I have a Python code that sorts the folders inside a folder.
However, I want to print the name of the second folder and not all of them.
Any suggestions?
for root,dirs,files in os.walk("C:\\Folder testing"):
for dirname in sorted(dirs, key=int, reverse=True):
print(dirs)
I wouldn't use os.walk for printing just one folder.
I'd rather make a list of all the folders, and then select the one I want:
some_path = "C:\\Folder testing"
dirs = [f for f in os.listdir(some_path) if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(some_path, f))]
dirs_sorted = sorted(dirs, key=int, reverse=True)
try:
print dirs_sorted[1]
except IndexError:
print "Folder doesn't exist"
Beware that your sorting method requires that the folders names are numbers only.
Related
I want to recursively walk through a directory, find the files that match any of the strings in a given list, and then copy these files to another folder. I thought the any() function would accomplish this, but I get a TypeError that it expected a string, not a list. Is there a more elegant way to do this?
string_to_match = ['apple.txt', 'pear.txt', 'banana.txt']
for root, subdirs, filename in os.walk(source_dir)
if any(s in filename for s in string_to_match):
shutil.copy(filename, destination_dir)
print(filename)
I know glob.glob can work well for finding files that match a specific string or pattern, but I haven't been able to find an answer that allows for multiple matches.
You can just use in
Example:
string_to_match = ['apple.txt', 'pear.txt', 'banana.txt']
for root, subdirs, filename in os.walk(source_dir)
if filename in string_to_match:
shutil.copy(filename, destination_dir)
print(filename)
Here also a glob version:
import glob
import itertools
root_dir = '/home/user'
files = ['apple.txt', 'pear.txt', 'banana.txt']
files_found = list(itertools.chain.from_iterable([glob.glob(f'{root_dir}/**/{f}', recursive=True) for f in files])
for f in files_found:
shutil.copy(f, destination_dir)
First, find an element in list takes O(n), so just convert it to a set which takes O(1).
Then you can do like this
string_to_match = {'apple.txt', 'pear.txt', 'banana.txt'}
for filename in os.listdir(source_dir):
if filename in string_to_match:
shutil.copy(filename, destination_dir)
print(filename)
I would use sets
def find_names(names,source_dir):
names = set(names)
# note os.walk will walk the subfolders too
# if you just want that source_dir use `strings_to_match.intersection(os.listdir(sourcedir))`
for root,subdirs,fnames in os.walk(sourcedir):
for matched_name in strings_to_match.intersection(fnames):
yield os.path.join(root,matched_name)
strings_to_match = ['apple.txt', 'pear.txt', 'banana.txt']
for match in find_names(strings_to_match,'/path/to/start'):
print("Match:", match)
[edited] typo intersection not intersect
(you could alternatively just pass in a set {'a','b','c'} instead of a list ['a','b','c'] and skip the conversion to a set)
here is an alternative that only looks in the source dir (not children)
def find_names_in_folder(names,source_dir):
return [os.path.join(source_dir,n) for n in set(names).intersection(os.listdir(source_dir))]
I would like to get the same list structure that i am getting in this approach but i get a full list instead which i would have to break down manually and it kills the "automate the task".
For example, I have a folder called test with 4 subfolders called A,B,C,D and inside each folder we can find files file1, file2, file3.
import os
import openpyxl
#Create a regex that matches files with the american date format
path = r'C:\Users\Dell_G7_15\Desktop\test'
pathWalk = os.walk(path)
fileIndex = os.listdir(path)
wb = openpyxl.Workbook()
i=0
filenames = []
filesPathLink=[]
for foldernames in pathWalk:
filenames.append(foldernames[-1]) #creating list of filenames
i= i+1
filenames.pop(0) #delete first value of the list that causes error
print(filenames)
When i print filenames i get:
[['file1', 'file2', 'file3'],['file1', 'file2', 'file3'],['file1', 'file2', 'file3']]
I am looking for the same list structure but to get the full path of each one and it would look like this:
[['../A/file1', '../A/file2', '../A/file3'],[....],[....]]
Is this what you are looking for?
