I'm trying to add my program to registry and this is my code...
def regc():
reg = windll.kernel32
print(reg)
hkey = 'HKEY_CURRENT_USER'
lsubkey = 'Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run'
reserved = 0
flag = 'REG_OPTION_BACKUP_RESTORE'
samdesired = 'KEY_ALL_ACCESS'
ipsec = None
handle = reg.RegCreateKeyExA(hkey, lsubkey, reserved, flag, samdesired, ipsec, None)
Its not giving me any errors but it still isn't creating a new key in registry. What am I doing wrong?
To use ctypes correctly, define .argtypes and .restype to do error checking of your parameters. Many of the types used are wrong. hkey, flag, and samdesired are not strings, for example. The return value is not a handle, but a status. The return value is an output parameter (pkhResult in the docs). You must read the documentation and examine the header files of all the variable definitions carefully.
Also, in Python 3 strings are Unicode, so use the W form of Windows APIs to accept Unicode strings. Use raw strings (r'...') for the subkey since it contains backslashes that could be interpreted as escape codes.
Here's a working example:
from ctypes import *
from ctypes import wintypes as w
# Values found from reading RegCreateKeyExW documentation,
# using Go To Definition on the types in Visual Studio,
# and printing constants in a C program, e.g. printf("%lx\n",KEY_ALL_ACCESS);
HKEY = c_void_p
PHKEY = POINTER(HKEY)
REGSAM = w.DWORD
LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES = c_void_p
LSTATUS = w.LONG
# Disposition values
REG_CREATED_NEW_KEY = 0x00000001
REG_OPENED_EXISTING_KEY = 0x00000002
ERROR_SUCCESS = 0
HKEY_CURRENT_USER = c_void_p(0x80000001)
REG_OPTION_NON_VOLATILE = 0
KEY_ALL_ACCESS = 0x000F003F
dll = WinDLL('kernel32')
dll.RegCreateKeyExW.argtypes = HKEY,w.LPCWSTR,w.DWORD,w.LPWSTR,w.DWORD,REGSAM,LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES,PHKEY,w.LPDWORD
dll.RegCreateKeyExW.restype = LSTATUS
hkey = HKEY_CURRENT_USER
lsubkey = r'Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run'
options = REG_OPTION_NON_VOLATILE
samdesired = KEY_ALL_ACCESS
# Storage for output parameters...pass by reference.
handle = HKEY()
disp = w.DWORD()
status = dll.RegCreateKeyExW(HKEY_CURRENT_USER, lsubkey, 0, None, options, samdesired, None, byref(handle), byref(disp))
if status == ERROR_SUCCESS:
print(f'{disp=} {handle=}')
Output:
disp=c_ulong(2) handle=c_void_p(3460)
The disposition value of 2 indicates the key already exists (REG_OPENED_EXISTING_KEY).
You could also install pywin32 and use win32api.RegCreateKey or win32api.RegCreateKeyEx where all the work is already done for you.
I need a program that detects media insertion and also tells me the drive letter so that I can build on it and add other functions to be run when the device inserted event is fired.
I think it can be done using WMI using the Win32_VolumeChangeEvent class (I found some implementations in Powershell and C# but I want to do it with Python). I know there is also the wmi module for python eventually and I found this snippet of code from a Python mailing list but it seems it doesn't work.
Then I also found this Python script that could do what I need. It seems it was written for python 2 and I adjusted the parenthesis for the print() function in order to make it work on python 3, besides I noticed there were a couple of unnecessary ; in the code. (maybe it was ported from C and the developer left them there by mistake. This python script uses ctypes).
