()
def show(self):
"""Show the root window from the hide status"""
self.root.update()
self.root.deiconify()
def onClosing(self, window):
window.destroy()
self.show()
class NewWindow:
def __init__(self, parent):
parent.hide()
self.new_window = Toplevel()
lbl = Label(self.new_window, text="Input here:")
lbl.pack(padx=10, pady=(10, 0), anchor=W)
# Create a scrolledtext widget.
self.new_content = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(
self.new_window, wrap=WORD,
)
self.new_content.pack(padx=10, expand=True, fill=BOTH, anchor=W)
# Respond to the 'Cancel' button.
btn_cancel = Button(self.new_window, text="Cancel", width=10,
command=lambda: parent.onClosing(self.new_window))
btn_cancel.pack(padx=10, pady=10, side=RIGHT)
# Add 'OK' button to read sequence
self.btn_ok = Button(self.new_window, text="OK", width=10,
command=self.readContent)
self.btn_ok.pack(padx=10, pady=10, side=RIGHT)
def readContent(self):
self.content = self.new_content.get(1.0, END)
self.new_window.destroy()
workwindow = WorkingWindow(self)
class WorkingWindow:
def __init__(self, parent):
self.work_window = Toplevel()
self.work_content = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(self.work_window, wrap=WORD, font=("Courier New", 11))
self.work_content.pack(padx=10, expand=True, fill=BOTH, anchor=W)
self.work_content.insert(1.0, parent.content)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
Suppose I have two tkinter classes which act as separate windows. How could I edit any given widget from one class in the other tkinter class. ALso, how could I add a widget in one tkinter class from the other tkinter class?
from tkinter import Tk, Label, Button
class MyFirstGUI:
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
master.title("A simple GUI")
self.label = Label(master, text="This is
our first GUI!")
self.label.pack()
self.greet_button = Button(master,
text="Greet", command=self.greet)
self.greet_button.pack()
self.close_button = Button(master,
text="Close", command=master.quit)
self.close_button.pack()
def greet(self):
print("Greetings!")
root = Tk()
my_gui = MyFirstGUI(root)
root.mainloop()
from tkinter import Tk, Label, Button
class MyFirstGUI2:
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
master.title("A simple GUI")
self.label = Label(master, text="This is
our first GUI!")
self.label.pack()
self.greet_button = Button(master,
text="Greet", command=self.greet)
self.greet_button.pack()
self.close_button = Button(master,
text="Close", command=master.quit)
self.close_button.pack()
def greet(self):
print("Greetings!")
root = Tk()
my_gui = MyFirstGUI2(root)
root.mainloop()
I think it would be better to use a Toplevel widget for your two windows (or at least one of them). Right now your first window will be created and the code will stop when it gets to the root.mainloop() line. The second window will not be created until you close the first one.
And you can pass in a reference from each class.
