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So my problem is that I want to create multiple entry fields like over 30, but every time I reformat it using .pack or .grid it keeps throwing off the formatting. is there a way to fit nearly 30 entry boxes on one window without using anything like SQLite? As we can see from this code, we have 4 fields, how would you go on with shrinking the boxes to put in more entry fields like over 30.
Secondly, I want to output all the typed data entry fields to the Listbox is there a way to add a table column to the list box to show a breakdown of each entry field.
The third is it possible to move the Listbox to another tab on the same window to show all entry fields that were typed in, if so how would you do so.
Here is my current code so far
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import messagebox
from datetime import *
# Import Packages
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter.scrolledtext import *
import tkinter.filedialog
from tkcalendar import Calendar, DateEntry
from tkinter import messagebox
from tkintertable import TableCanvas, TableModel
from tkinter import ttk
# Database
#import sqlite3
import csv
window = Tk()
window.title("TESTTEST")
window.geometry("750x450")
window.config(background='black')
#style = ttk.Style(window)
#style.configure('lefttab.TNotebook', tabposition='wn',)
# TAB LAYOUT
#tab_control = ttk.Notebook(window,style='righttab.TNotebook')
#tab1 = ttk.Frame(tab_control)
#tab2 = ttk.Frame(tab_control)
#tab3 = ttk.Frame(tab_control)
#tab4 = ttk.Frame(tab_control)
#tab5 = ttk.Frame(tab_control)
#tab6 = ttk.Frame(tab_control)
# ADD TABS TO NOTEBOOK
#tab_control.add(tab1, text=f'{"Home":^20s}')
#tab_control.add(tab2, text=f'{"View":^20s}')
#tab_control.add(tab3, text=f'{"Search":^20s}')
#tab_control.add(tab4, text=f'{"Edit":^20s}')
#tab_control.add(tab5, text=f'{"Export":^20s}')
#tab_control.add(tab6, text=f'{"About ":^20s}')
#label1 = Label(tab1, text= 'Python RPA APP',padx=1, pady=1)
#label1.grid(column=0, row=0)
#label2 = Label(tab2, text= 'View',padx=5, pady=5)
#label2.grid(column=0, row=0)
#label3 = Label(tab3, text= 'Search',padx=5, pady=5)
#label3.grid(column=0, row=0)
#label4 = Label(tab4, text= 'Edit/Update',padx=5, pady=5)
#label4.grid(column=0, row=0)
#label5 = Label(tab5, text= 'Export',padx=5, pady=5)
#label5.grid(column=0, row=0)
#label6 = Label(tab6, text= 'About',padx=5, pady=5)
#label6.grid(column=0, row=0)
#tab_control.pack(expand=1, fill='both')
class Main(ttk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent):
super().__init__()
self.parent = parent
self.punches_list = []
self.ent1 = tk.StringVar()
self.ent2 = tk.StringVar()
self.ent3 = tk.StringVar()
self.ent4 = tk.StringVar()
self.init_ui()
def init_ui(self):
f = ttk.Frame()
# ttk.Label(f, text = "Entry1").pack(side=TOP, anchor=NW)
## ttk.Label(f, text = "Entry1").pack(side=LEFT, padx=5, pady=5, anchor=NW)
## self.txTest = ttk.Entry(f,textvariable=self.ent).pack(fill=X, padx=5, expand=True, anchor=NW)
# ttk.Label(f, text = "Entry1").pack(side=TOP, anchor=NW)
# self.txTest1 = ttk.Entry(f, textvariable=self.ent2).pack(side=TOP, anchor=NW)
ttk.Label(f, text = "Entry1").pack(side=TOP, anchor=NW, fill=tk.BOTH, pady=5, padx=5, expand=0)
self.txTest1 = ttk.Entry(f, textvariable=self.ent1).pack(side=TOP, anchor=NW, fill=tk.BOTH, pady=5, padx=5, expand=0)
ttk.Label(f, text = "Entry2").pack(side=TOP, anchor=NW,fill=tk.BOTH, pady=5, padx=5, expand=0)
self.txTest2 = ttk.Entry(f, textvariable=self.ent2).pack(side=TOP, anchor=NW,fill=tk.BOTH, pady=5, padx=5, expand=0)