I show you the code I got:
import win32api, win32con, win32gui
from ctypes import *
#
# Device change events (WM_DEVICECHANGE wParam)
#
DBT_DEVICEARRIVAL = 0x8000
DBT_DEVICEQUERYREMOVE = 0x8001
DBT_DEVICEQUERYREMOVEFAILED = 0x8002
DBT_DEVICEMOVEPENDING = 0x8003
DBT_DEVICEREMOVECOMPLETE = 0x8004
DBT_DEVICETYPESSPECIFIC = 0x8005
DBT_CONFIGCHANGED = 0x0018
#
# type of device in DEV_BROADCAST_HDR
#
DBT_DEVTYP_OEM = 0x00000000
DBT_DEVTYP_DEVNODE = 0x00000001
DBT_DEVTYP_VOLUME = 0x00000002
DBT_DEVTYPE_PORT = 0x00000003
DBT_DEVTYPE_NET = 0x00000004
#
# media types in DBT_DEVTYP_VOLUME
#
DBTF_MEDIA = 0x0001
DBTF_NET = 0x0002
WORD = c_ushort
DWORD = c_ulong
class DEV_BROADCAST_HDR(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("dbch_size", DWORD),
("dbch_devicetype", DWORD),
("dbch_reserved", DWORD)
]
class DEV_BROADCAST_VOLUME(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("dbcv_size", DWORD),
("dbcv_devicetype", DWORD),
("dbcv_reserved", DWORD),
("dbcv_unitmask", DWORD),
("dbcv_flags", WORD)
]
def drive_from_mask(mask):
n_drive = 0
while 1:
if (mask & (2 ** n_drive)):
return n_drive
else:
n_drive += 1
class Notification:
def __init__(self):
message_map = {
win32con.WM_DEVICECHANGE: self.onDeviceChange
}
wc = win32gui.WNDCLASS()
hinst = wc.hInstance = win32api.GetModuleHandle(None)
wc.lpszClassName = "DeviceChangeDemo"
wc.style = win32con.CS_VREDRAW | win32con.CS_HREDRAW
wc.hCursor = win32gui.LoadCursor(0, win32con.IDC_ARROW)
wc.hbrBackground = win32con.COLOR_WINDOW
wc.lpfnWndProc = message_map
classAtom = win32gui.RegisterClass(wc)
style = win32con.WS_OVERLAPPED | win32con.WS_SYSMENU
self.hwnd = win32gui.CreateWindow(
classAtom,
"Device Change Demo",
style,
0, 0,
win32con.CW_USEDEFAULT, win32con.CW_USEDEFAULT,
0, 0,
hinst, None
)
def onDeviceChange(self, hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam):
#
# WM_DEVICECHANGE:
# wParam - type of change: arrival, removal etc.
# lParam - what's changed?
# if it's a volume then...
# lParam - what's changed more exactly
#
dev_broadcast_hdr = DEV_BROADCAST_HDR.from_address(lparam)
if wparam == DBT_DEVICEARRIVAL:
print("Something's arrived")
if dev_broadcast_hdr.dbch_devicetype == DBT_DEVTYP_VOLUME:
print("It's a volume!")
dev_broadcast_volume = DEV_BROADCAST_VOLUME.from_address(lparam)
if dev_broadcast_volume.dbcv_flags & DBTF_MEDIA:
print("with some media")
drive_letter = drive_from_mask(dev_broadcast_volume.dbcv_unitmask)
print("in drive", chr(ord("A") + drive_letter))
return 1
if __name__ == '__main__':
w = Notification()
win32gui.PumpMessages()
Windows sends all top-level windows a set of default WM_DEVICECHANGE messages when new devices or media (such as a CD or DVD) are added and become available, and when existing devices or media are removed.
Each WM_DEVICECHANGE message has an associated event that describes the change, and a structure that provides detailed information about the change. The structure consists of an event-independent header, DEV_BROADCAST_HDR, followed by event-dependent members. The event-dependent members describe the device to which the event applies. To use this structure, applications must first determine the event type and the device type. Then, they can use the correct structure to take appropriate action.
When the user inserts a new CD or DVD into a drive, applications receive a WM_DEVICECHANGE message with a DBT_DEVICEARRIVAL event. The application must check the event to ensure that the type of device arriving is a volume (the dbch_devicetype member is DBT_DEVTYP_VOLUME) and that the change affects the media (the dbcv_flags member is DBTF_MEDIA).
Here you can find an implementation in C++ directly from Microsoft MSDN.
PROBLEMS:
The code compiles without errors and if I insert a USB drive I get the message "Something's arrived" and "It's a volume!" correctly but the message "with some media" and the drive letter are never displayed so it's like this part of the code doesn't work:
dev_broadcast_volume = DEV_BROADCAST_VOLUME.from_address(lparam)
if dev_broadcast_volume.dbcv_flags & DBTF_MEDIA:
print("with some media")
drive_letter = drive_from_mask(dev_broadcast_volume.dbcv_unitmask)
print("in drive", chr(ord("A") + drive_letter))
I need to fix the program in order to know also the drive letter of the new media inserted.
