Extract a file and rename it at the same time in python - python

I want to extract a file with a specific extension from my tarball file and at the same time give it a specific name. So far I can choose the file I want by extension and extract it. But how can I rename it the way I want?
tar = tarfile.open('files/compressed/compressed_file.tar.gz')
for member in tar.getmembers():
if member.isfile() and member.name.endswith('.nii'):
f = tar.extract(member, 'files/decompressed/')
else:
continue
tar.close()

Per the docs of the method you're using, the file object returned is read only. This means you will have to read in the data, then write it to another file just as you normally would. As you re-write the file you can name it how you want:
lines = f.readlines()
with open("your_filename_here.nii", 'w') as output:
for line in lines:
output.write(line)
Depending on how your file is formatted you may need to tweak the template above.

Related

Python - doc to docx file converter input, file path from a txt file

Hi stackoverflow community,
Situation,
I'm trying to run this converter found from here,
However what I want is for it to read an array of file path from a text file and convert them.
Reason being, these file path are filtered manually, so I don't have to convert unnecessary files. There are a large amount of unnecessary files in the folder.
How can I go about with this? Thank you.
with open("file_path",'r') as file_content:
content=file_content.read()
content=content.split('\n')
You can read the data of the file using the method above, Then covert the data of file into a list(or any other iteratable data type) so that we can use it with for loop.I used content=content.split('\n') to split the data of content by '\n' (Every time you press enter key, a new line character '\n' is sended), you can use any other character to split.
for i in content:
# the code you want to execute
Note
Some useful links:
Split
File writing
File read and write
By looking at your situation, I guess this is what you want (to only convert certain file in a directory), in which you don't need an extra '.txt' file to process:
import os
for f in os.listdir(path):
if f.startswith("Prelim") and f.endswith(".doc"):
convert(f)
But if for some reason you want to stick with the ".txt" processing, this may help:
with open("list.txt") as f:
lines = f.readlines()
for line in lines:
convert(line)

How can I add a text from a list to open a file?

I'd like to open a file but I don't want to write the name of the file everytime, that's why I want to create a list and then choose the element by putting 0,1,2...
I don't understand how it works, I tried to do this but it doesn't work.
Can anyone help me ?
L=["file1","file2","file3"]
file = open('D:/folder/'L[0]'.txt', 'r')
I think what your looking for here is string formatting or f-strings.
Assuming you'd like to read information from a file with the path D:/folder/file1.txt' you should use f strings to format the correct path as such:
file = open(f'D:/folder/{L[0]}.txt', 'r')
You can use this idea to iterate through your list and read the individual files and do what you need to do with it:
for filename in L:
file = open(f'D:/folder/{filename}.txt', 'r')
# Do operations for each file here

Python script not finding value in log file when the value is in the file

The code below is meant to find any xls or csv file used in a process. The .log file contains full paths with extensions and definitely contains multiple values with "xls" or "csv". However, Python can't find anything...Any idea? The weird thing is when I copy the content of the log file and paste it to another notepad file and save it as log, it works then...
infile=r"C:\Users\me\Desktop\test.log"
important=[]
keep_words=["xls","csv"]
with open(infile,'r') as f:
for line in f:
for word in keep_words:
if word in line:
important.append(line)
print(important)
I was able to figure it out...encoding issue...
with io.open(infile,encoding='utf16') as f:
You must change the line
for line in f:
to
for line in f.readlines():
You made the python search in the bytes opened file, not in his content, even in his lines (in a list, just like the readlines method);
I hope I was able to help (sorry about my bad English).

