I need help with this, I'm a total beginner at python. my assignment is to create a program that has the user pick a category, then scramble words from a file that are in that category. I just want to figure out why this first part isn't working, the first part being the first of four different methods that run depending on which category the user picks.
print ("Instructions: Enter your chosen category, animals, places, names or colors.")
viewYourFile = input("Enter your category")
category = 'animals'
if category == 'animals':
animals = open('animals.txt')
next = animals.read(1)
while next != "":
animal1 = animals.read(1)
animal2 = animals.read(2)
animal3 = animals.read(3)
animal4 = animals.read(4)
animal5 = animals.read(5)
animalList = ['animal1', 'animal2', 'animal3', 'animal4', 'animal5']
chosenAnimal = random.choice(animalList)
animalLetters = list(chosenAnimal)
random.shuffle(animalLetters)
scrambledAnimal = ' '.join(animalLetters)
print(scrambledAnimal)
print("Enter the correct spelling of the word")
The first problem is that you're reading only 1-5 letters from the file.
Please read the (documentation)[https://docs.python.org/2/tutorial/inputoutput.html] on how the read function works. The number in parentheses is how many bytes you want to read.
You may want a simpler solution, such as reading the entire file and splitting it into words. This would look something like:
file_contents = animals.read()
animalList = file_contents.split()
If split is new to you, then (look up)[https://docs.python.org/2/library/string.html] that method as well.
The next problem is that you've set your animal list to literal strings, rather than the input values you read. I think you want the line to read:
animalList = [animal1, animal2, animal3, animal4, animal5]
Related
I am a newbie. I failed one of the test cases in a phone book problem. As per the question, a user is expected to enter a single line input which contains a name (which can be one or more words) followed by a number. I have to split the the input into ["name","number"] and store it in dictionary. Note that the name will have one or more words(Eg: John Conor Jr. or Apollo Creed). I am confused with the splitting part. I tried out the split() function and re.split(). Not sure I can solve this.
Sample input 1 : david james 93930000
Sample Input 2 : hshhs kskssk sshs 99383000
Output: num = {"david james" : "93930000", "hshhs kskssk sshs" : "99383000"}
I need to store it in a dictionary where the key:value is "david james": "93930000"
Please help. Thank you
=====>I found a solution<==========
if __name__ == '__main__':
N=int(input())
phonebook={}
(*name,num) = input().split()
name = ''.join(map(str,name)
phonebook.update({name:num})
print(phonebook)
The astrik method words. But for a large data set this might slow me down. Not sure.
So im assuming that the inputs stated are coming from a user, if that
is the case you could change the format in your code to something
similar to this. You can change the range depending on how many inputs you want.
name = {}
for i in range(5):
student_name = input("Enter student's name: ")
student_mark = input("Enter student's mark: ")
name[student_name.title()] = student_mark
print(marks)
This should print the results in the way you mentioned!
Please check for the updated answer if this is what you are looking
for.
# Sample text in a line...
# With a name surname and number
txt = "Tamer Jar 9000"
# We define a dictionary variable
name_dictionary = {}
# We make a list inorder to appened the name and surname to the list
name_with_surname = []
# We split the text and if we print it out it should look something like this
# "Tamer", "Jar", "9000"
# But you need the name and surname together so we do that below
x = txt.split()
# We take the first value of the split text which is "Tamer"
# And we take the second value of the split text us "Jar"
name = x[0]
surname = x[1]
# And here we append them to our list
name_with_surname.append(name + " " + surname)
#print(name_with_surname)
# Finally here to display the values in a dictionary format
# We take the value of the list which is "Tamer Jar" and the value of the number "9000"
name_dictionary[name_with_surname[0]] = x[2]
print(name_dictionary)
The above answers can't handle if a data has too many name parts in one line.
Try my code below.
You can just loop through whatever the total number of inputs you want.
phonebook = {}
total_inputs = int(input())
for i in range(total_inputs):
name_marks = input().split() # taking input and splitting them by spaces
name = " ".join(x for x in name_marks[:-1]) # extracting the name
marks = name_marks[-1] # extracting the marks
phonebook[name] = marks # storing the marks in the dictionary
This way you can store the marks for the name. It will handle even one input has many name parts.
I am trying to create a "This is Your New Name Generator" program. I am doing this by asking the user for their first and last name. The program then takes the first letter of their first name, and the last letter of the their last name, and pulls from two text files to give their new first and last name.
I've gotten as far as getting the user's first and last name, and pulling information from a file, however it always gives me the last line of the file.
I thought I could setup the files like dictionaries and then use the user's input as keys, but it doesn't seem to be working.