UPDATE:
I tried to print the value of dev_broadcast_volume.dbcv_flags and it's 0.
Then I tried to print the value of DBTF_MEDIA and it's 1.
I see that in the code there is an if statement with a bitwise operation:
if dev_broadcast_volume.dbcv_flags & DBTF_MEDIA:
If both dev_broadcast_volume.dbcv_flags and DBTF_MEDIA were == 1, the bitwise operation would return 1, so the if statement would be True and the code inside would be executed but dev_broadcast_volume.dbcv_flags == 0 so the bitwise operation would return 0 and the if statement is False and the code won't get executed, right?
I tried to remove the if statement entirely and although the check doesn't exist anymore (is it necessary?), now the drive letter is printed correctly.
This is the output of the program I get now:
Something's arrived
It's a volume!
in drive K
I am trying to get maya to check if the listed object is a blendshape node or not.
This is my code:
def bake(self, *args):
self.items["selection"] = cmds.ls(sl = True)
self.items["shapes"] = cmds.listRelatives(self.items["selection"], ad = True)
shapes = ()
for i in self.items["shapes"]:
bs = cmds.listConnections(i, type = "blendShape", exactType = True)
if cmds.objectType(bs, isType = "blendShape"):
print bs
It returns # Error: RuntimeError: file X:/Documents/maya/scripts\jtBakeCharacter.py line 16: No object name specified
Line 16 is: if cmds.objectType(bs, isType = "blendShape"):
Except that I AM specifying an object name, that object name is bs .. I have printed the result of bs and it has many objects listed. Many.
The code is redundant. You don't need most of the lines. The listConnections already ensures that you have only blendshapes. The exact problem is that you are calling something like:
cmds.objectType([])
for some of those extra shapes. And this is illegal. But mostly you code can be encapsulated as follows:
selected = cmds.ls(sl = True, dag=True ,shapes = True)
blends = cmds.listConnections(selected , type = "blendShape", exactType = True)
for item in blends:
print item
But this may not catch your intent perfectly, but shows how may extra steps you take. In reality you don't need the line if cmds.objectType(bs, isType = "blendShape"): for anything
Joojaa's answer is elegant, but you can get it down even shorter by using the default selection behavior:
blendshapes = cmds.ls(cmds.listHistory(pdo=True), type='blendShape') or []
for item in blendshapes:
print item
(In the quest to make it even shorter I'm not checking for the selection, so this one fails if nothing is selected).
PS: if you need to get to the blendshape from one of the upstream shapes, instead of the deformed shape, you can use listHistory (f=True)
You could try this:
from pymel.core import *
for obj in selected():
shapeNode = obj.getChildren()[0]
for output in shapeNode.outputs():
if nodeType(output) == "blendShape":
print obj, "is a blendshape"
I'm trying to read the target file/directory of a shortcut (.lnk) file from Python. Is there a headache-free way to do it? The spec is way over my head.
I don't mind using Windows-only APIs.
My ultimate goal is to find the "(My) Videos" folder on Windows XP and Vista. On XP, by default, it's at %HOMEPATH%\My Documents\My Videos, and on Vista it's %HOMEPATH%\Videos. However, the user can relocate this folder. In the case, the %HOMEPATH%\Videos folder ceases to exists and is replaced by %HOMEPATH%\Videos.lnk which points to the new "My Videos" folder. And I want its absolute location.
Create a shortcut using Python (via WSH)
import sys
import win32com.client
shell = win32com.client.Dispatch("WScript.Shell")
shortcut = shell.CreateShortCut("t:\\test.lnk")
shortcut.Targetpath = "t:\\ftemp"
shortcut.save()
Read the Target of a Shortcut using Python (via WSH)
import sys
import win32com.client
shell = win32com.client.Dispatch("WScript.Shell")
shortcut = shell.CreateShortCut("t:\\test.lnk")
print(shortcut.Targetpath)
I know this is an older thread but I feel that there isn't much information on the method that uses the link specification as noted in the original question.
My shortcut target implementation could not use the win32com module and after a lot of searching, decided to come up with my own. Nothing else seemed to accomplish what I needed under my restrictions. Hopefully this will help other folks in this same situation.