ttk.Label(f, text = "Entry3").pack(side=TOP, anchor=NW,fill=tk.BOTH, pady=5, padx=5, expand=0)
self.txTest3 = ttk.Entry(f, textvariable=self.ent3).pack(side=TOP, anchor=NW,fill=tk.BOTH, pady=5, padx=5, expand=0)
#tkinter.Label(window, text = "Username").grid(row = 0) #'username' is placed on position 00 (row - 0 and column - 0)
#tkinter.Entry(window).grid(row = 0, column = 1) # first input-field is placed on position 01 (row - 0 and column - 1)
ttk.Label(f, text = "Entry4").pack(side=TOP, anchor=NW,fill=tk.BOTH, pady=5, padx=5, expand=0)
self.txTest4 = ttk.Entry(f, textvariable=self.ent4).pack(side=TOP, anchor=NW,fill=tk.BOTH, pady=5, padx=5, expand=0)
self.lstItems = self.get_listbox(f, 140,140).pack(anchor=N)
w = ttk.Frame()
ttk.Button(w, text="Add",command=self.add_In).pack(side=TOP, anchor=NE)
ttk.Button(w, text="Clear", command=self.clear_Out).pack(side=TOP, anchor=NE)
ttk.Button(w, text="Close", command=self.on_close).pack(side=TOP, anchor=NE)
#f.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=1)
#w.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=1)
f.pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill=tk.BOTH, pady=5, padx=5, expand=1)
w.pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=1)
def add_In(self,):
#s = "IN {0:>30} {1}".format(str(datetime.now()), self.ent.get())
s = self.ent1.get()
self.set_list(s)
s = self.ent2.get()
self.set_list(s)
s = self.ent3.get()
self.set_list(s)
s = self.ent4.get()
self.set_list(s)
self.ent1.set('')
self.ent2.set('')
self.ent3.set('')
self.ent4.set('')
def clear_Out(self):
#s = "OUT {0:>29} {1}".format(str(datetime.now()), self.ent1.get())
#field_name.set('')
self.ent1.set('')
self.ent2.set('')
self.ent3.set('')
self.ent4.set('')
#self.set_list(s)
def set_list(self,s):
self.punches_list.append(s)
self.lstItems.delete(0, tk.END)
for i in self.punches_list:
self.lstItems.insert(tk.END, i)
def on_set(self):
self.check.set(1)
def on_close(self):
#self.destroy()
self.parent.on_exit()
def get_listbox(self, container, height=750, width=600):
sb = tk.Scrollbar(container,orient=tk.VERTICAL)
w = tk.Listbox(container,
relief=tk.GROOVE,
selectmode=tk.BROWSE,
height=height,
width=width,
background = 'white',
font='TkFixedFont',
yscrollcommand=sb.set,)
sb.config(command=w.yview)
w.pack(side=tk.LEFT,fill=tk.BOTH, expand =1)
sb.pack(fill=tk.Y, expand=1)
return w
class App(tk.Tk):
"""Start here"""
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.on_exit)
self.set_style()
self.set_title()
Main(self,)
def set_style(self):
self.style = ttk.Style()
#('winnative', 'clam', 'alt', 'default', 'classic', 'vista', 'xpnative')
self.style.theme_use("vista") #change to your liking :)
def set_title(self):
s = "{0}".format('Employee Time-Clock')
self.title(s)
self.destroy()
def on_exit(self):
window.destroy()
#self.destroy()
#sys.exit()
#"""Close all"""
#if messagebox.askokcancel( self.title(), "Do you want to quit?", parent=self):
# self.destroy()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = App()
app.mainloop()
Your code is a giant mess, brah ;D. What I gather from your question is that you need some kind of table. What I gather from your code is the table should have cells comprised of Label and Entry. You also want an interface to create entries. Below is an example of all of that. I don't really see anything to explain. It's just a bunch of Frame, Label, Entry and Button. The only real action is in Table. All that action is, is mathematically figuring out where to put the next Item. This is all really basic stuff.
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
#the entire bottom row of the app.