For the following folder and sub folders -
# root/
# -img0.jpg
# sub1/
# -img1.jpg
# -img1 copy.jpg
# sub2/
# -img2.jpg
# subsub1/
# -img3.jpg
path = '/Users/name/Desktop/root'
[[r+'/'+fname for fname in f] for r,d,f in os.walk(path)]
[['/Users/name/Desktop/root/img0.jpg'],
['/Users/name/Desktop/root/sub1/img1 copy.jpg',
'/Users/name/Desktop/root/sub1/img1.jpg'],
['/Users/name/Desktop/root/sub2/img2.jpg'],
['/Users/name/Desktop/root/sub2/subsub1/img3.jpg']]
For completion sake, if anyone is looking for a flat list of all files with paths inside a multi-level folder structure then try this -
[r+'/'+fname for r,d,f in os.walk(path) for fname in f]
['/Users/name/Desktop/root/img0.jpg',
'/Users/name/Desktop/root/sub1/img1 copy.jpg',
'/Users/name/Desktop/root/sub1/img1.jpg',
'/Users/name/Desktop/root/sub2/img2.jpg',
'/Users/name/Desktop/root/sub2/subsub1/img3.jpg']
EDIT: Simple loop without a list comprehension
filepaths = []
for r,d,f in os.walk(path):
l = []
for fname in f:
l.append(r+'/'+fname)
filepaths.append(l)
print(filepaths)
[['/Users/name/Desktop/root/img0.jpg'],
['/Users/name/Desktop/root/sub1/img1 copy.jpg',
'/Users/name/Desktop/root/sub1/img1.jpg'],
['/Users/name/Desktop/root/sub2/img2.jpg'],
['/Users/name/Desktop/root/sub2/subsub1/img3.jpg']]
I am trying to setup a specific folder/file structure, which I will then copy into my test setup. I want a list of unique folders, that I can then create.
How to I get root into a list?
If I do the following:
for root, dirs, filenames in os.walk(path):
print root
I get:
/Users/Me/Folder
/Users/Me/Folder/SubFolder
But as I want use it in a for-loop it gets messed up.
for root, dirs, filenames in os.walk(path):
for x in root:
print x
and I get this result:
/
U
s
e
r
s
/
M
e
/
F
o
l
.
.
. and so on
To get an variable you are iterating over into a list simply append it to a list:
list = []
for root, dirs, filenames in os.walk(path):
list.append(root)
To create a list of folders you can simple use os.mkdir(path):
for path in list:
os.mkdir(path)
if you want an additional print statement to see which folders you created use:
for path in list:
os.mkdir(path)
print("created:{}".format(path))
Finally I found the answer:
for root, dirs, filenames in os.walk(src_path):
for x in root.splitlines():
print x
Im getting this error and i have no idea what it means, i can get the program to print the files from there values but its just a long incoherent now im trying to get it to print it in an organized manor and thats where the issues arise.
import os
def listfiles (path):
files = []
for dirName, subdirList, fileList in os.walk(path):
dir = dirName.replace(path, '')
for fname in fileList:
files.append(os.path.join(dir, fname))
return files
a = input('Enter a primary file path: ')
b = input('Enter a secondary file path: ')
x = listfiles(a)
y = llistfiles(b)
files_only_x = set(x) - set (y)
files_only_y = set(y) - set (x)
this next line of code is where python is saying the error is
for dirName, subdirList, fileList in files_only_x:
print ('Directory: %s' % dirName)
for fname in fileList:
print ('\%s' % fname)
Your files_only_x is a set of single values; your listfiles() function returns a list of strings, not of tuples with 3 values:
for fname in files_only_x:
print ('\\%s' % fname)
You built files as a list of strings, therefore the loop in your 2nd code block is wrong as it suggests files is list of 3-value tuples.
Look at the data flow:
You call listfiles() with a path. It collects all files below that path in a list.
(BTW, IMHO dir = dirName.replace(path, '') is dangerous. What happens if path is lib/ and you encouter a sub path lib/misc/collected/lib/whatever? While this path males not much sense, it might have been created...)
You return this list from listfiles() and then convert them into sets.
If you try to iterate over these sets, you get one path per iteration step.