It uses the binary structure Microsoft has provided for MS-SHLLINK.
import struct
path = 'myfile.txt.lnk'
target = ''
with open(path, 'rb') as stream:
content = stream.read()
# skip first 20 bytes (HeaderSize and LinkCLSID)
# read the LinkFlags structure (4 bytes)
lflags = struct.unpack('I', content[0x14:0x18])[0]
position = 0x18
# if the HasLinkTargetIDList bit is set then skip the stored IDList
# structure and header
if (lflags & 0x01) == 1:
position = struct.unpack('H', content[0x4C:0x4E])[0] + 0x4E
last_pos = position
position += 0x04
# get how long the file information is (LinkInfoSize)
length = struct.unpack('I', content[last_pos:position])[0]
# skip 12 bytes (LinkInfoHeaderSize, LinkInfoFlags, and VolumeIDOffset)
position += 0x0C
# go to the LocalBasePath position
lbpos = struct.unpack('I', content[position:position+0x04])[0]
position = last_pos + lbpos
# read the string at the given position of the determined length
size= (length + last_pos) - position - 0x02
temp = struct.unpack('c' * size, content[position:position+size])
target = ''.join([chr(ord(a)) for a in temp])
Alternatively, you could try using SHGetFolderPath(). The following code might work, but I'm not on a Windows machine right now so I can't test it.
import ctypes
shell32 = ctypes.windll.shell32
# allocate MAX_PATH bytes in buffer
video_folder_path = ctypes.create_string_buffer(260)
# 0xE is CSIDL_MYVIDEO
# 0 is SHGFP_TYPE_CURRENT
# If you want a Unicode path, use SHGetFolderPathW instead
if shell32.SHGetFolderPathA(None, 0xE, None, 0, video_folder_path) >= 0:
# success, video_folder_path now contains the correct path
else:
# error
Basically call the Windows API directly. Here is a good example found after Googling:
import os, sys
import pythoncom
from win32com.shell import shell, shellcon
shortcut = pythoncom.CoCreateInstance (
shell.CLSID_ShellLink,
None,
pythoncom.CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
shell.IID_IShellLink
)
desktop_path = shell.SHGetFolderPath (0, shellcon.CSIDL_DESKTOP, 0, 0)
shortcut_path = os.path.join (desktop_path, "python.lnk")
persist_file = shortcut.QueryInterface (pythoncom.IID_IPersistFile)
persist_file.Load (shortcut_path)
shortcut.SetDescription ("Updated Python %s" % sys.version)
mydocs_path = shell.SHGetFolderPath (0, shellcon.CSIDL_PERSONAL, 0, 0)
shortcut.SetWorkingDirectory (mydocs_path)
persist_file.Save (shortcut_path, 0)
This is from http://timgolden.me.uk/python/win32_how_do_i/create-a-shortcut.html.
You can search for "python ishelllink" for other examples.
Also, the API reference helps too: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb774950(VS.85).aspx
I also realize this question is old, but I found the answers to be most relevant to my situation.
Like Jared's answer, I also could not use the win32com module. So Jared's use of the binary structure from MS-SHLLINK got me part of the way there. I needed read shortcuts on both Windows and Linux, where the shortcuts are created on a samba share by Windows. Jared's implementation didn't quite work for me, I think only because I encountered some different variations on the shortcut format. But, it gave me the start I needed (thanks Jared).
So, here is a class named MSShortcut which expands on Jared's approach. However, the implementation is only Python3.4 and above, due to using some pathlib features added in Python3.4
#!/usr/bin/python3
# Link Format from MS: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd871305.aspx
# Need to be able to read shortcut target from .lnk file on linux or windows.
# Original inspiration from: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/397125/reading-the-target-of-a-lnk-file-in-python
from pathlib import Path, PureWindowsPath
import struct, sys, warnings
if sys.hexversion < 0x03040000:
warnings.warn("'{}' module requires python3.4 version or above".format(__file__), ImportWarning)
# doc says class id =
# 00021401-0000-0000-C000-000000000046
# requiredCLSID = b'\x00\x02\x14\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\xC0\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x46'
# Actually Getting:
requiredCLSID = b'\x01\x14\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xC0\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x46' # puzzling
class ShortCutError(RuntimeError):
pass
class MSShortcut():
"""
interface to Microsoft Shortcut Objects. Purpose:
- I need to be able to get the target from a samba shared on a linux machine
- Also need to get access from a Windows machine.
- Need to support several forms of the shortcut, as they seem be created differently depending on the
creating machine.