#has a dependency on self.master.table ~ not good OOP
class EntryManager(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, master, **kwargs):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, master, **kwargs)
self.grid_columnconfigure(5, weight=1)
font='Helvetica 10 bold'
tk.Label(self, text='Label', font=font, width=5).grid(row=0, column=0, padx=2)
lbl = tk.Entry(self, width=10, font=font)
lbl.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=2)
tk.Label(self, text='Entry', font=font, width=5).grid(row=0, column=2, padx=2)
ent = tk.Entry(self, width=25, font=font)
ent.grid(row=0, column=3, padx=2)
tk.Button(self, text='add', font=font, command=lambda: self.master.table.addItem(lbl.get(), ent.get())).grid(row=0, column=4, padx=2, sticky='w')
tk.Label(self, text='rows', font=font, width=4).grid(row=0, column=5, padx=2, sticky='e')
r = tk.Entry(self, width=4, font=font)
r.insert('end', self.master.table.rows)
r.grid(row=0, column=6, padx=2)
tk.Label(self, text='cols', font=font, width=4).grid(row=0, column=7, padx=2)
c = tk.Entry(self, width=4, font=font)
c.insert('end', self.master.table.cols)
c.grid(row=0, column=8, padx=2)
tk.Button(self, text='set', font=font, command=lambda: self.master.table.setDims(r.get(), c.get())).grid(row=0, column=9, padx=2, sticky='e')
#generic scrollable frame
class ScrollFrame(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, master, row=0, column=0, scrollspeed=.02, **kwargs):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, master, **kwargs)
self.grid(row=row, column=column, sticky='nswe')
self.scrollspeed = scrollspeed
self.canvas = tk.Canvas(self, highlightthickness=0)
self.canvas.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky='nswe')
self.v_scroll = tk.Scrollbar(self, orient='vertical', command=self.canvas.yview)
self.v_scroll.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky='ns')
self.canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=self.v_scroll.set)
self.canvas.bind_all('<MouseWheel>', self.on_mousewheel)
self.frame = tk.Frame(self.canvas, height=0)
self.frame.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frame.bind('<Configure>', lambda e:self.canvas.configure(scrollregion=self.canvas.bbox("all")))
self.canvas.create_window((0,0), window=self.frame, anchor="nw")
self.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
def on_mousewheel(self, event):
self.canvas.yview_moveto(self.v_scroll.get()[0]+((-event.delta/abs(event.delta))*self.scrollspeed))
#a table cell
class Item(tk.Frame):
#property
def value(self):
return self.__value.get()
#value.setter
def value(self, text):
self.__value.set(text)
def __init__(self, master, text, value, **kwargs):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, master, **kwargs)
tk.Label(self, text=text, width=10, font='none 8 bold').grid(row=0, column=0, pady=5, padx=5)
self.__value = tk.StringVar(value=value)
tk.Entry(self, textvariable=self.__value, width=25).grid(row=0, column=1, pady=5, padx=5)
#the table
class Table(ScrollFrame):
def __init__(self, master, rows=15, cols=3, **kwargs):
ScrollFrame.__init__(self, master, **kwargs)
self.entries = []
self.rows = rows
self.cols = cols
def addItem(self, text, value):
if len(self.entries) < self.rows*self.cols:
self.entries.append(Item(self.frame, text, value))
self.entries[-1].grid(row=(len(self.entries)-1)%self.rows, column=(len(self.entries)-1)//self.rows)
def getItem(self, row, column):
return self.entries[self.rows*column+row].value
def setDims(self, rows, cols):
if rows.isnumeric():
self.rows = int(rows)
if cols.isnumeric():
self.cols = int(cols)
for ent in self.entries:
ent.grid_forget()
for i, ent in enumerate(self.entries):
if i < self.rows*self.cols:
ent.grid(row=i%self.rows, column=i//self.rows)
class App(tk.Tk):
WIDTH, HEIGHT, TITLE = 770, 465, 'Application'
def __init__(self):
tk.Tk.__init__(self)
ttk.Style().theme_use("vista")
self.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.table = Table(self, rows=20, cols=3)
self.table.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nswe')
EntryManager(self).grid(row=1, column=0, sticky='nswe', ipady=5)
#junk for testing
for i in range(12):
self.table.addItem(f'entry_{i}', f'data {i}')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = App()
app.config(background='black')
app.title(App.TITLE)
app.geometry(f'{App.WIDTH}x{App.HEIGHT}')
#app.resizable(width=False, height=False)
app.mainloop()
Might as well dump the table keys in the table and see what happens. The sizes and alignments of things could use some work.
Thanks for taking time to look at this. I've been struggling with this for almost a week and its driving me crazy.
I have a horizontal Paned Window which is supposed to stretch from the bottom of my toolbar to the bottom of my window, but it's sticking only to the bottom of the root window. Eventually I want to have a Treeview widget in the left pane and thumbnails in the right pane.
Can anyone help me to get the Paned Window to stick NSEW? Do I need to put it inside another frame?
