Develop Reference

How do I install python third party libs on the m1 chip?

The Mac Book Air M1 chip doesn't seem to support pep517 according to the errors of installing third-party libraries with pip or brew. Even using these methods without pep517 downloading the library locally didn't work. How does one circumvent this?
Error from using pip install pandas:
Failed to build numpy
ERROR: Could not build wheels for numpy which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly
I've tried this:
pip install <lib>
installing the library locally and trying to install with pip without pep517
brew install <lib>
openblas installation of lib
python env on the intel venv

I had the exact same problem, with a different library but with the same error code for PEP 517, I was using python 3.9 at the time, I checked the docs and found out that it's a problem with the python version for the library, downgraded to Python 3.6 and voila! it worked.
Basically try downgrading to Python 3.6 and check.

Installing python libraries through Anaconda seems to work. I simply downloaded the installer and could later use the libraries globally. If someone has a better in-depth explanation, feel free to comment.

I was having the same message when trying to install a different package. I solved by removing the CommandLineTools and installing it again. The steps were:
sudo rm -r /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools
wait for command prompt...
xcode-select --install
This solved the issue for me.

Gurobi optimizer on python

I need a free optimizer for python. I use PYCharm and python 3.6 (I have python 2.7 on my lap top too)
Now, want to install Gurobi optimizer in PYCharm. but there are some problems:
when I wanted to install "gurobipy" library, the first error was on pip version. It was 9.0.3 and I had to upgrade that to 10.0.1. I've done that successfully and now when I want to install gurobipy, its error again: (AttributeError: module 'pip' has no attribute 'main')
After a quick search, I found that this is a problem of pip 10.0.1
And now I'm really confused. Can anyone help me? I really need this optimizer on python

I see people with the pip 10.0.1 issue downgrading pip version via python -m pip install --upgrade pip==9.0.3. So, how about using the pip 9.0.3 and an older gurobipy (like gurobipy==x.x.x) which might work with the older pip?
EDIT:
How to install gurobipy 8.0.1 for python without conda on Linux
Register an account on the Gurobi official website and login.
Download the latest version from the website.
Extract the package and go to the directory that contains the file setup.py
Run sudo python setup.py install
Add the following lines to your
.bashrc files:
export GUROBI_HOME="/path/to/gurobi801/linux64"
export PATH="${PATH}:${GUROBI_HOME}/bin"
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:${GUROBI_HOME}/lib"
or to run from PyCharm, you need to set LD_LIBRARY_PATH manually on the app like this
Test with import gurobipy

What is the deal with `pip install opencv-python` is it a full opencv?

I thought the quickest way to get opencv running in my environment would be as simple as.
sudo pip install opencv-python
It seemed to work properly, I could import
import cv2
img = cv2.imread("a.jpg", 0)
but any other functions as "cv2.SURF" or even "cv2.imshow" are not loaded. So the pip install is giving just a basic opencv?

This issue was solved here
Opencv-python is not official. I tried to install it in a macbook running Ubuntu and, as you, I could import cv2, but some functions were not working.
From the opencv-python website:
MacOS and Linux wheels have some limitations:
video related functionality is not supported (not compiled with
FFmpeg) for example cv.imshow() will not work (not compiled with GTK+
2.x or Carbon support)
Now you might have problems trying to install the official opencv. You have to completely uninstall opencv-python before you attempt to install opencv.

This post is aging. I have Anaconda, and I have installed OpenCV as
conda install -c- conda-forge ffmpeg
pip install opencv-python
Maybe opencv-python had problems before, but now, is funcional

In the OpenCV docs, it is mentioned that sudo pip install opencv-python is an unofficial package for python.
Quote : This package contains only the OpenCV core modules without the optional contrib modules.
It is meant for OpenCV Python bindings only. Additionally, some functions still don't work for MacOS and Linux (cv2.imshow as you mentioned).
If you want the full installation, follow the steps here.

Suggest you to install Anaconda and use its package manager conda to install OpenCV 3.2.0 for linux-64, including OSX. The installation command is conda install -c menpo opencv3=3.2.0.
Checked the OpenCV 3.2.0 package available in Anaconda repository. It includes the features2d.so which is the extra module in opencv_contrib for supporting SIRF.
See this SO Answer for some more information.