- Included some 'flag' types in external interface to help test differences in shortcut types
Args:
scPath (str): path to shortcut
Limitations:
- There are some omitted object properties in the implementation.
Only implemented / tested enough to recover the shortcut target information. Recognized omissions:
- LinkTargetIDList
- VolumeId structure (if captured later, should be a separate class object to hold info)
- Only captured environment block from extra data
- I don't know how or when some of the shortcut information is used, only captured what I recognized,
so there may be bugs related to use of the information
- NO shortcut update support (though might be nice)
- Implementation requires python 3.4 or greater
- Tested only with Unicode data on a 64bit little endian machine, did not consider potential endian issues
Not Debugged:
- localBasePath - didn't check if parsed correctly or not.
- commonPathSuffix
- commonNetworkRelativeLink
"""
def __init__(self, scPath):
"""
Parse and keep shortcut properties on creation
"""
self.scPath = Path(scPath)
self._clsid = None
self._lnkFlags = None
self._lnkInfoFlags = None
self._localBasePath = None
self._commonPathSuffix = None
self._commonNetworkRelativeLink = None
self._name = None
self._relativePath = None
self._workingDir = None
self._commandLineArgs = None
self._iconLocation = None
self._envTarget = None
self._ParseLnkFile(self.scPath)
#property
def clsid(self):
return self._clsid
#property
def lnkFlags(self):
return self._lnkFlags
#property
def lnkInfoFlags(self):
return self._lnkInfoFlags
#property
def localBasePath(self):
return self._localBasePath
#property
def commonPathSuffix(self):
return self._commonPathSuffix
#property
def commonNetworkRelativeLink(self):
return self._commonNetworkRelativeLink
#property
def name(self):
return self._name
#property
def relativePath(self):
return self._relativePath
#property
def workingDir(self):
return self._workingDir
#property
def commandLineArgs(self):
return self._commandLineArgs
#property
def iconLocation(self):
return self._iconLocation
#property
def envTarget(self):
return self._envTarget
#property
def targetPath(self):
"""
Args:
woAnchor (bool): remove the anchor (\\server\path or drive:) from returned path.
Returns:
a libpath PureWindowsPath object for combined workingDir/relative path
or the envTarget
Raises:
ShortCutError when no target path found in Shortcut
"""
target = None
if self.workingDir:
target = PureWindowsPath(self.workingDir)
if self.relativePath:
target = target / PureWindowsPath(self.relativePath)
else: target = None
if not target and self.envTarget:
target = PureWindowsPath(self.envTarget)
if not target:
raise ShortCutError("Unable to retrieve target path from MS Shortcut: shortcut = {}"
.format(str(self.scPath)))
return target
#property
def targetPathWOAnchor(self):
tp = self.targetPath
return tp.relative_to(tp.anchor)
def _ParseLnkFile(self, lnkPath):
with lnkPath.open('rb') as f:
content = f.read()
# verify size (4 bytes)
hdrSize = struct.unpack('I', content[0x00:0x04])[0]
if hdrSize != 0x4C:
raise ShortCutError("MS Shortcut HeaderSize = {}, but required to be = {}: shortcut = {}"
.format(hdrSize, 0x4C, str(lnkPath)))
# verify LinkCLSID id (16 bytes)
self._clsid = bytes(struct.unpack('B'*16, content[0x04:0x14]))
if self._clsid != requiredCLSID:
raise ShortCutError("MS Shortcut ClassID = {}, but required to be = {}: shortcut = {}"
.format(self._clsid, requiredCLSID, str(lnkPath)))
# read the LinkFlags structure (4 bytes)
self._lnkFlags = struct.unpack('I', content[0x14:0x18])[0]
#logger.debug("lnkFlags=0x%0.8x" % self._lnkFlags)
position = 0x4C
# if HasLinkTargetIDList bit, then position to skip the stored IDList structure and header
if (self._lnkFlags & 0x01):
idListSize = struct.unpack('H', content[position:position+0x02])[0]
position += idListSize + 2
# if HasLinkInfo, then process the linkinfo structure
if (self._lnkFlags & 0x02):