I'm using Python 2.7 on Windows 7. (This isn't my whole program, just a sample to demonstrate the problem.)
#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding=utf-8
from Tkinter import *
from ttk import *
class MainWindow:
def null(self):
pass
def __init__(self):
self.root = Tk()
self.root.geometry("700x300")
self.root.resizable(width=TRUE, height=TRUE)
self.root.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.root.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.menubar = Menu(self.root)
File_menu = Menu(self.menubar, tearoff=0)
self.menubar.add_cascade(label="Pandoras Box", menu=File_menu)
File_menu.add_command(label="Black Hole", command=self.null)
self.root.config(menu=self.menubar)
self.toolbar = Frame(self.root, relief=RAISED)
self.toolbar.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='NEW')
self.toolbar.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.toolbar.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
dummy = Button(self.toolbar, text="Tool Button")
dummy.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='EW')
Find = Label(self.toolbar, text="Search")
Search = Entry(self.toolbar)
Find.grid(row=0, column=5, sticky='E', padx=6)
Search.grid(row=0, column=6, sticky='E', padx=8)
self.info_column = Frame(self.root, relief=RAISED, width=100)
self.info_column.grid(row=0, column=5, rowspan=3, sticky='NSW')
self.info_column.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.info_column.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.rootpane = PanedWindow(self.root, orient=HORIZONTAL)
self.rootpane.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky='NS')
self.rootpane.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.rootpane.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.leftpane = Frame(self.rootpane, relief=RAISED)
self.leftpane.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='NSEW')
self.rightpane = Frame(self.rootpane, relief=RAISED)
self.rightpane.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='NSEW')
''' THESE BUTTONS ARE SUPPOSED TO BE INSIDE PANED WINDOW STUCK TO THE TOP!'''
but_left = Button(self.leftpane, text="SHOULD BE IN LEFT PANE UNDER TOOLBAR FRAME")
but_left.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='NEW')
but_right = Button(self.rightpane, text="SHOULD BE IN RIGHT PANE UNDER TOOLBAR FRAME")
but_right.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='NEW')
self.rootpane.add(self.leftpane)
self.rootpane.add(self.rightpane)
self.SbarMesg = StringVar()
self.label = Label(self.root, textvariable=self.SbarMesg, font=('arial', 8, 'normal'))
self.SbarMesg.set('Status Bar:')
self.label.grid(row=3, column=0, columnspan=6, sticky='SEW')
self.label.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.label.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.root.mainloop()
a = MainWindow()
Short answer: the space you see between the buttons and the toolbar frame is because you allow the row containing the toolbar to resize, instead of the row containing the PanedWindow... To get what you want, replace:
self.root.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
with
self.root.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
Other comments:
Try to avoid wildcard imports. In this case, it makes it difficult to differentiate between tk and ttk widgets
To allow resizing of widgets aligned using grid(), .rowconfigure(..., weight=x) must be called on the widget's parent not the widget itself.
background colors are very useful to debug alignment issues in tkinter.
Code:
import Tkinter as tk
import ttk
class MainWindow:
def __init__(self):
self.root = tk.Tk()
self.root.geometry("700x300")
self.root.resizable(width=tk.TRUE, height=tk.TRUE)
self.root.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
self.root.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.toolbar = tk.Frame(self.root, relief=tk.RAISED, bg="yellow")
self.toolbar.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='NEW')
self.toolbar.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
dummy = ttk.Button(self.toolbar, text="Tool Button")
dummy.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='EW')
Find = tk.Label(self.toolbar, text="Search")
Search = ttk.Entry(self.toolbar)
Find.grid(row=0, column=5, sticky='E', padx=6)
Search.grid(row=0, column=6, sticky='E', padx=8)
self.info_column = tk.Frame(self.root, relief=tk.RAISED, width=100, bg="orange")
self.info_column.grid(row=0, column=5, rowspan=2, sticky='NSW')
self.rootpane = tk.PanedWindow(self.root, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL, bg="blue")
self.rootpane.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky='NSEW')
self.leftpane = tk.Frame(self.rootpane, bg="pink")
self.rootpane.add(self.leftpane)
self.rightpane = tk.Frame(self.rootpane, bg="red")
self.rootpane.add(self.rightpane)
''' THESE BUTTONS ARE SUPPOSED TO BE INSIDE PANED WINDOW STUCK TO THE TOP!'''
