I'm using SUDS for consuming web service. I tried like bellow:
client = Client(wsdl_url)
list_of_methods = [method for method in client.wsdl.services[0].ports[0].methods]
print(list_of_methods)
I got this error:
urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:645)>
I saw link but it is just solution for python 2.7. How can I bypass SSL with SUDS? Or is there any none python solution (For example add fake certificate in windows OS)? I'm using python 3(So I have to use urllib instead of urllib2).
A suds client uses a subclass of suds.transport.Transport to process requests.
The default transport used is an instance of suds.transport.https.HttpAuthenticated, but you can override this when you instantiate the client by passing a transport keyword argument.
The http and https transports are implemented using urllib.request (or urllib2 for python2) by creating an urlopener. The list of handlers used to create this urlopener is retrieved by calling the u2handlers() method on the transport class. This means that you can create your own transport by subclassing the default and overriding that method to use a HTTPSHander with a specific ssl context, e.g:
from suds.client import Client
from suds.transport.https import HttpAuthenticated
from urllib.request import HTTPSHandler
import ssl
class CustomTransport(HttpAuthenticated):
def u2handlers(self):
# use handlers from superclass
handlers = HttpAuthenticated.u2handlers(self)
# create custom ssl context, e.g.:
ctx = ssl.create_default_context(cafile="/path/to/ca-bundle.pem")
# configure context as needed...
ctx.check_hostname = False
# add a https handler using the custom context
handlers.append(HTTPSHandler(context=ctx))
return handlers
# instantiate client using this transport
c = Client("https://example.org/service?wsdl", transport=CustomTransport())
This code worked for me:
from suds.client import Client
import ssl
if hasattr(ssl, '_create_unverified_context'):
ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context
cli = Client('https://your_lik_to?wsdl')
print(cli)
You can add the code below before instantiate your suds client:
import ssl
try:
_create_unverified_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context
except AttributeError:
pass
else:
ssl._create_default_https_context = _create_unverified_https_context
See my own website for details: https://lucasmarques.me/bypass-ssl
This is what I came up with that seems to work well:
class MyTransport(HttpAuthenticated):
def u2handlers(self):
"""
Get a collection of urllib handlers.
#return: A list of handlers to be installed in the opener.
#rtype: [Handler,...]
"""
handlers = []
context = ssl._create_unverified_context()
handlers.append(urllib2.HTTPSHandler(context=context))
return handlers
Cheers!
You can use https://pypi.python.org/pypi/suds_requests to leverage the requests library for the transport. This gives you the ability to disable the ssl verification.
Or try my new soap library, it supports it out of the box: http://docs.python-zeep.org/en/latest/#transport-options
I use this:
with mock.patch('ssl._create_default_https_context', ssl._create_unverified_context):
client = Client(url)
See: https://bitbucket.org/jurko/suds/issues/78/allow-bypassing-ssl-certificate#comment-39029255
Related
It's my first try at Locus, and unfortunately I don't know Python.
I'm trying a simple request to a valid https server, and I see this error:
SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to
get local issuer certificate
After some research I tried to add this:
import gevent
import geventhttpclient.connectionpool
geventhttpclient.connectionpool.SSLConnectionPool.default_options = {
"cert_reqs": gevent.ssl.CERT_NONE,
}
or this:
import requests
requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings() # disable SSL warnings
I run Locust as instructed:
docker-compose up --scale worker=4
How can I test https sites with Locust?
Thanks in advance
Regards
You can do turn the verification off by adding below method:
def on_start(self):
""" on_start is called when a Locust start before any task is scheduled """
self.client.verify = False
While connecting to a server with a self-signed certificate I had a similar problem. I successfully disabled the certificate verification using the following code (from Locust):
import gevent
from geventhttpclient.url import URL
from geventhttpclient import HTTPClient
def insecure_ssl_context_factory():
context = gevent.ssl.create_default_context()
context.check_hostname = False
context.verify_mode = gevent.ssl.CERT_NONE
return context
url = URL(server)
http = HTTPClient.from_url(url, insecure=True, ssl_context_factory=insecure_ssl_context_factory)
Currently working on using zeep for a client binding to an application that we do not control (so we cannot change its behavior).
Unfortunately for me, the WSDL is hosted on a https:// page, while the binding itself ONLY support HTTP, so i cannot simply change the binding address to HTTPS to make this working.
When first creating the zeep client object I am assuming this is then a python requests prepared request, which now is forced to only accept SSL.
Question: Is there a way to tell zeep or python requests that the next response won't be HTTPS?