(linkInfoSize, linkInfoHdrSize, self._linkInfoFlags,
volIdOffset, localBasePathOffset,
cmnNetRelativeLinkOffset, cmnPathSuffixOffset) = struct.unpack('IIIIIII', content[position:position+28])
# check for optional offsets
localBasePathOffsetUnicode = None
cmnPathSuffixOffsetUnicode = None
if linkInfoHdrSize >= 0x24:
(localBasePathOffsetUnicode, cmnPathSuffixOffsetUnicode) = struct.unpack('II', content[position+28:position+36])
#logger.debug("0x%0.8X" % linkInfoSize)
#logger.debug("0x%0.8X" % linkInfoHdrSize)
#logger.debug("0x%0.8X" % self._linkInfoFlags)
#logger.debug("0x%0.8X" % volIdOffset)
#logger.debug("0x%0.8X" % localBasePathOffset)
#logger.debug("0x%0.8X" % cmnNetRelativeLinkOffset)
#logger.debug("0x%0.8X" % cmnPathSuffixOffset)
#logger.debug("0x%0.8X" % localBasePathOffsetUnicode)
#logger.debug("0x%0.8X" % cmnPathSuffixOffsetUnicode)
# if info has a localBasePath
if (self._linkInfoFlags & 0x01):
bpPosition = position + localBasePathOffset
# not debugged - don't know if this works or not
self._localBasePath = UnpackZ('z', content[bpPosition:])[0].decode('ascii')
#logger.debug("localBasePath: {}".format(self._localBasePath))
if localBasePathOffsetUnicode:
bpPosition = position + localBasePathOffsetUnicode
self._localBasePath = UnpackUnicodeZ('z', content[bpPosition:])[0]
self._localBasePath = self._localBasePath.decode('utf-16')
#logger.debug("localBasePathUnicode: {}".format(self._localBasePath))
# get common Path Suffix
cmnSuffixPosition = position + cmnPathSuffixOffset
self._commonPathSuffix = UnpackZ('z', content[cmnSuffixPosition:])[0].decode('ascii')
#logger.debug("commonPathSuffix: {}".format(self._commonPathSuffix))
if cmnPathSuffixOffsetUnicode:
cmnSuffixPosition = position + cmnPathSuffixOffsetUnicode
self._commonPathSuffix = UnpackUnicodeZ('z', content[cmnSuffixPosition:])[0]
self._commonPathSuffix = self._commonPathSuffix.decode('utf-16')
#logger.debug("commonPathSuffix: {}".format(self._commonPathSuffix))
# check for CommonNetworkRelativeLink
if (self._linkInfoFlags & 0x02):
relPosition = position + cmnNetRelativeLinkOffset
self._commonNetworkRelativeLink = CommonNetworkRelativeLink(content, relPosition)
position += linkInfoSize
# If HasName
if (self._lnkFlags & 0x04):
(position, self._name) = self.readStringObj(content, position)
#logger.debug("name: {}".format(self._name))
# get relative path string
if (self._lnkFlags & 0x08):
(position, self._relativePath) = self.readStringObj(content, position)
#logger.debug("relPath='{}'".format(self._relativePath))
# get working dir string
if (self._lnkFlags & 0x10):
(position, self._workingDir) = self.readStringObj(content, position)
#logger.debug("workingDir='{}'".format(self._workingDir))
# get command line arguments
if (self._lnkFlags & 0x20):
(position, self._commandLineArgs) = self.readStringObj(content, position)
#logger.debug("commandLineArgs='{}'".format(self._commandLineArgs))
# get icon location
if (self._lnkFlags & 0x40):
(position, self._iconLocation) = self.readStringObj(content, position)
#logger.debug("iconLocation='{}'".format(self._iconLocation))
# look for environment properties
if (self._lnkFlags & 0x200):
while True:
size = struct.unpack('I', content[position:position+4])[0]
#logger.debug("blksize=%d" % size)
if size==0: break
signature = struct.unpack('I', content[position+4:position+8])[0]
#logger.debug("signature=0x%0.8x" % signature)
# EnvironmentVariableDataBlock
if signature == 0xA0000001:
if (self._lnkFlags & 0x80): # unicode
self._envTarget = UnpackUnicodeZ('z', content[position+268:])[0]
self._envTarget = self._envTarget.decode('utf-16')
else:
self._envTarget = UnpackZ('z', content[position+8:])[0].decode('ascii')
#logger.debug("envTarget='{}'".format(self._envTarget))
position += size
def readStringObj(self, scContent, position):
"""
returns:
tuple: (newPosition, string)
"""
strg = ''
size = struct.unpack('H', scContent[position:position+2])[0]
#logger.debug("workingDirSize={}".format(size))