import tkinter
from tkinter import Tk, Label, Toplevel, Button
class MainWidget:
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
self.widgetTwo = None
self.label = Label(self.master, text='Widget One')
self.label.pack()
class WidgetTwo(Toplevel):
def __init__(self, master, mainWidget):
Toplevel.__init__(self, master)
self.master = master
self.mainWidget = mainWidget
self.labelTwo = Label(self, text='Widget Two')
self.labelTwo.pack()
Button(self, text='Change Main Widget Text', command=self.ChangeMainWidgetLabel).pack()
def ChangeMainWidgetLabel(self):
self.mainWidget.label.config(text='Widget One text changed')
mw = Tk()
mainWidget = MainWidget(mw)
widgetTwo = WidgetTwo(mw, mainWidget)
mainWidget.widgetTwo = widgetTwo
mw.mainloop()
I am creating a login/sign-up system using tkinter. When the user clicks on either login or sign-up, I want all widgets to disappear for new widgets to appear on the screen depending on if they clicked on login or sign-up. So if they clicked on login, new labels and textboxes would appear for their username and password. The problem is I am using .place() and the tutorials I have seen are mostly using pack_forget or grid_forget
My Code:
from tkinter import *
class Window:
def __init__(self, master):
root.title("Sign Up or Login")
root.minsize(width=300, height=300)
root.maxsize(width=300,height=300)
self.login_button = Button(master, text = "Login", width=18,height=4, command=self.LoginPage)
self.signup_button = Button(master, text = "Sign Up", width=18,height=4, command=self.SignupPage)
self.login_button.place(relx=0.5, rely=0.3, anchor=CENTER)
self.signup_button.place(relx=0.5, rely=0.7, anchor=CENTER)
def LoginPage(self):
root.title("Login")
def SignupPage(self):
root.title("Sign Up")
root = Tk()
run = Window(root)
root.mainloop()
My Interface:
No matter you use place,pack or grid. The best solution works for all:
for widgets in root.winfo_children():
widgets.destory()
It loops through widgets and delete them. You can try:
from tkinter import *
class Window:
def __init__(self, master):
root.title("Sign Up or Login")
root.minsize(width=300, height=300)
root.maxsize(width=300,height=300)
self.login_button = Button(master, text = "Login", width=18,height=4, command=self.LoginPage)
self.signup_button = Button(master, text = "Sign Up", width=18,height=4, command=self.SignupPage)
self.login_button.place(relx=0.5, rely=0.3, anchor=CENTER)
self.signup_button.place(relx=0.5, rely=0.7, anchor=CENTER)
def LoginPage(self):
root.title("Login")
self.Restore()
def SignupPage(self):
root.title("Sign Up")
self.Restore()
def Restore(self):
for widgets in root.winfo_children():
widgets.destroy()
root = Tk()
run = Window(root)
root.mainloop()
This is my code.
When i press CTRL+S it popups a TopLevel Window. However, when i press CTRL+S again, it popups up another window on top of it and so on.
How can i improve the code so that only one window Pops up when I press CTRL+S.
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox
class MainWindow(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.master = master
self.master.title("Tournament Software")
self.menu()
def menu(self):
menu = Menu(self.master)
self.master.config(menu=menu)
participant = Menu(menu, tearoff=False)
participant.add_command(label="Add participant", accelerator="Ctrl+S", command=self.addparticipant_window)
menu.add_cascade(label="Participants", menu=participant)
self.bind_all('<Control-s>', lambda e: menu.after(100,self.addparticipant_window))
def addparticipant_window(self):
participantWindow = Toplevel()
participantWindow.geometry("400x350")
participantWindow.resizable(False, False)
top_frame = Frame(participantWindow, bg='cyan', width=450, height=50, pady=3)
top_frame.grid(row=0, sticky="ew")
root = Tk()
root.iconbitmap("Icon.ico")
root.geometry("500x400")
root.resizable(False, False)
app = MainWindow(root)
root.mainloop()
Thankyou, I am new to this so help me.
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox
class MainWindow(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.master = master
self.master.title("Tournament Software")
self.menu()
self.popup = None
def open_up(self):
if self.popup is None or not self.popup.top.winfo_exists():
self.popup = addparticipant_window()
else:
self.popup.top.lift(self.master)
def menu(self):
menu = Menu(self.master)
self.master.config(menu=menu)
participant = Menu(menu, tearoff=False)
participant.add_command(label="Add participant", accelerator="Ctrl+S", command=self.open_up)
menu.add_cascade(label="Participants", menu=participant)
self.bind_all('<Control-s>', lambda e: menu.after(100,self.open_up))
class addparticipant_window:
def __init__(self):
self.top = Toplevel()
self.top.geometry("400x350")
self.top.resizable(False, False)
top_frame = Frame(self.top, bg='cyan', width=450, height=50, pady=3)
top_frame.grid(row=0, sticky="ew")
root = Tk()
root.geometry("500x400")
root.resizable(False, False)
app = MainWindow(root)
root.mainloop()