but_left = ttk.Button(self.leftpane, text="SHOULD BE IN LEFT PANE UNDER TOOLBAR FRAME")
but_left.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='NEW')
but_right = ttk.Button(self.rightpane, text="SHOULD BE IN RIGHT PANE UNDER TOOLBAR FRAME")
but_right.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='NEW')
self.label = tk.Label(self.root, text="Status:", anchor="w")
self.label.grid(row=3, column=0, columnspan=6, sticky='SEW')
self.root.mainloop()
a = MainWindow()
I tried to find out why, but maybe don't know the right questions. I have a project where I'm trying to create a dashboard for my car. The problem is that when I try to make a canvas object from another class appear my GUI starts but does not show anything. If I start the GUI without asking for the canvas to appear the GUI works and shows the screen. I'm new to Python. My version is 3.5
My Main program:
from tkinter import*
from helperThingys import Helpers
root = Tk()
root.geometry("800x480")
bgLeft = Frame(root, bg="black", width=200, height=480)
bgLeft.pack_configure(fill=BOTH, expand=1, side=LEFT)
bgMiddle = Frame(root, bg="black", width=400, height=480)
bgMiddle.pack_configure(fill=BOTH, expand=1, side=LEFT)
bgRight = Frame(root, bg="black", width=200, height=480)
bgRight.pack_configure(fill=BOTH, expand=1, side=LEFT)
# These are really gif images read to labels to be able to grid them
# now just plain text labels for convenience.
label_4hi = Label(bgLeft, text="ok", bg="green")
label_4lo = Label(bgLeft, text="ok", bg="green")
label_lock = Label(bgLeft, text="ok", bg="green")
label_batt = Label(bgMiddle, text="ok", bg="red")
label_fuelF = Label(bgLeft, text="ok", bg="orange")
label_glow = Label(bgLeft, text="ok", bg="yellow")
label_hb = Label(bgMiddle, text="ok", bg="blue")
label_indL = Label(bgMiddle, text="ok", bg="green")
label_indR = Label(bgMiddle, text="ok", bg="green")
label_lowFuel = Label(bgLeft, text="ok", bg="red")
label_lowOil = Label(bgLeft, text="ok", bg="red")
label_park = Label(bgMiddle, text="ok", bg="red")
label_pwrS = Label(bgLeft, text="ok", bg="red")
label_rFog = Label(bgLeft, text="ok", bg="orange")
label_temp = Label(bgLeft, text="ok", bg="red")
label_gauge = Label(bgMiddle, text="ok", bg="red")
# Middle frame
bgMiddle.rowconfigure(0, minsize=46, weight=1)
bgMiddle.rowconfigure(1, minsize=217, weight=5)
bgMiddle.rowconfigure(2, minsize=217, weight=5)
bgMiddle.columnconfigure(0, minsize=80)
bgMiddle.columnconfigure(1, minsize=80)
bgMiddle.columnconfigure(2, minsize=80)
bgMiddle.columnconfigure(3, minsize=80)
bgMiddle.columnconfigure(4, minsize=80)
label_indL.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=E+N+W)
label_hb.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=E+N+S+W)
label_park.grid(row=0, column=2, sticky=E+N+S+W)
label_batt.grid(row=0, column=3, sticky=E+N+S+W)
label_indR.grid(row=0, column=4, sticky=E+N+S+W)
# Left frame
bgLeft.rowconfigure(0, minsize=46, weight=1)
bgLeft.rowconfigure(1, minsize=46, weight=1)
bgLeft.rowconfigure(2, minsize=46, weight=1)
bgLeft.rowconfigure(3, minsize=46, weight=1)
bgLeft.rowconfigure(4, minsize=46, weight=1)
bgLeft.columnconfigure(0, minsize=100)
bgLeft.columnconfigure(1, minsize=100)
label_4hi.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=E+N+S+W)
label_4lo.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=E+N+S+W)
label_lock.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=E+N+S+W)
label_pwrS.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=E+N+S+W)
label_rFog.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=E+N+S+W)
label_lowFuel.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=E+N+S+W)
label_lowOil.grid(row=3, column=0, sticky=E+N+S+W)
label_temp.grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=E+N+S+W)
label_fuelF.grid(row=4, column=0, sticky=E+N+S+W)
label_glow.grid(row=4, column=1, sticky=E+N+S+W)
# Middle frame
speedo = helpers.Gauge()
speedo.makeGauge(bgMiddle, 150, "speed")
speedo.grid(row=1, columnspan=5, sticky=E+N+S+W)
#label_gauge.grid(row=1, columnspan=5, sticky=E+N+S+W)
# Right Frame
#oilPres = Gauge(bgRight, 150, "oilPres")
root.mainloop()
And here is the 'helpers.py' from helperThingys package.