if (self._lnkFlags & 0x80): # unicode
size *= 2
strg = struct.unpack(str(size)+'s', scContent[position+2:position+2+size])[0]
strg = strg.decode('utf-16')
else:
strg = struct.unpack(str(size)+'s', scContent[position+2:position+2+size])[0].decode('ascii')
#logger.debug("strg='{}'".format(strg))
position += size + 2 # 2 bytes to account for CountCharacters field
return (position, strg)
class CommonNetworkRelativeLink():
def __init__(self, scContent, linkContentPos):
self._networkProviderType = None
self._deviceName = None
self._netName = None
(linkSize, flags, netNameOffset,
devNameOffset, self._networkProviderType) = struct.unpack('IIIII', scContent[linkContentPos:linkContentPos+20])
#logger.debug("netnameOffset = {}".format(netNameOffset))
if netNameOffset > 0x014:
(netNameOffsetUnicode, devNameOffsetUnicode) = struct.unpack('II', scContent[linkContentPos+20:linkContentPos+28])
#logger.debug("netnameOffsetUnicode = {}".format(netNameOffsetUnicode))
self._netName = UnpackUnicodeZ('z', scContent[linkContentPos+netNameOffsetUnicode:])[0]
self._netName = self._netName.decode('utf-16')
self._deviceName = UnpackUnicodeZ('z', scContent[linkContentPos+devNameOffsetUnicode:])[0]
self._deviceName = self._deviceName.decode('utf-16')
else:
self._netName = UnpackZ('z', scContent[linkContentPos+netNameOffset:])[0].decode('ascii')
self._deviceName = UnpackZ('z', scContent[linkContentPos+devNameOffset:])[0].decode('ascii')
#property
def deviceName(self):
return self._deviceName
#property
def netName(self):
return self._netName
#property
def networkProviderType(self):
return self._networkProviderType
def UnpackZ (fmt, buf) :
"""
Unpack Null Terminated String
"""
#logger.debug(bytes(buf))
while True :
pos = fmt.find ('z')
if pos < 0 :
break
z_start = struct.calcsize (fmt[:pos])
z_len = buf[z_start:].find(b'\0')
#logger.debug(z_len)
fmt = '%s%dsx%s' % (fmt[:pos], z_len, fmt[pos+1:])
#logger.debug("fmt='{}', len={}".format(fmt, z_len))
fmtlen = struct.calcsize(fmt)
return struct.unpack (fmt, buf[0:fmtlen])
def UnpackUnicodeZ (fmt, buf) :
"""
Unpack Null Terminated String
"""
#logger.debug(bytes(buf))
while True :
pos = fmt.find ('z')
if pos < 0 :
break
z_start = struct.calcsize (fmt[:pos])
# look for null bytes by pairs
z_len = 0
for i in range(z_start,len(buf),2):
if buf[i:i+2] == b'\0\0':
z_len = i-z_start
break
fmt = '%s%dsxx%s' % (fmt[:pos], z_len, fmt[pos+1:])
# logger.debug("fmt='{}', len={}".format(fmt, z_len))
fmtlen = struct.calcsize(fmt)
return struct.unpack (fmt, buf[0:fmtlen])
I hope this helps others as well.
Thanks
I didn't really like any of the answers available because I didn't want to keep importing more and more libraries and the 'shell' option was spotty on my test machines. I opted for reading the ".lnk" in and then using a regular expression to read out the path. For my purposes, I am looking for pdf files that were recently opened and then reading the content of those files:
# Example file path to the shortcut
shortcut = "shortcutFileName.lnk"
# Open the lnk file using the ISO-8859-1 encoder to avoid errors for special characters
lnkFile = open(shortcut, 'r', encoding = "ISO-8859-1")
# Use a regular expression to parse out the pdf file on C:\
filePath = re.findall("C:.*?pdf", lnkFile.read(), flags=re.DOTALL)
# Close File
lnkFile.close()
# Read the pdf at the lnk Target
pdfFile = open(tmpFilePath[0], 'rb')
Comments:
Obviously this works for pdf but needs to specify other file extensions accordingly.
It's easy as opening ".exe" file. Here also, we are going to use the os module for this. You just have to create a shortcut .lnk and store it in any folder of your choice. Then, in any Python file, first import the os module (already installed, just import). Then, use a variable, say path, and assign it a string value containing the location of your .lnk file. Just create a shortcut of your desired application. At last, we will use os.startfile()
to open our shortcut.