I compare two text files and print out the results to a 3rd file. I am trying to make it so the script i'm running would iterate over all of the folders that have two text files in them, in the CWD of the script.
What i have so far:
import os
import glob
path = './'
for infile in glob.glob( os.path.join(path, '*.*') ):
print('current file is: ' + infile)
with open (f1+'.txt', 'r') as fin1, open(f2+'.txt', 'r') as fin2:
Would this be a good way to start the iteration process?
It's not the most clear code but it gets the job done. However, i'm pretty sure i need to take the logic out of the read / write methods but i'm not sure where to start.
What i'm basically trying to do is have a script iterate over all of the folders in its CWD, open each folder, compare the two text files inside, write a 3rd text file to the same folder, then move on to the next.
Another method i have tried is as follows:
import os
rootDir = 'C:\\Python27\\test'
for dirName, subdirList, fileList in os.walk(rootDir):
print('Found directory: %s' % dirName)
for fname in fileList:
print('\t%s' % fname)
And this outputs the following (to give you a better example of the file structure:
Found directory: C:\Python27\test
test.py
Found directory: C:\Python27\test\asdd
asd1.txt
asd2.txt
Found directory: C:\Python27\test\chro
ch1.txt
ch2.txt
Found directory: C:\Python27\test\hway
hw1.txt
hw2.txt
Would it be wise to put the compare logic under the for fname in fileList? How do i make sure it compares the two text files inside the specific folder and not with other fnames in the fileList?
This is the full code that i am trying to add this functionality into. I appologize for the Frankenstein nature of it but i am still working on a refined version but it does not work yet.
from collections import defaultdict
from operator import itemgetter
from itertools import groupby
from collections import deque
import os
class avs_auto:
def load_and_compare(self, input_file1, input_file2, output_file1, output_file2, result_file):
self.load(input_file1, input_file2, output_file1, output_file2)
self.compare(output_file1, output_file2)
self.final(result_file)
def load(self, fileIn1, fileIn2, fileOut1, fileOut2):
with open(fileIn1+'.txt') as fin1, open(fileIn2+'.txt') as fin2:
frame_rects = defaultdict(list)
for row in (map(str, line.split()) for line in fin1):
id, frame, rect = row[0], row[2], [row[3],row[4],row[5],row[6]]
frame_rects[frame].append(id)
frame_rects[frame].append(rect)
frame_rects2 = defaultdict(list)
for row in (map(str, line.split()) for line in fin2):
id, frame, rect = row[0], row[2], [row[3],row[4],row[5],row[6]]
frame_rects2[frame].append(id)
frame_rects2[frame].append(rect)
with open(fileOut1+'.txt', 'w') as fout1, open(fileOut2+'.txt', 'w') as fout2:
for frame, rects in sorted(frame_rects.iteritems()):
fout1.write('{{{}:{}}}\n'.format(frame, rects))
for frame, rects in sorted(frame_rects2.iteritems()):
fout2.write('{{{}:{}}}\n'.format(frame, rects))
def compare(self, fileOut1, fileOut2):
with open(fileOut1+'.txt', 'r') as fin1:
with open(fileOut2+'.txt', 'r') as fin2:
lines1 = fin1.readlines()
lines2 = fin2.readlines()
diff_lines = [l.strip() for l in lines1 if l not in lines2]
diffs = defaultdict(list)
with open(fileOut1+'x'+fileOut2+'.txt', 'w') as result_file:
for line in diff_lines:
d = eval(line)
for k in d:
list_ids = d[k]
for i in range(0, len(d[k]), 2):
diffs[d[k][i]].append(k)
for id_ in diffs:
diffs[id_].sort()
for k, g in groupby(enumerate(diffs[id_]), lambda (i, x): i - x):
group = map(itemgetter(1), g)
result_file.write('{0} {1} {2}\n'.format(id_, group[0], group[-1]))
def final(self, result_file):
with open(result_file+'.txt', 'r') as fin:
lines = (line.split() for line in fin)
for k, g in groupby(lines, itemgetter(0)):
fst = next(g)
lst = next(iter(deque(g, 1)), fst)
with open('final/{}.avs'.format(k), 'w') as fout:
fout.write('video0=ImageSource("old\%06d.jpeg", {}-3, {}+3, 15)\n'.format(fst[1], lst[2]))
fout.write('video1=ImageSource("new\%06d.jpeg", {}-3, {}+3, 15)\n'.format(fst[1], lst[2]))
fout.write('video0=BilinearResize(video0,640,480)\n')
fout.write('video1=BilinearResize(video1,640,480)\n')
fout.write('StackHorizontal(video0,video1)\n')
fout.write('Subtitle("ID: {}", font="arial", size=30, align=8)'.format(k))
using the load_and_compare() function, i define two input text files, two output text files, a file for the comparison results and a final phase that writes many files for all of the differences.