How to properly install wxPython?

So I was looking around at different things to do on Python, like code for flashing text or a timer, but when I copied them into my window, there were constant syntax errors. Now, maybe you're not meant to copy them straight in, but one error I got was 'no module named wx'. I learned that I could get that module by installing wxPython. Problem is, I've tried all 4 options and none of them have worked for me. Which one do I download and how do I set it up using Windows?
Thanks

It's on PyPI. As of wxPython 4, Python 3 is supported.
Unfortunately, PyPI has a package called wx that is stuck at version 3.0.3; be sure to install the package named wxpython instead.
pip install wxpython
Please note that pip will automatically build wxWidgets for you, but it will not install wxWidgets system dependencies such as GTK and OpenGLu. If the above command exits with an error, look above for a message like this:
checking for <something>... not found
checking for <something>... no
configure: error: <prereq> libraries not available
Error running configure
ERROR: failed building widgets
This should give you information about at least one of the packages your system is missing.
The "official" list of prerequisites from the wxWidgets source is:
dpkg-dev
build-essential
libjpeg-dev
libtiff-dev
libsdl1.2-dev
libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev # or 1.0 if available
libnotify-dev
freeglut3
freeglut3-dev
libsm-dev
libgtk-3-dev
libwebkitgtk-3.0-dev # or libwebkit2gtk-4.0-dev if available
libxtst-dev
The actual package names provided by your package manager may not match these exactly, and to be honest, I don't really know the best way to query a package manager to determine what packages provide the libraries you need.

3 steps to install wx-widgets and pygame in python IDLE
Install python 3xxx in your system opting (Add 3xxx to your path).
open python CLI to see whether python is working or not.
then open command prompt (CMD).
type PIP to see whether pip is installed or not.
enter command : pip install wheel
enter command : pip install pygame
To install wxpython
enter command : pip install -U wxPython
Thats all !!

As per home page instruction:
Make sure you have at least version 6.0.8 of pip and 12.0.5 for setuptools.
Install requirements for Linux as outlined in the readme.rst at:
https://github.com/wxWidgets/Phoenix/blob/master/README.rst
Install wxPython-Phoenix (Linux):
sudo pip install --upgrade --trusted-host wxpython.org --pre -f http://wxpython.org/Phoenix/snapshot-builds/ wxPython_Phoenix
Install wxPython-Phoenix (Windows, use the appropriate script folder):
C:\python27\scripts\pip.exe install --upgrade --trusted-host wxpython.org --pre -f http://wxpython.org/Phoenix/snapshot-builds/ wxPython_Phoenix

I installed wxPython as part of the PsychoPy experiment builder dependencies, and had considerable trouble getting it to install properly as well initially. But this was what worked for me at the end. I use Ubuntu 16.04, python 3.5, pip3 19.0.3
pip3 install -U -f https://extras.wxpython.org/wxPython4/extras/linux/gtk3/ubuntu-16.04 wxPython --user

If you use Conda then you may easily setup the environment with wx by one line:
$ conda create -n wxenv python=3 wxPython
Solving environment: done
## Package Plan ##
environment location: /home/user/.conda/envs/wxenv
added / updated specs:
- python=3
- wxpython
The following packages will be downloaded:
package | build
---------------------------|-----------------
[...]
Proceed ([y]/n)?

You need to ensure the versions of your wxPython download matches your installed python language library.
The current downloads wxPython downloads doesn't show any libraries built against python 3. I Believe the python 3 porting project is still ongoing.
If you are not sure of what you are doing I would stick with the 32bit version on windows as there are some Python libraries (ie IIRC, MySQLdb) which don't work with 64 bit python.
So you would then need to download python2.7 for windows x86 and "wxPython3.0-win32-py27 32-bit Python 2.7"

To install wxPython GUI library correctly go to the following page (https://wxpython.org/Phoenix/snapshot-builds/), which contains snapshots builds of wxPython library (Phoenix version) depending on your os and version of Python you want to work.
Then when you downloaded the proper package for your system and python version, simply install it by using pip. In my case I've choosen that one (wxPython_Phoenix-3.0.3.dev2811+ecc4797-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl):
pip install wxPython_Phoenix-3.0.3.dev2811+ecc4797-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl
To check that it has been installed sucessfully on the site-packages folder for your current python environment write:
pip freeze
It's all!