from tkinter import Canvas
class Gauge(Canvas):
def __init__(self):
Canvas.__init__(self)
pass
def makeGauge(self, window, value, gaugeType):
if gaugeType == "speed":
baseCanvas = Canvas(window, bg="black", width=400, height=217,
highlightthickness=0)
baseCanvas.create_arc([10, 5, 390, 395], start=0, extent=180,
fill="white")
return baseCanvas
I'm using the canvases as the background for the gauges. The strange thing was that this 'helpers.py' worked and created the canvases to my GUI when it was not a class but a module:
def makeGauge(self, window, value, gaugeType):
if gaugeType == "speed":
baseCanvas = Canvas(window, bg="black", width=400, height=217,
highlightthickness=0)
baseCanvas.create_arc([10, 5, 390, 395], start=0, extent=180,
fill="white")
return baseCanvas
... and so on (the module was then in the same package as the GUI). That's why I know that the canvases work with the GUI. What am I doing wrong when using them in a class?
Thank you for your answers.
Your problem is that Gauge both is a subclass of Canvas and creates one or more other canvases (that are, oddly, a child of some other window).
When you call makeGauge, this creates the second canvas, and returns it. However, you don't save a reference and you never call pack, place or grid on this second canvas so it never shows up.
I don't know what you're intending to do with the two canvases, but I'm guessing you really only want one. I suggest making the class like this, where you pass all arguments in at the time you create the canvas, so that you can create the gauge in a single step:
class Gauge(Canvas):
def __init__(self, parent, value, gaugeType):
Canvas.__init__(self, parent)
self.makeGauge(value, gaugeType)
def makeGauge(self, value, gaugeType):
if gaugeType == "speed":
self.configure(bg="black", width=400, height=217,
highlightthickness=0)
self.create_arc([10, 5, 390, 395], start=0, extent=180,
fill="white")
elif gaugeType == "rpm":
...
speedo = Gauge(bgMiddle, 150, "speed")
speedo.grid(...)
If you want to keep both canvases, or you decide to make Gauge inherit from something else, you need to save the reference that is returned by makeGauge, and then add it to the display:
gauge = speedo.makeGauge(bgMiddle, 150, "speed")
gauge.grid(row=1, columnspan=5, sticky=E+N+S+W)
I need this simple form to:
1) correctly expand the fields when the window size is adjusted and
2) correctly scroll the list of fields.
I've tried every way I can think of and only 1 of the 2 above conditions are ever true. This code expands properly but does not scroll. Without frame2, and adding the fields to frame or canvas the opposite is true.
class test(Tkinter.Tk):
def __init__(self,parent):
Tkinter.Tk.__init__(self,parent)
self.parent = parent
self.initialize()
def makeform(self, root, fields):
i = 0
for field in fields:
Label(root, text=field + ": ", anchor=W).grid(row=i)
entry = Entry(root)
entry.grid(row=i, column=1, sticky=E+W)
entries[field] = entry
i += 1
def initialize(self):
frame = Frame(self)
frame.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
frame.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
frame.grid(sticky=N+S+E+W)
canvas = Canvas(frame, width=900, height=800, bg='pink')
canvas.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=N+S+E+W)
canvas.columnconfigure(0,weight=1)
canvas.rowconfigure(0,weight=1)
frame2 = Frame(canvas)
frame2.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=N+S+E+W)
frame2.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
vscrollbar = Scrollbar(frame2,orient=VERTICAL)
vscrollbar.grid(row=0, column=2, sticky=N+S)
vscrollbar.config(command=canvas.yview)
canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=vscrollbar.set)
self.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
names = {'a','long','list','of','names','here'}
self.makeform(frame2, names)
Button(self, text='Quit', command=self.quit).grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W, pady=4)
canvas.create_window(0, 0)
canvas.config(scrollregion=canvas.bbox(ALL))
self.grid()
if __name__ == "__main__":
entries = {}
app = test(None)
app.title('Hi ')
app.mainloop()
Update
Integrating Bryan's example below, this works for scrolling but does not expand the fields when the window is resized. I tried adding weight=1 to the second column of the frame but it does not help. How do I prevent the frame from shrinking?