Any advice?
firstName = input("What is your first Name? ")
lastName = input("What is your last Name? ")
fN = firstName[0].lower()
lN_len = len(lastName) -1
lN = lastName[lN_len]
fNdict = {}
with open('firstName.txt') as f:
for line in f:
(fN, fNval) = line.split(",")
fNdict[fN] = fNval
lNdict = {}
with open('lastName.txt') as fileobj:
for line in fileobj:
lNkey, lNvalue = line.split(",")
lNdict[lN] = lNvalue
newFirstName = fNval
newLastName = lNvalue
print("Your zombie Name is: %s %s "%(newFirstName,newLastName))
Reference Image:
When you run these lines:
newFirstName = fNval
newLastName = lNvalue
fNval and lNvalue have the last values they had in their respective loops. I think you mean to use the user's first and last names as keys to the dictionaries, e.g.
newFirstName = fNdict[fN]
newLastName = lNdict[lN]
Note that this will fail if fN and lN aren't in the dictionaries. You might want to create defaultdicts instead.
Note also that Python has an official style guide that most Python developers follow. Please consider reading it and writing your code accordingly. The code you've shared is very hard to read.
You could follow a slightly different implementation to achieve the same result.
Create two python dictionaries with all the associations letters - first names and letter - last names.
Write them in a file using json. This file will substitute yours firstName.txt and lastName.txt
This should be done only once to create the file with the names.
Then your name generator is a script which:
Loads those two dictionaries.
Ask the user for an input to obtain the keys.
Retrieve the names from the dictionaries using the user input.
The first two points are implemented in this way:
import json
#these are just brief examples, provide complete dictionaries.
firstnames = {"A": "Crafty", "B": "Brainy"}
lastnames = {"A": "Decapitator", "B": "McBrains"}
with open("fullnames.txt", "w") as ff:
json.dump(firstnames, ff)
ff.write('\n')
json.dump(lastnames, ff)
This would be a script to generate the file with the names.
The name generator would be:
import json
with open("fullnames.txt", "r") as ff:
ll = ff.readlines()
firstnames = json.loads(ll[0].strip())
lastnames = json.loads(ll[1].strip())
inputfirst = input("What is your first Name? ")
inputlast = input("What is your last Name? ")
fn = inputfirst[0].upper()
ln = inputlast[-1].upper() #negative indexes start from the last element of the iterable, so -1 would be the last.
print("Your zombie Name is: {} {} ".format(firstnames[fn], lastnames[ln])) #using string format method, better that the old %
How do I make the if statement to read from a specific location of a text file and stop at a specific point and then print it out. for example, printing out one patient's data, not all the list. beginner programmer here. thank you
ID = input("please enter a refernce id to search for the patient : ")
info = open("data.txt", 'r')
if ID in info:
# This should return only one patient's information not all the text file
else:
print("not in file")
info.close()
We would need to know the specific details of how the file is formatted to give an exact answer, but here is one way that may be helpful.
Firstly, your 'info' is right now just a TextIOWrapper object. You can tell by running print(type(info)). You need to make it info = open('data.txt', 'r').read() to give you a string of the text, or info = open('data.txt', 'r').readlines() to give you a list of the text by line, if the format is just plain text.
Assuming the data looks something like this:
Patient: Charlie
Age = 99
Description: blah blah blah
Patient: Judith
Age: 100
Description: blah blah blahs
You can do the following:
First, find and store the index of the ID you are looking for. Secondly, find and store the index of some string that denotes a new ID. In this case, that's the word 'Patient'. Lastly, return the string between those two indices.
Example:
ID = input("please enter a reference id to search for the patient: ")
info = open("data.txt", 'r').read()
if ID in info:
#find() returns the beginning index of a string
f = info.find(ID)
goods = info[f:]
l = goods.find('Patient')
goods = goods[:l]
print(goods)
else:
print("not in file")
Something along those lines should do the trick. There are probably better ways depending on the structure of the file. Things can go wrong if the user input is not specific enough, or the word patient is scattered in the descriptions, but the idea remains the same. You should do some error handling for the input, as well. I hope that helps! Good luck with your project.
What I am trying to do in my program is to have the program open a file with many different words inside it.
Receive a user input and check if any word inside the file is in user input.
Inside the file redflags.txt:
happy
angry
ball
jump
each word on a different line.
For example if the user input is "Hey I am a ball" then it will print redflag.
If the user input is "Hey this is a sphere" then it will print noflag.
Redflags = open("redflags.txt")
data = Redflags.read()
text_post = raw_input("Enter text you wish to analyse")
words = text_post.split() and text_post.lower()
if data in words:
print("redflag")
else:
print("noflag")
This should do the trick! Sets are generally much faster than lookups for list comparisons. Sets can tell you the intersection in this case (overlapping words), differences, etc. We consume the file that has a list of words, remove newline characters, lowercase, and we have our first list. The second list is created from the user input and split on spacing. Now we can perform our set intersection to see if any common words exist.