Check the version of wxpython and the version of python you have in your machine.
For python 2.7 use wxPython3.0-win32-3.0.2.0-py27 package

The problem was solved in openSuse simply with
zypper in python-wxWidgets-3_0-devel
Trying pip install before, gave me a lot of trouble (missing traits, missing wx/setup.h, https://github.com/wxWidgets/Phoenix/issues/1644, error: aggregate ‘wxGLAttributes _NullGLAttributes’ has incomplete type and cannot be defined, etc.).

wxpython failed to be installed with pipenv. Pipenv is not able to find wxpython binary so it tries to build wxpython but fails.
CXXFLAGS="-I/opt/homebrew/include" pipenv install wxpython
On my macOS M1 pipenv failed to install wxPython. After a lot of searching I found a forum post which really helped me fix the problem.
Source/Credits: https://forums.wxwidgets.org/viewtopic.php?t=47953&p=203709

Install current development version with:
pip install -U https://github.com/robotframework/RIDE/archive/master.zip
(python < 3.9) Install current Beta version (2.0b1) with:
pip install psutil
pip install -U --pre robotframework-ride

Note that I tried to install wxPython with 'pip install -U wxPython' as per instruction
with no avail. Too many errors to list here. 🤨
I found a solution to the problem!!
I'm working on a 64b machine and Windows 11 operating system using VSCode.
Here is the solution using PowerShell:
Version specs:
pip 22.3.1
virtualenv 20.15.1
python 3.10.8
Create a new virtual environment in the directory where the program resides and
activate. There must be no modules installed.
virtualenv venv
venv/scripts/activate.bat
Install the following in sequence:
pip install pygame
(Not sure why pygame must be installed first, but this was
recommended and it works) 😟
pip install -U wxPython
SUCCESS!!! 🤠
These are the modules installed:
numpy 1.24.1
Pillow 9.4.0
pip 22.3.1
pygame 2.1.2
setuptools 65.4.0
six 1.16.0
wheel 0.37.1
wxPython 4.2.0
VSCode still reports wx as a missing module even when you activate the virtual
environment within. Running the code from the PS command prompt within the virtual
environment is the only working solution.
PS. I am sure there are some conflicts when trying to install wxPython within an
environment where all the other modules are installed.

Import Error: No module named AppKit

I use Mac OS X Lion and Python 2.7. I am new to python. Can anyone tell me how to import AppKit and PyObjC to Python. But i get the errors when trying to import Import Error: No module named AppKit or 'Import Error: No module named PyObjC.
Trying easy_install does not help either.
What can i do to import these 2 modules?

If not already installed, install pip by running:
sudo easy_install pip
Then run:
## install for all users
sudo pip install pyobjc
or
## install for current user only
pip install pyobjc --user
NOTE: the general recommendation is to avoid using the system python, and use instead a user-maintained version, for example installed via brew install python3, macports, conda or whatever you already use for third party dependencies.

If you're on Mac it could be you're using the incorrect pip version, try sudo pip3 install -U pyobjc that solved it for me.

This a good guide on how to install PyObjc: http://ioanna.me/2009/09/installing-pyobjc-xcode-templates-in-snow-leopard/
When I was trying to install PyObjc I found it quite hard, but after a while, (and lots of google searches) I got it working.
Edit
I've found a more modern guide on how to do this. Download the templates and put them into your ~/Library/Developer/Xcode/Templates/ directory, and everything should work correctly.

If you are using PyCharm, you should install PyObjC package manually within it because of venv I guess. This was the only working solution for me.

In my case none of them worked. I was using Anaconda in my mac, later I discovered that the main issue with the Anaconda. Then I installed PyObjC with it's all supporting libraries inside Anaconda in a specific Environment.
I run the command line by clicking the Environment play icon and run my script.
It worked without any issues :)