What i am trying to do is have this whole class run on the current working directory and go through every sub folder, compare the two text files, and write everything into the same folder, specifically the final() results.
You can indeed use os.walk(), since that already separates the directories from the files. You only need the directories it returns, because that's where you're looking for your 2 specific files.
You could also use os.listdir() but that returns directories as well files in the same list, so you would have to check for directories yourself.
Either way, once you have the directories, you iterate over them (for subdir in dirnames) and join the various path components you have: The dirpath, the subdir name that you got from iterating over the list and your filename.
Assuming there are also some directories that don't have the specific 2 files, it's a good idea to wrap the open() calls in a try..except block and thus ignore the directories where one of the files (or both of them) doesn't exist.
Finally, if you used os.walk(), you can easily choose if you only want to go into directories one level deep or walk the whole depth of the tree. In the former case, you just clear the dirnames list by dirnames[:] = []. Note that dirnames = [] wouldn't work, since that would just create a new empty list and put that reference into the variable instead of clearing the old list.
Replace the print("do something ...") with your program logic.
#!/usr/bin/env python
import errno
import os
f1 = "test1"
f2 = "test2"
path = "."
for dirpath, dirnames, _ in os.walk(path):
for subdir in dirnames:
filepath1, filepath2 = [os.path.join(dirpath, subdir, f + ".txt") for f in f1, f2]
try:
with open(filepath1, 'r') as fin1, open(filepath2, 'r') as fin2:
print("do something with " + str(fin1) + " and " + str(fin2))
except IOError as e:
# ignore directiories that don't contain the 2 files
if e.errno != errno.ENOENT:
# reraise exception if different from "file or directory doesn't exist"
raise
# comment the next line out if you want to traverse all subsubdirectories
dirnames[:] = []
Edit:
Based on your comments, I hope I understand your question better now.
Try the following code snippet instead. The overall structure stays the same, only now I'm using the returned filenames of os.walk(). Unfortunately, that would also make it harder to do something like "go only into the subdirectories 1 level deep", so I hope walking the tree recursively is fine with you. If not, I'll have to add a little code to later.
#!/usr/bin/env python
import fnmatch
import os
filter_pattern = "*.txt"
path = "."
for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(path):
# comment this out if you don't want to filter
filenames = [fn for fn in filenames if fnmatch.fnmatch(fn, filter_pattern)]
if len(filenames) == 2:
# comment this out if you don't want the 2 filenames to be sorted
filenames.sort(key=str.lower)
filepath1, filepath2 = [os.path.join(dirpath, fn) for fn in filenames]
with open(filepath1, 'r') as fin1, open(filepath2, 'r') as fin2:
print("do something with " + str(fin1) + " and " + str(fin2))
I'm still not really sure what your program logic does, so you will have to interface the two yourself.
However, I noticed that you're adding the ".txt" extension to the file name explicitly all over your code, so depending on how you are going to use the snippet, you might or might not need to remove the ".txt" extension first before handing the filenames over. That would be achieved by inserting the following line after or before the sort:
filenames = [os.path.splitext(fn)[0] for fn in filenames]
Also, I still don't understand why you're using eval(). Do the text files contain python code? In any case, eval() should be avoided and be replaced by code that's more specific to the task at hand.
If it's a list of comma separated strings, use line.split(",") instead.
If there might be whitespace before or after the comma, use [word.strip() for word in line.split(",")] instead.
If it's a list of comma separated integers, use [int(num) for num in line.split(",")] instead - for floats it works analogously.
etc.