Python Overwriting files after parsing

I'm new to Python, and I need to do a parsing exercise. I got a file, and I need to parse it (just the headers), but after the process, i need to keep the file the same format, the same extension, and at the same place in disk, but only with the differences of new headers..
I tried this code...
for line in open ('/home/name/db/str/dir/numbers/str.phy'):
if line.startswith('ENS'):
linepars = re.sub ('ENS([A-Z]+)0+([0-9]{6})','\\1\\2',line)
print linepars
..and it does the job, but I don't know how to "overwrite" the file with the new parsing.
The easiest way, but not the most efficient (by far, and especially for long files) would be to rewrite the complete file.
You could do this by opening a second file handle and rewriting each line, except in the case of the header, you'd write the parsed header. For example,
fr = open('/home/name/db/str/dir/numbers/str.phy')
fw = open('/home/name/db/str/dir/numbers/str.phy.parsed', 'w') # Name this whatever makes sense
for line in fr:
if line.startswith('ENS'):
linepars = re.sub ('ENS([A-Z]+)0+([0-9]{6})','\\1\\2',line)
fw.write(linepars)
else:
fw.write(line)
fw.close()
fr.close()
EDIT: Note that this does not use readlines(), so its more memory efficient. It also does not store every output line, but only one at a time, writing it to file immediately.
Just as a cool trick, you could use the with statement on the input file to avoid having to close it (Python 2.5+):
fw = open('/home/name/db/str/dir/numbers/str.phy.parsed', 'w') # Name this whatever makes sense
with open('/home/name/db/str/dir/numbers/str.phy') as fr:
for line in fr:
if line.startswith('ENS'):
linepars = re.sub ('ENS([A-Z]+)0+([0-9]{6})','\\1\\2',line)
fw.write(linepars)
else:
fw.write(line)
fw.close()
P.S. Welcome :-)
As others are saying here, you want to open a file and use that file object's .write() method.
The best approach would be to open an additional file for writing:
import os
current_cfg = open(...)
parsed_cfg = open(..., 'w')
for line in current_cfg:
new_line = parse(line)
print new_line
parsed.cfg.write(new_line + '\n')
current_cfg.close()
parsed_cfg.close()
os.rename(....) # Rename old file to backup name
os.rename(....) # Rename new file into place
Additionally I'd suggest looking at the tempfile module and use one of its methods for either naming your new file or opening/creating it. Personally I'd favor putting the new file in the same directory as the existing file to ensure that os.rename will work atomically (the configuration file named will be guaranteed to either point at the old file or the new file; in no case would it point at a partially written/copied file).
The following code DOES the job.
I mean it DOES overwrite the file ON ONESELF; that's what the OP asked for. That's possible because the transformations are only removing characters, so the file's pointer fo that writes is always BEHIND the file's pointer fi that reads.
import re
regx = re.compile('\AENS([A-Z]+)0+([0-9]{6})')
with open('bomo.phy','rb+') as fi, open('bomo.phy','rb+') as fo:
fo.writelines(regx.sub('\\1\\2',line) for line in fi)
I think that the writing isn't performed by the operating system one line at a time but through a buffer. So several lines are read before a pool of transformed lines are written. That's what I think.
newlines = []
for line in open ('/home/name/db/str/dir/numbers/str.phy').readlines():
if line.startswith('ENS'):
linepars = re.sub ('ENS([A-Z]+)0+([0-9]{6})','\\1\\2',line)
newlines.append( linepars )
open ('/home/name/db/str/dir/numbers/str.phy', 'w').write('\n'.join(newlines))
(sidenote: Of course if you are working with large files, you should be aware that the level of optimization required may depend on your situation. Python by nature is very non-lazily-evaluated. The following solution is not a good choice if you are parsing large files, such as database dumps or logs, but a few tweaks such as nesting the with clauses and using lazy generators or a line-by-line algorithm can allow O(1)-memory behavior.)
targetFile = '/home/name/db/str/dir/numbers/str.phy'
def replaceIfHeader(line):
if line.startswith('ENS'):
return re.sub('ENS([A-Z]+)0+([0-9]{6})','\\1\\2',line)
else:
return line
with open(targetFile, 'r') as f:
newText = '\n'.join(replaceIfHeader(line) for line in f)
try:
# make backup of targetFile
with open(targetFile, 'w') as f:
f.write(newText)
except:
# error encountered, do something to inform user where backup of targetFile is
edit: thanks to Jeff for suggestion

how to take file like object in a file in python

filename = fileobject.read()
i want to transfer/assign the whole data of a object within a file.
You are almost doing it correctly already; the code should read
filecontent = fileobject.read()
read() with no arguments will read the whole data, i.e. the whole file content. The file name has nothing to do with that.

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