class test(Tkinter.Frame):
def __init__(self,parent):
Tkinter.Frame.__init__(self, root)
self.canvas = Tkinter.Canvas(root, borderwidth=0, background="#ffffff")
self.frame = Tkinter.Frame(self.canvas, background="#ffffff")
self.vsb = Tkinter.Scrollbar(root, orient="vertical", command=self.canvas.yview)
self.canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=self.vsb.set)
self.vsb.pack(side="right", fill="y")
self.canvas.pack(side="left", fill="both", expand=True)
self.canvas.create_window((0,0), window=self.frame, anchor="nw",
tags="self.frame")
self.frame.bind("<Configure>", self.onFrameConfigure)
self.populate()
def onFrameConfigure(self, event):
'''Reset the scroll region to encompass the inner frame'''
self.canvas.configure(scrollregion=self.canvas.bbox("all"))
def makeform(self, fields):
i = 0
for field in fields:
Label(self.frame, text=field + ": ", anchor=W).grid(row=i)
entry = Entry(self.frame)
entry.grid(row=i, column=1, sticky=E+W)
entries[field] = entry
i += 1
Button(self.frame, text='Quit', command=self.quit).grid(row=i, column=0, sticky=W, pady=4)
def populate(self):
names = {'a','long','list','of','names','here'}
self.makeform(names)
self.frame.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
self.frame.grid_columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
if __name__ == "__main__":
entries = {}
root=Tk()
test(root).pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
root.mainloop()
There are at least three problems in your code.
First, the frame to be scrolled must be a part of the canvas. You can't use pack or grid to place it in the canvas, you must use create_window. You're calling create_window but you aren't telling it what window to add.
Second, the scrollbars are children of the frame, but I'm assuming those are the scrollbars you want to scroll the canvas. The need to be outside of the inner frame, and outside of the canvas.
Third, you need to set up a binding to the canvas's <Configure> event so that you can resize the inner frame and recompute the scrollregion of the canvas.
A complete working example of a scrollable frame is in this answer: https://stackoverflow.com/a/3092341/7432
Based on the example from Dynamically changing scrollregion of a canvas in Tkinter, I am trying to implement a Frame where you can add and delete entries in a scrollable Frame using tkinter. My Problem is that the Frame holding items does not resize after deleting entries. When adding entries, it resizes correctly. I call update_layout() in both cases:
from tkinter import *
class ScrollableContainer(Frame):
"""A scrollable container that can contain a number of messages"""
def __init__(self, master, **kwargs):
Frame.__init__(self, master, **kwargs) #holds canvas & scrollbars
# configure row and col to take additional space if there is some
self.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
# create canvas
self.canv = Canvas(self, bd=0, highlightthickness=0)
# create scrollbars
self.hScroll = Scrollbar(self, orient='horizontal',
command=self.canv.xview)
self.hScroll.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky='we')
self.vScroll = Scrollbar(self, orient='vertical',
command=self.canv.yview)
self.vScroll.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky='ns')
# set postiotion of canvas in (self-)Frame
self.canv.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nsew')
self.canv.configure(xscrollcommand=self.hScroll.set,
yscrollcommand=self.vScroll.set)
# create frame to hold messages in canvas
self.frm = Frame(self.canv, bd=2, bg='gray') #holds messages
self.frm.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
# create empty tkinter widget (self.frm) on the canvas
self.canv.create_window(0, 0, window=self.frm, anchor='nw', tags='inner')
# update layout
self.update_layout()
# on change of size or location this event is fired. The event provides new width an height to callback function on_configure
self.canv.bind('<Configure>', self.on_configure)
self.widget_list = []
# update and resize layout
def update_layout(self):
print('update')
self.frm.update_idletasks()
self.canv.configure(scrollregion=self.canv.bbox('all'))
self.size = self.frm.grid_size()
# resize canvas and scroll region depending on content
def on_configure(self, event):
print('on_configure')
# get new size of canvas
w,h = event.width, event.height
# get size of frm required to display all content
natural = self.frm.winfo_reqwidth()
self.canv.itemconfigure('inner', width= w if w>natural else natural)
self.canv.configure(scrollregion=self.canv.bbox('all'))
# add new entry and update layout
def add_message(self, text):
print('add message')
# create var to represent states
int_var = IntVar()
cb = Checkbutton(self.frm, text=text, variable=int_var)
cb.grid(row=self.size[1], column=0, padx=1, pady=1, sticky='we')
self.widget_list.append(cb)
self.update_layout()
# delete all messages
def del_message(self):
print('del message')
for it in self.widget_list:
it.destroy()
self.update_layout()
root = Tk()
root.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
root.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
sc = ScrollableContainer(root, bd=2, bg='black')
sc.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nsew')
def new_message():
test = 'Something Profane'
sc.add_message(test)
def del_message():
sc.del_message()
b = Button(root, text='New Message', command=new_message)
b.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky='we')
del_b = Button(root, text='Del Message', command=del_message)
del_b.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky='we')
root.mainloop()
I was working on something similar so I took my code and merged it with yours for the answer.