# read in the words and create list of words with each word on newline
# replace newline chars and lowercase
words = [word.replace('\n', '').lower() for word in open('filepath_to_word_list.txt', 'r').readlines()]
# collect user input and lowercase and split into list
user_input = raw_input('Please enter your words').lower().split()
# use set intersection to find if common words exist and print redflag
if set(words).intersection(set(user_input)):
print('redflag')
else:
print('noflag')
with open('redflags.txt', 'r') as f:
# See this post: https://stackoverflow.com/a/20756176/1141389
file_words = f.read().splitlines()
# get the user's words, lower case them all, then split
user_words = raw_input('Please enter your words').lower().split()
# use sets to find if any user_words are in file_words
if set(file_words).intersection(set(user_words)):
print('redflag')
else:
print('noredflag')
I would suggest you to use list comprehensions
Take a look at this code which does what you want (I will explain them below):
Redflags = open("redflags.txt")
data = Redflags.readlines()
data = [d.strip() for d in data]
text_post = input("Enter text you wish to analyse:")
text_post = text_post.split()
fin_list = [i for i in data if i in text_post]
if (fin_list):
print("RedFlag")
else:
print("NoFlag")
Output 1:
Enter text you wish to analyse:i am sad
NoFlag
Output 2:
Enter text you wish to analyse:i am angry
RedFlag
So first open the file and read them using readlines() this gives a list of lines from file
>>> data = Redflags.readlines()
['happy\n', 'angry \n', 'ball \n', 'jump\n']
See all those unwanted spaces,newlines (\n) use strip() to remove them! But you can't strip() a list. So take individual items from the list and then apply strip(). This can be done efficiently using list comprehensions.
data = [d.strip() for d in data]
Also why are you using raw_input() In Python3 use input() instead.
After getting and splitting the input text.
fin_list = [i for i in data if i in text_post]
I'm creating a list of items where i (each item) from data list is also in text_pos list. So this way I get common items which are in both lists.
>>> fin_list
['angry'] #if my input is "i am angry"
Note: In python empty lists are considered as false,
>>> bool([])
False
While those with values are considered True,
>>> bool(['some','values'])
True
This way your if only executes if list is non-empty. Meaning 'RedFlag' will be printed only when some common item is found between two lists. You get what you want.
I have a code that takes data from online where items are referred to by a number ID, compared data about those items, and builds a list of item ID numbers based on some criteria. What I'm struggling with is taking this list of numbers and turning it into a list of names. I have a text file with the numbers and corresponding names but am having trouble using it because it contains multi-word names and retains the \n at the end of each line when i try to parse the file in any way with python. the text file looks like this:
number name\n
14 apple\n
27 anjou pear\n
36 asian pear\n
7645 langsat\n
I have tried split(), as well as replacing the white space between with several difference things to no avail. I asked a question earlier which yielded a lot of progress but still didn't quite work. The two methods that were suggested were:
d = dict()
f=open('file.txt', 'r')
for line in f:
number, name = line.split(None,1)
d[number] = name
this almost worked but still left me with the \n so if I call d['14'] i get 'apple\n'. The other method was:
import re
f=open('file.txt', 'r')
fr=f.read()
r=re.findall("(\w+)\s+(.+)", fr)
this seemed to have gotten rid of the \n at the end of every name but leaves me with the problem of having a tuple with each number-name combo being a single entry so if i were to say r[1] i would get ('14', 'apple'). I really don't want to delete each new line command by hand on all ~8400 entries...
Any recommendations on how to get the corresponding name given a number from a file like this?
In your first method change the line ttn[number] = name to ttn[number] = name[:-1]. This simply strips off the last character, and should remove your \n.
names = {}
with open("id_file.txt") as inf:
header = next(inf, '') # skip header row
for line in inf:
id, name = line.split(None, 1)
names[int(id)] = name.strip()
names[27] # => 'anjou pear'
Use this to modify your first approach:
raw_dict = dict()
cleaned_dict = dict()
Assuming you've imported file to dictionary:
raw_dict = {14:"apple\n",27:"anjou pear\n",36 :"asian pear\n" ,7645:"langsat\n"}
for keys in raw_dict:
cleaned_dict[keys] = raw_dict[keys][:len(raw_dict[keys])-1]
So now, cleaned_dict is equal to:
{27: 'anjou pear', 36: 'asian pear', 7645: 'langsat', 14: 'apple'}
*Edited to add first sentence.