Points to remember:
The location should be within double inverted commas.
Most important, open Properties. Then, under that, open "Details". There, you can get the exact name of your shortcut. Please write that name with ".lnk" at last.
Now, you have completed the procedure. I hope it helps you. For additional assistance, I am leaving my code for this at the bottom.
import os
path = "C:\\Users\\hello\\OneDrive\\Desktop\\Shortcuts\\OneNote for Windows 10.lnk"
os.startfile(path)
In my code, I used path as variable and I had created a shortcut for OneNote. In path, I defined the location of OneNote's shortcut. So when I use os.startfile(path), the os module is going to open my shortcut file defined in variable path.
this job is possible without any modules, doing this will return a b string having the destination of the shortcut file. Basically what you do is you open the file in read binary mode (rb mode). This is the code to accomplish this task:
with open('programs.lnk - Copy','rb') as f:
destination=f.read()
i am currently using python 3.9.2, in case you face problems with this, just tell me and i will try to fix it.
A more stable solution in python, using powershell to read the target path from the .lnk file.
using only standard libraries avoids introducing extra dependencies such as win32com
this approach works with the .lnks that failed with jared's answer, more details
we avoid directly reading the file, which felt hacky, and sometimes failed
import subprocess
def get_target(link_path) -> (str, str):
"""
Get the target & args of a Windows shortcut (.lnk)
:param link_path: The Path or string-path to the shortcut, e.g. "C:\\Users\\Public\\Desktop\\My Shortcut.lnk"
:return: A tuple of the target and arguments, e.g. ("C:\\Program Files\\My Program.exe", "--my-arg")
"""
# get_target implementation by hannes, https://gist.github.com/Winand/997ed38269e899eb561991a0c663fa49
ps_command = \
"$WSShell = New-Object -ComObject Wscript.Shell;" \
"$Shortcut = $WSShell.CreateShortcut(\"" + str(link_path) + "\"); " \
"Write-Host $Shortcut.TargetPath ';' $shortcut.Arguments "
output = subprocess.run(["powershell.exe", ps_command], capture_output=True)
raw = output.stdout.decode('utf-8')
launch_path, args = [x.strip() for x in raw.split(';', 1)]
return launch_path, args
# to test
shortcut_file = r"C:\Users\REPLACE_WITH_USERNAME\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Accessibility\Narrator.lnk"
a, args = get_target(shortcut_file)
print(a) # C:\WINDOWS\system32\narrator.exe
(you can remove -> typehinting to get it to work in older python versions)
I did notice this is slow when running on lots of shortcuts. You could use jareds method, check if the result is None, and if so, run this code to get the target path.
The nice approach with direct regex-based parsing (proposed in the answer) didn't work reliable for all shortcuts in my case. Some of them have only relative path like ..\\..\\..\\..\\..\\..\\Program Files\\ImageGlass\\ImageGlass.exe (produced by msi-installer), and it is stored with wide chars, which are tricky to handle in Python.
So I've discovered a Python module LnkParse3, which is easy to use and meets my needs.
Here is a sample script to show target of a lnk-file passed as first argument:
import LnkParse3
import sys
with open(sys.argv[1], 'rb') as indata:
lnk = LnkParse3.lnk_file(indata)
print(lnk.lnk_command)
I arrived at this thread looking for a way to parse a ".lnk" file and get the target file name.
I found another very simple solution:
pip install comtypes
Then
from comtypes.client import CreateObject
from comtypes.persist import IPersistFile
from comtypes.shelllink import ShellLink
# MAKE SURE THIS VAT CONTAINS A STRING AND NOT AN OBJECT OF 'PATH'
# I spent too much time figuring out the problem with .load(..) function ahead
pathStr="c:\folder\yourlink.lnk"
s = CreateObject(ShellLink)
p = s.QueryInterface(IPersistFile)
p.Load(pathStr, False)
print(s.GetPath())
print(s.GetArguments())
print(s.GetWorkingDirectory())
print(s.GetIconLocation())
try:
# the GetDescription create exception in some of the links
print(s.GetDescription())
except Exception as e:
print(e)
print(s.Hotkey)
print(s.ShowCmd)
Based on this great answer...
https://stackoverflow.com/a/43856809/2992810