Here is a scrollingFrame class that will add scrollbars and remove them whenever the box is resized. Then there is a second class for your message list that will tell the scrollingFrame to readjust itself as necessary whenever items are added/deleted.
class scrollingFrame(Frame):
def __init__(self, parentObject, background):
Frame.__init__(self, parentObject, background = background)
self.canvas = Canvas(self, borderwidth=0, background = background, highlightthickness=0)
self.frame = Frame(self.canvas, background = background)
self.vsb = Scrollbar(self, orient="vertical", command=self.canvas.yview, background=background)
self.canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=self.vsb.set)
self.vsb.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=N+S)
self.hsb = Scrollbar(self, orient="horizontal", command=self.canvas.xview, background=background)
self.canvas.configure(xscrollcommand=self.hsb.set)
self.hsb.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=E+W)
self.canvas.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=N+S+E+W)
self.window = self.canvas.create_window(0,0, window=self.frame, anchor="nw", tags="self.frame")
self.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frame.bind("<Configure>", self.onFrameConfigure)
self.canvas.bind("<Configure>", self.onCanvasConfigure)
def onFrameConfigure(self, event):
#Reset the scroll region to encompass the inner frame
self.canvas.configure(scrollregion=self.canvas.bbox("all"))
def onCanvasConfigure(self, event):
#Resize the inner frame to match the canvas
minWidth = self.frame.winfo_reqwidth()
minHeight = self.frame.winfo_reqheight()
if self.winfo_width() >= minWidth:
newWidth = self.winfo_width()
#Hide the scrollbar when not needed
self.hsb.grid_remove()
else:
newWidth = minWidth
#Show the scrollbar when needed
self.hsb.grid()
if self.winfo_height() >= minHeight:
newHeight = self.winfo_height()
#Hide the scrollbar when not needed
self.vsb.grid_remove()
else:
newHeight = minHeight
#Show the scrollbar when needed
self.vsb.grid()
self.canvas.itemconfig(self.window, width=newWidth, height=newHeight)
class messageList(object):
def __init__(self, scrollFrame, innerFrame):
self.widget_list = []
self.innerFrame = innerFrame
self.scrollFrame = scrollFrame
# Keep a dummy empty row if the list is empty
self.placeholder = Label(self.innerFrame, text=" ")
self.placeholder.grid(row=0, column=0)
# add new entry and update layout
def add_message(self, text):
print('add message')
self.placeholder.grid_remove()
# create var to represent states
int_var = IntVar()
cb = Checkbutton(self.innerFrame, text=text, variable=int_var)
cb.grid(row=self.innerFrame.grid_size()[1], column=0, padx=1, pady=1, sticky='we')
self.widget_list.append(cb)
self.innerFrame.update_idletasks()
self.scrollFrame.onCanvasConfigure(None)
# delete all messages
def del_message(self):
print('del message')
for it in self.widget_list:
it.destroy()
self.placeholder.grid()
self.innerFrame.update_idletasks()
self.scrollFrame.onCanvasConfigure(None)
deviceBkgColor = "#FFFFFF"
root = Tk() # Makes the window
root.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
root.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
root.wm_title("Title") # Makes the title that will appear in the top left
root.config(background = deviceBkgColor)
myFrame = scrollingFrame(root, background = deviceBkgColor)
myFrame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=N+S+E+W)
msgList = messageList(myFrame, myFrame.frame)
def new_message():
test = 'Something Profane'
msgList.add_message(test)
def del_message():
msgList.del_message()
b = Button(root, text='New Message', command=new_message)
b.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky='we')
del_b = Button(root, text='Del Message', command=del_message)
del_b.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky='we')
root.mainloop() #start monitoring and updating the GUI