Example:
from requests import Session
from zeep import Client
from zeep.transports import Transport
import requests
from requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarning
requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings(InsecureRequestWarning)
session = Session()
session.verify = False
transport = Transport(session=session)
client = Client('https://example.local:8443/www/core-service/services/LoginService?wsdl', transport=transport)
with client.settings(raw_response=True):
print(client.service.login('0', 'user', 'password'))
This would return this error because the next call is towards an http address:
requests.exceptions.SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='localhost', port=9090): Max retries exceeded with url: /core-service/services/LoginService (Caused by SSLError(SSLError(1, '[SSL: UNKNOWN_PROTOCOL] unknown protocol (_ssl.c:877)'),))
You can set the "force_https" property to false in order to avoid the https forcing.
https://python-zeep.readthedocs.io/en/master/settings.html#settings
In the official doc of HTTP PROTOCOL CLIENT
class http.client.HTTPSConnection(host, port=None, key_file=None,
cert_file=None, [timeout, ]source_address=None, *, context=None,
check_hostname=None)
A subclass of HTTPConnection that uses SSL for communication with
secure servers. Default port is 443. If context is specified, it must
be a ssl.SSLContext instance describing the various SSL options.
Is there any option to disable ssl verification like python requests library as verify=fasle
For some reasons I can't use HTTPConnection class which would be a straight forward solution. I have to use HTTPSConnection and work with
HTTPConnection.putrequest()
to send request without the ssl verification.
while creating https connection make sure that you pass context parameter as follows
import http.client
import ssl
conn = http.client.HTTPSConnection(
HOSTNAME,
context = ssl._create_unverified_context()
)
In my twisted app I want to make an asynchronous request to Akismet to check for spam. Akismet reasonably uses HTTPS, so I've been following the web client guide on SSL in the docs. But there's this part that worries me:
Here’s an example which shows how to use Agent to request an HTTPS URL with no certificate verification.
I very much want certificate verification to prevent Man-In-The-Middle attacks. So how do I add it?
My test code without verification is this:
from twisted.internet import reactor
from twisted.web.client import Agent
from twisted.internet.ssl import ClientContextFactory
class WebClientContextFactory(ClientContextFactory):
def getContext(self, hostname, port):
print( "getting context for {}:{}".format( hostname, port ) )
# FIXME: no attempt to verify certificates!
return ClientContextFactory.getContext(self)
agent = Agent( reactor, WebClientContextFactory() )
def success( response ):
print( "connected!" )
def failure( failure ):
print( "failure: {}".format( failure ) )
def stop( ignored ):
reactor.stop()
agent.request( "GET", "https://www.pcwebshop.co.uk/" )\ # uses self-signed cert
.addCallbacks( success, failure )\
.addBoth( stop )
reactor.run()
I'd like it to fail due to inability to verify the cert.
I'm using Twisted 15.1.0.
Actually, the default init function of Agent will pass in BrowserLikePolicyForHTTPS as contextFactory and have the ablility to verify server certificate.
Simply using this:
agent = Agent( reactor )
will produce the following error:
failure: [Failure instance: Traceback (failure with no frames):
<class 'twisted.web._newclient.ResponseNeverReceived'>:
[<twisted.python.failure.Failure <class 'OpenSSL.SSL.Error'>>]]
Make sure you installed service_identity package using pip.
If you need custom cert verification, you can create a custom policy by passing the pem in, as described here:
customPolicy = BrowserLikePolicyForHTTPS(
Certificate.loadPEM(FilePath("your-trust-root.pem").getContent())
)
agent = Agent(reactor, customPolicy)
Thanks for pointing this out. This seems to be a bug in the documentation. Prior to version 14.0, it was accurate; Twisted would not validate HTTPS, and that was a big problem. However, as you can see in the release notes for that version, Twisted (at least in versions 14.0 and greater) does validate TLS on HTTPS connections made with Agent. (It still does not do so for getPage, the old, bad, HTTP client; do not use getPage.)
I have filed this bug to track fixing the documentation to be accurate.
I have configured my server to serve only https creating a self-signed certificate. I have a client that I has to validate the server's certificate and after that will download a file from the server.
How do I implement the validation in client? Is there any code example?
My question is similar with this one: How can the SSL client validate the server's certificate?
but although the fine explanation, I didn't find any help.
So far, in my code I create a directory and then I download the file with urllib2:
[...] #imports
def dir_creation(path):
try:
os.makedirs(path)
except OSError as exception:
if exception.errno != errno.EEXIST:
raise
def file_download(url):
ver_file = urllib2.urlopen(url)
data = ver_file.read()
with open(local_filename, "wb") as code:
code.write(data)
dir_creation(path)
file_download(url)
Rather than configuring your server to present a self-signed certificate, you should use a self-signed certificate as a certificate authority to sign the server certificate. (How to do this is beyond the scope of your question, but I'm sure you can find help on Stack Overflow or elsewhere.)
Now you must configure your client to trust your certificate authority. In python (2.7.9 or later), you can do this using the ssl module:
import ssl
... # create socket
ctx = ssl.create_default_context(cafile=path_to_ca_certificate)
sslsock = ctx.wrap_socket(sock)
You can then transmit and read data on the secure socket. See the ssl module documentation for more explanation.
The urllib2 API is simpler:
import urllib2
resp = urllib2.urlopen(url, cafile=path_to_ca_certificate)
resp_body = resp.read()
If you wish to use Requests, according to the documentation you can supply a path to the CA certificate as the argument to the verify parameter:
resp = requests.get(url, verify=path_to_ca_certificate)